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Objective:To establish the Chinese version of (strength, assistance with walking, rise from a chair, climb stairs and falls, SARC-F) scale using the standardized methods and to validate the reliability and validity for sarcopenia screening among elderly population.Methods:Following the recommended procedure by World Health Organization and European Union Geriatric Medicine Society Sarcopenia Special Interest Group, the translation process included forward translation, expert panel, back-translation, pre-testing and cognitive interviewing to generate the final version. In the pilot study, the test-retest reliability, inter-rater reliability, and internal consistency of the Chinese version of SARC-F scale were assessed. In the diagnostic test for clinical validation, the participants were consecutively recruited from communities and hospitals in Beijing and Tianjin between December 2021 and October 2022. The scale administration, anthropometry, and body composition measurement were conducted by trained investigators. Participants with the SARC-F score ≥ 4 were considered at risk of sarcopenia. Diagnostic tests and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis were performed against the definitions of sarcopenia according to European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP2) and Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS2019), and the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and the area under curve were displayed.Results:The Chinese version of SARC-F scale was approved by the author that the translation has expressed the original meaning correctly. The Chinese version of SARC-F had good test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.914), inter-rater reliability ( r = 0.726), and internal consistency ( α = 0.729). There were altogether 1 882 participants included in the clinical validation. According to the diagnostic criteria of EWGSOP2 and AWGS2019, the Chinese version of SARC-F scale had low sensitivity (13.6% and 16.0%) and positive predictive value (44.6% and 35.4%), high specificity (95.1% and 94.7%) and negative predictive value (79.0% and 86.2%), and moderate AUC of 0.619 and 0.616 (all P < 0.001) for sarcopenia screening. Conclusions:The Chinese version of SARC-F scale was of good reliability and validity. The application of SARC-F in the primary healthcare settings would contribute to the early diagnosis of sarcopenia.
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Objective:To investigate the impact of nutrition supplementation (whey protein, fish oil and vitamin D) and physical exercise (resistance and aerobic exercise) on muscle mass and body fat metrics among community elderly with sarcopenia.Method:102 eligible sarcopenic participants per inclusion and exclusion criteria were randomized into the control group (routine consultation, n=34) or the groups receiving nutrition supplementation (Nutr, n=34) or nutrition supplementation combined with exercise (Nutr+Ex, n=34) for 12 weeks. Muscle and body fat related indicators were compared across groups pre- and post-intervention. Results:Analysis of covariance showed that all indicators were significantly different between groups (all P<0.05). Further pairwise comparisons showed that compared with controls, patients in Nutr group showed increased appendicular muscle mass (ASM) by 0.837 kg ( P=0.003, 95% CI: 0.301 to 1.372) and decreased fat mass by 2.876 kg ( P<0.01, 95% CI: -3.941 to -1.812), while patients in Nutr+Ex group showed increased ASM by 0.745 kg ( P=0.010, 95% CI: 0.180 to 1.311) and decreased fat mass by 2.928kg ( P<0.01, 95% CI: -4.408 to -1.808). Other muscle-related indicators also increased while fat-related indicators decreased in both Nutr and Nutr+Ex groups. However, there is no significant difference between Nutr and Nutr+Ex groups. Conclusions:Nutrition supplementation and physical exercise contribute to muscle mass and body fat improvement among sarcopenic elderly. Lifestyle intervention based on nutrition intervention is important for the community elderly with sarcopenia.
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Objective:To the effects of testosterone replacement therapy on muscle strength and function among the elderly (≥65 years old).Methods:We searched English and Chinese databases of PubMed, SinoMed, etc, upto July 4, 2020. All retrieved literatures were reviewed according to inclusion and exclusion criteria in accordance with PICOS principles. The Cochrane risk bias assessment tool was used for quality evaluation. Two researchers extracted data and evaluated literature quality independently. The outcomes included muscle strength (assessed by handgrip strength, leg extension strength, etc) and function (assessed by walking speed according to 6-minute walking test, 6MWT). Review Manager 5.3 software was used for statistical analysis. The fixed or random effects model was used to merge data of upper-and lower-extremity strength or 6MWT to produce forest plot and funnel plot. The subgroup analyses were conducted based on the characteristics of included studies. The sensitivity analyses were conducted for excluding literatures with small sample size, etc.Results:A total of 15 relatively high quality researches (14 English literatures and 1 Chinese literature) were included. The results of this meta analyses showed TRT could improve upper-extremity (0.21[0.11, 0.32]) and lower-extremity (0.34[0.12, 0.55]) muscle strength while not physical function (17.62[-13.06, 48.31]) among the elderly men. Subgroup analyses showed that region, source of participants, administration route and intervention period, while not the baseline testosterone level had effect on the pooled effect size. Funnel plot suggested a certain degree of publication bias. Sensitivity analyses revealed that the meta analyses were robust.Conclusion:TRT can improve muscle strength while not physical function among elderly men.
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Objective To explore the relationship between sarcopenia and the risks of osteoporosis and fragility fractures among community-dwelling middle and old people (≥50 years) . Methods OVID/Medline, Pubmed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science ( SCI ) , China National Knowledge Infrastructure ( CNKI) , and Chinese WanFang Database were searched systematically for literatures related to the relationship between sarcopenia and osteoporosis and fragility fractures from January 1987 to July 2018. The searched litera-tures were screened based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The quality of the literatures were evaluated by using the risk assessment tool NOS ( Newcastle-Ottawa Scale) and AHRQ ( Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality) . Meta-regression analysis was used to explore the cause of heterogeneity between studies. The sub-group analysis was used to assess the differences in the risk of osteoporosis based on the important characteristic variables, such as gender, ethnicity, age, diagnostic criteria of sarcopenia, and outcome type. Sensitivity anal-ysis and trim and fill method were conducted to test the stability of the results of this Meta-analysis. Data col-lected and summarized by Stata 12. 2 software. Results A total of 23 studies in line with quality requirements were included eventually, including 56, 544 subjects. The results of this Meta-analysis were relatively robust. Compared with non-sarcopenia, the relative risk ( RR ) for osteoporosis among subjects with sarcopenia was 1. 61 (95％ CI: 1. 42～1. 82, P<0. 00001). Especially, compared with postmenopausal women RR=1. 37 (95％ CI: 1. 23-1. 53, P<0. 0001) and yellow race RR=1. 53 (95％ CI: 1. 34-1. 75, P<0. 0001), sar-copenia had a higher impact trend on the risk of osteoporosis in older men RR=2. 26 ( 95％ CI: 1. 71-2. 98, P<0. 0001 ) and Caucasian RR = 2. 03 ( 95％ CI: 1. 46-2. 81, P<0. 0001 ) . Conclusion Among community-dwelling middle and old aged people (≥50 year) , sarcopenia increases the risk of osteoporosis and fragility fracture by 61％ and 59％ -61％ significantly, respectively. Middle and old aged people should be pre-vented and screened early for sarcopenia, which attributes to identify high risk groups of fragile fractures and re-duce the risk of adverse outcomes.
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Objective To investigate the status of body weight,total body fat and skeletal muscle in elderly patients with diabetes.Methods A total of 71 elderly diabetic patients (study group) who met entry criteria and signed informed consent were consecutively enrolled,and 70 healthy subjects (control group) matched for age and gender were selected into the study.Body weight,body mass index (BMI),waist-to-hip ratio (WHR),total body fat (TBF),abdominal fat (AF),visceral fat (VF),visceral fat area (VFA),fatfree mass (FFM),total body muscle (TBM),skeletal muscle (SM),skeletal muscle height index (SMHI) and grip strength (GS) were measured by anthropometry and multi-frequency bioelectric impedance analysis.The rate of low weight,overweight and obesity was judged by BMI;the rate of abdominal obesity by WHR;and the status of muscle by TBM,SM,MHI and GS.Results The two groups were comparable at baseline.Compared to the control group,the rate of low weight [36.6％ (26/71) vs.20.0％ (14/70),x2 =4.791,P=0.039],weight loss [(1.37± 1.57) kg vs.(0.82± 1.12) kg,t=2.402,P =0.018],ratio of people whoexperienced weight loss＞5％ in 3 months [22.5％ (16/71) vs.8.6％ (6/70),x2 =5.219,P=0.035],TBF％ [(32.3±5.0)％ vs.(30.3±5.2)％,t=2.294,P=0.023],WHR (0.91±0.55vs.0.87±0.51,t =2.661,P =0.009),the rate of abdominal obesity [49.3％ (35/71) vs.25.7％ (18/70),x2 =8.355,P=0.005],AF [(12.1±3.4) kg vs.(10.3±3.6) kg,t=2.981,P=0.003],VF [(2.9±0.8) kg vs.(2.5±0.9) kg,t=2.853,P=0.005] andVFA [(99.8±26.3) cm2 vs.(84.9±31.1) cm2,t=3.045,P=0.003] were increased significantly in study group,while the FFM [(34.9±7.5) kg vs.(37.9±5.6) kg,t=-2.691,P=0.008],SM [(25.8±4.5) kgvs.(27.3±3.5) kg,t=-2.140,P=0.034],SMHI [(9.4±1.8) kg/m2 vs.(10.2±1.5) kg/m2,t=-3.081,P=0.002] andGS [(29.3±6.6) kg vs.(31.8±5.7) kg,t=-2.406,P=0.017] were decreased significantly in study group.Conclusion Abnormal weight,abdominal obesity and loss of skeletal muscle were more likely to be observed in elderly patients with diabetes.
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Objective To explore the relationship between sarcopenia and the risks of falls, osteoporo-sis, fractures and all-cause mortality among elderly people. Methods This was a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Databases of OVID/Medline, PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure ( CNKI) and Chinese WanFang Database were searched systematically according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The literatures related to the relationship between sarcopenia and falls, os-teoporosis, fractures and all-cause mortality among elderly people from January 1987 to June 2017 were identi-fied. The quality of the literature was evaluated by the risk assessment tool Newcastle-Ottawa Scale recommen-ded by the Cochrane. Meta-analysis was conducted by RevMan 5. 3 and Stata 12. 1 software. Results Totally 13 prospective cohort studies including 19 376 subjects and 3 190 outcome events were entered in meta-analysis. The relative risk ( RR) for comprehensive adverse outcome events among subjects with sarcopenia was 1. 64 times of non-sarcopenia subjects (95% CI=1. 51-1. 78, P<0. 000 01), and the RRs for fall, osteoporosis, fractures and all-cause mortality were 1. 60 (95% CI=1. 42-1. 81, P<0. 000 01), 4. 85 (95% CI=2. 18- 10. 79, P=0. 000 1), 1. 59 (95% CI=1. 40-1. 80, P<0. 000 01), 2. 08 (95% CI=1. 18-3. 69, P=0. 01) times of non-sarcopenia subjects respectively. Conclusion Sarcopenia increases the risk of falls, fractures, all-cause mortality and comprehensive adverse outcome significantly, suggesting that sarcopenia might be a pre-dictor for adverse outcomes among elderly people.
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Sarcopenia is a syndrome characterized by progressive and generalised loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength with a risk of adverse outcomes such as physical disability, poor quality of life and increasing risk of infection and mortality. Inadequate intake of nutrients (especially protein) might block muscle protein synthesis, and accelerate age-related sarcopenia progress. Age-related decline in skeletal muscle mass as well as muscle functions has been regarded as major health issues in elderly people. The domestic and foreign literature related to impact of nutritional intervention on muscle protein synthesis and muscle functions in elderly people were retrieved to evaluate the effect of nutritional intervention on muscle protein synthesis and muscle functions in elderly people.
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Objective To evaluate the relationship between sarcopenia and the incidence of fall in elderly,with a systematic review of advanced nutritional and physical interventions studies.Methods A systematic review of randomized controlled trails (RCTs) and cohort studies was conducted.All published literature related to the sarcopenia,falls,and nutritional,physical interventions in the elderly were searched both in Chinese and English databases including Wanfang Database,CBM/SinoMed,PubMed,EMBASE,and Cochrane Library from January 1987 to January 2017 based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria.According to the standard procedure of systematic review,all selected articles were evaluated and graded by two researchers independently by using Jadad scale or Newcastle-Ottawa scale.Results A total of 168 articles were found,of which 11 (4 RCTs and 7 cohort studies) met the inclusion criteria.It was found that sarcopenia was an independent risk factor for fall among the elderly.Early prevention,accurate identification,and timely nutrition and physical interventions on the sarcopenia were the critical factors for reducing the incidence of accidental falls and fractures in the elderly,which helped to greatly reduce the health care expenditures and improve clinical outcomes and the quality of life.Conclusion Elderly should be screened early for sarcopenia,and nutrition and physical interventions should be applied to improve clinical outcomes and reduce health care costs.
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[Summary] Traumatic brain injury ( TBI ) constitutes a major health and socioeconomic problem throughout the world . Increasing traffic accidents and aging of population promote the incidence of TBI .In patients with severe TBI mortality and disability rates are higher .And survivors may suffer physical activity , cognitive and psychological problems due to trauma , leading to shortened life span and higher risk of death than general population .They are also facing with long-term care and rehabilitation .This article reviewed the status and limitations on treatment of severe traumatic brain injury and its clinical significance .
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BACKGROUND:Isoflurane cannot only induce a wide range of large neuronal apoptosis, but also inhibit hippocampal neurogenesis in neonatal rats, thereby resulting in hippocampus-dependent learning and memory defects. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the isoflurane effect on proliferation and differentiation of the hippocampal neural stem cels. METHODS:Twenty-six Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into air group and isoflurane group (n=13 per group). Rats in the isoflurane group were subjected to 2.5% isoflurane inhalation for 3 minutes folowed by 1.5% isoflurane inhalation for 4 hours. Rats in the air group only breathed in air. After the intervention, blood glucose and arterial blood gas changes were detected in the two groups. Additionaly, rats in the two groups were given intraperitoneal injection of 5-bromodeoxyuridine before and after intervention. At 24 hours after the last injection of 5-bromodeoxyuridine, brain tissues were taken to make frozen sections for immunofluorescence staining. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:There were no significant difference in pH, PaO2, PaCO2, HCO3, BE and SaO2 levels between the two groups (P> 0.05). Compared with the air group, the number of BrdU+ cels was significantly less in the isoflurane group (P < 0.05), while the number of NeuroD+/BrdU+ cels was significantly higher in the isoflurane group (P < 0.05). The incidence of adverse reactions was 23% in the isoflurane group, which was significantly higher than that in the air group (7.7%;P < 0.05). These findings indicate that isoflurane can inhibit the proliferation of neural stem cels in the hippocampal dentate gyrus, and promote their differentiation into neurons.
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Objective To investigate the relationship between body mass index (BMI),total body fat (TBF),body fat distribution,and dyslipidemia in the elderly.Methods A total of 395 healthy elderly people who had annual examination at Peking Union Medical College Hospital were consecutively enrolled from October 2013 to March 2014.Body weight (BW),TBF,abdominal fat (AF),visceral fat (VF),visceral fat area (VFA) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) were measured with multi-frequency bioelectric impedance analysis.Serum triglyceride (TG),total cholesterol (TC),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were measured at the same time.The relationship between BMI,TBF,body fat distribution,and dyslipidemia were analyzed.Results The incidences of obesity (17.8％ vs.9.6％,P=0.036),overweight (49.6％ vs.30.4％,P=0.000) and dyslipidemia (67.0％ vs.44.8％,P =0.000) in male were significantly higher than those in female;while female showed a significantly higher percentage of TBF (60.0％ vs.41.1％,P =0.001).TC was positively correlated with TBF (P =0.020),AF (P =0.018),VF (P =0.015) and VFA (P =0.017);TG was positively correlated with BMI (P =0.000),TBF (P=0.000),WHR (P=0.000),AF (P=0.000),VF (P=0.000) and VFA (P=0.000);LDL-C was positively correlated with BMI (P =0.049),TBF (P =0.005),AF (P =0.004),VF (P =0.003) and VFA (P =0.004);while HDL-C was negatively correlated with BMI (P =0.000),TBF (P=0.020),WHR (P=0.000),AF (P=0.021),VF (P=0.024) and VFA (P=0.022).Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that the predictive curves of BMI,TBF,WHR,AF,VF and VFA were above the reference line.TBF (P =0.000),WHR (P =0.000),AF (P =0.000),VF (P =0.000),VFA (P =0.000),TG (P =0.000) and LDL-C (female:P =0.021) in obesity/overweight group were significantly higher than those in normal weight group.Conclusion Obesity/overweight,high TBF and large WHR may increase the risk of dyslipidemia in the elderly.
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Objective To study the relationship between the exposure time of puncture needle of infusion bottle stopper and microbial contamination during clinical intravenous transfusion. Methods A total of 600 cases from November 1, 2014 to January 31, 2015 who have received the clinical intravenous transfusion for investigation were selected.When replacing the infusion bottle (bag), inserting the puncture needle slowly across the bottle stopper and making the needle tip be canted to the transfusion bottle mouth (bag) of the rubber plug, gently squeezing the Murphy's tube until solution was not dripping, recording down the exposure time in the air of the needle tip from medicine droplet to the end. To dip the lower part with sterile swabs and culture the swabs in nutrient broth medium. Meanwhile, to replace the next bottle of medicine and get the remaining 2 ml of liquids into the culture broth medium, after 48 h, both of which medium were switched to blood plate culture cultivation for observing the general situation of the bacteria growth. Results Among the 600 cases of clinical transfusion, 24 cases were positive for sterile swabs microorganisms culture, positive rate was 4.0%, among which microorganisms, 15 cases were gram-positive coccus, 3 cases were gram-negative bacillus, 3 cases were gram-positive bacillus and 3 cases were fungi. Correspondingly, 3 cases were positive for liquid broth culture, positive rate was 0.5%as the gram-positive coccus. The exposure time and broth microbial culture result was statistically significant, while the exposure time and medicinal broth microorganisms culture result possesses had no statistical significance. Conclusions Inserting the puncture needle across the bottle stopper could successfully reduce the liquid drug residues in the infusion bottle (bag), however, which might also cause time-dependent microbial contamination during the exposure process in the air.
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Objective To investigate effect of standardized nutritional assessment, intervention, and monitoring on nutritional status of patients with cystic fibrosis (CF).Methods We recruited 6 consecutive patients with CF diagnosed from June 2005 to June 2015 in Peking Union Medical College Hospital, all given nutritional assessment and intervention.The clinical data and nutritional status of the patients were analyzed.Four cases were followed up, and their compliance and effect of nutritional intervention on their nutritional status were evaluated.Results The mean age of diagnosis of the patients was (19 ± 6) years.All the patients had recurrent onset of pulmonary infection and hypoxemia with varying degrees.The nutritional status was impaired in all the cases to different extent, with body mass index (BMI) of 3 patients under 20 years of age being lower than the third percentile of the standard growth curve for adolescents of the same age and sex.Mild microcytic hypochromic anemia existed in 2 cases, hypoalbuminemia in 2 cases (serum albumin ＜ 35 g/L in absence of liver or renal dysfunction), and decreased prealbumin level in 4 patients.The serum concentrations of Na, Cl, K, and Ca were approximately normal in all the 6 cases.Vitamin D level was detected in only 2 cases, all revealing vitamin D deficiency.High energy and high protein diet was suggested to all the patients, plus prescription of oral nutritional supplements for 5 patients.Diagnostic pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy (PERT) was performed in 3 patients who were suspected with exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (PI), together with fatsoluble vitamins supplementation including vitamin D3.Four CF patients were followed up for 11 to 39 months, of whom 1 was lost to follow-up after 11 months.During the follow-up period, 3 patients had progressive weight loss or growth retardation, and the other one patient failed to increase body weight.Dietary review of the 3 patients with available follow-up data revealed that actual energy intake and protein intake were only 46.1％-65.9％ and 44.1％-63.2％ of recommendation levels, respectively.By enhancing dietary education and guidance in follow-up, nutritional status of the patients was improved.Conclusion Intensive nutrition management, standardized nutritional intervention and monitoring, dietary guidance or enteral nutrition adjustment may constitute critical measures for improving nutritional status of CF patients.
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Objective To evaluate the effect of medical nutritional intervention on clinical outcome of gestational diabetes mellitus.Methods A meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials was conducted.PubMed, EMBASE, OVID, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and Chinese WanFang Database were searched for the literatures related to the effect of medical nutritional intervention on clinical outcome of gestational diabetes mellitus from January 2005 to January 2015.At the same time, manual searching and reference review were conducted.Strict screening of the searched literatures was performed based on inclusion and exclusion criteria.All the included trials were divided into two groups based on whether the intervention involved insulin or not.The tool which Cochrane Handbook recommended was used to assess the risk of bias for included literatures.All the studies were graded and extracted by two researchers independently after reading research method in detail.Meta-analysis was conducted using RevMan5.2 software.The effect of medical nutritional intervention was described in terms of fasting blood glucose, birth body mass, and incidences of macrosomia, cesarean section, postpartum glucose intolerance and neonatal long-term chronic disease.Results Totally 27 trials were found, of which 13 met the inclusion and exclusion criteria.1 trial was excluded because the outcomes were using different sample sizes, and finally 12 trials were included in the final meta-analysis, involving 1 392 patients.Among the 12 included trials, 7 only administered nutritional intervention, while the other 5 added insulin with nutritional intervention.The results showed that in the nutritional intervention group, medical nutritional intervention decreased the incidence of macrosomia [risk difference (RD) :-0.35, 95％ CI:-0.55--0.15, P ＜ 0.001, 1 trial], birth body mass [mean difference (MD) :-581.27, 95％ CI:-790.32--372.22, P ＜ 0.001, 2 trials], the rate of cesarean section (RD:-0.40, 95％ CI:-0.58--0.21, P＜0.001, 2 trials), fasting blood glucose (MD:-0.32, 95％ CI:-0.59--0.06, P =0.02, 5 trials), and the incidence of postpartum glucose intolerance (RD:-0.34, 95 ％ CI:-0.44--0.23, P ＜0.001, 1 trial).However, in the multiple intervention group (nutritional intervention plus insulin), no significant differences were shown in the incidence of macrosomia (RD:-0.02, 95％ CI:-0.07-0.03, P=0.39, 3 trials), birth body mass (MD: 86.06, 95％ CI:-104.97-277.09, P=0.38,2 trials) , the rate of cesarean section (RD: 0.02, 95％ CI:-0.05-0.08, P =0.64, 5 trials) , and fasting blood glucose (MD:-0.03, 95％ CI:-0.16-0.11, P =0.71, 3 trials).Conclusion Medical nutritional intervention may be a protective measure against gestational diabetes mellitus, which could help to maintain serum glucose levels within the normal range and improve maternal and neonatal outcomes.
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Objective To investigate the expression of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and p53 up-regulated modulator of apoptosis (PUMA) in acute lung injury (ALI) induced by severe acute pancreatitis (SAP), and the therapeutic role of proline dithiocarbamate (PDTC). Method SD rats weighed 200～ 250 g were randomly(random number) divided into sham operation group (A group, n = 18), ALI group (B group, n = 18) and PDTC treatment group (C group, n = 18). The model of SAP was eastablished by injecting 1 mL/kg of sodium tauarocholate into the pancreatic capsule of the rats in B group and C group. The model rats in C group were treated with PDTC one hour after modeling. Six rats of each group were sacrificed 6 h,12 h, and 24 hours after modeling. The histopathological changes in lung and pancreas were observed. The levels of NF-κB p65 and PUMA in lung were detected by using Western blotting, and the expressions of bcl-2, bax and caspase-3 mRNA in the lung were detected by using RT-PCR. The lung tissue was taken for examination under transmission electron microscope. TUNEL was used for detection of apoptotic alveolar epithelial cells. Results Six to 24 hours after modeling, the pathological scores in lung of ALI group were significantly higher than those of control group and PDTC group after sodium taurocholate injection ( P ＜ 0.05). The levels of NF-κB p65 and PUMA, and the expressions of bax and caspase3 mRNA in ALI group at different intervals were higher than those in control group and PDTC group ( P ＜ 0.05),whereas the expression of bcl-2 mRNA in ALI group was lower than that in control group and PDTC group ( P ＜0.05). The NF-κB p65 was correlated closely and positively with PUMA ( r= 0.987, P ＜ 0.01). Higher activity of caspase-3 acrtive units was seen in ALI group than that in control group and PDTC group ( P ＜ 0.05). The microvilli disappeared in ALI group 24 hours later. The apoptosis index in ALI group was higher than that in control group and PDTC group ( P ＜ 0.05). Conclusions The apoptosis of alveolar epithelial cells of rats in ALI group is caused by PUMA activated by NF-κB. PDTC treatment can inhibit apoptosis of alveolar epithelial cells of rats in ALI group by inhibiting the activation of NF-κB.
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Objective: To explore the association of the serum levels of cytokine IL-10 with the occurrence of cachexia from patients with low-third gastric cancer. Methods: Radioimmunoassay was used to examine the serum levels of IL-10 in 150 patients with low-third gastric cancer and 135 healthy controls. Results: The serum levels of IL-10 were significantly higher in patients with low-third gastric cancer than controls(Z=-11.862, P<0.01). The serum levels of IL-10 were significantly higher in patients with low-third gastric cancer of clinical stageⅢ/Ⅳ than those with clinical stageⅠ/Ⅱ(Z=-10.028, P<0.01). The serum levels of IL-10 were significantly higher in patients with cachexia than those without(Z=-10.369, P<0.01). Logistic regression analysis showed that IL-10 was associated with odds ratios of 1.599 (95%CI:1.299-1.870, P<0.01) for cachexia. Conclusion: The serum levels of IL-10 are possibly associated with the occurrence of cachexia from patients with low-third gastric cancer.
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Objective KG1This study is to evaluate defectography in postoperative defecation function of Hirschsprung′s disease (HD). KG2MethodsKG1 Between 1979 and 1993, 30 HD cases were treated operatively and followed-up by defectography. KG2ResultsKG1 Thirty cases were classified into 3 groups, according to the standard quantitative clinical scoring systems with the stooling score from 0 to 14. There were 4 cases (13%) graded as excellent (maximum score of 14) with normal bowel habit, 21 cases (70%) as good (score between 10～13) with minor continence problems, 5 cases (16 7%) as fair (score between 5～9) with marked limitations in social life. Anorectal manometry study showed that the anal resting pressure and voluntary sphincter force (maximal queeze pressure minus resting pressure) in fair group were significantly lower than that in control group( P
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AIM:To observe the therapeutic effect of dihydromyricetin on experimental schistosoma japonicum hepatic fibrosis in mice. METHODS:60 mice infected with schistosma japonicum cercariae percutanoeusly were divided into 3 groups:model group,praziquantel group, praziquantel plus dihydromyricetin group and other 20 normal mice were used as control group.After treatment with medicine for 8 weeks,the liver was removed and weighed.The contents of ALT and AST in serum were assayed using the corresponding kits.Moreover, the degree of hepatic fibrosis was observed Via HE and was scored.The expression of collagenⅠprotein and collagenⅢprotein were measured by immunohistochernical method.RESULTS: The mice that infected with schistosoma japonicum, had a featuring increment in liver weights,serum ALT,AST contents,the expression of collagenⅠprotein,collagenⅢprotein (P