A dosimetric study of 3D-printed individual phantom in intensity modulated radiation therapy plan for chest / 中国医学装备

Objective:To make an individual phantom that was printed by using three dimension(3D)technique,which could reflect the real situation of patient,and to analyze the computed tomography(CT)value and dose distribution of radiotherapy on each organ of the inside of the 3D-printed individual phantom.Methods:According to the localization of CT image of the patient,the empty shell of 3D structure of each organ were reconstructed and printed by using 3D technique.The CT value was used as basis to select the equivalent material of each organ to perform fill,which could obtain the individual phantom of chest that could appear the structural characteristics of patient.The treatment plan of patients were included in treatment plan group,and the plans which were transplanted to 3D-printed individual phantom from treatment plan of patients were included in phantom plan group.The dosimetric parameters of the plans of two groups were compared.Results:The average CT values of left and right lung,soft tissue,cancellous bone,compact bone and heart of the phantom plan group were respectively-709,-737,14,144,760 and 28 HU.The errors of the all CT values between phantom images and located images of patients were less than 16.7%.The exposure doses of normal tissues of radiotherapy plans on the images of two groups could meet the clinical requirements.The minimum dose(Dmin),mean dose(Dmean),the corresponding doses of 98%,50% and 2% target volumes(D98%,D50% and D2%),conformity index(CI),homogeneity index(HI),monitor unit(MU)of dosimetric parameters of the target region could meet the clinical requirements without statistically significant differences.There was significant differences in the maximum dose(Dmax)of the target region(t=2.678,P＜0.05).Among of these Dmax values,the Dmax value of phantom plan group was larger,which was(56.97±0.32)Gy.Conclusion:The CT value,tissue structure and spatial distribution of the phantom,which is finally designed,can emulate the chest of human body in radiotherapy.It has verified the feasibility that 3D-printed phantom is applied in measuring dose in the quality assurance of radiotherapy.

Experimental analysis of clinical applicability of homemade in homogeneous phantom / 中国辐射卫生

@#<b>Objective</b> To conduct experimental analysis of clinical applicability of a homemade phantom which is equivalent to multiple tissue densities of human body. <b>Methods</b> Materials with densities close to bone, lung, cavity, and soft tissue were manufactured and combined to obtain a homemade in homogeneous phantom. The electron density of equivalent materials was compared with the organs. Ten lung cancer patients in our department were recruited for dose verification of intensity modulated radiation therapy in the homemade phantom and solid-water phantom. The two phantoms were compared for characteristics in dose verification, and the dosimetric differences of the homemade phantom between the calculated values on treatment planning systemand measured values were statistically analyzed by SPSS 21.0 software. <b>Results</b> In the dose verification, the gamma pass rates (3 mm/3%) were more than 90% using both the homemade phantom and solid-water phantom. The measured values in homemade phantom were larger than those in solid-water phantom, and the maximum deviation was 11.5%. The AD and RD values of gamma pass rate in dose verification showed no significant differences between the two phantoms (<i>P</i> > 0.05). <b>Conclusion</b> The homemade phantom meets the accuracy requirement of clinical application and can be used in dose verification of intensity modulated radiation therapy plan.

MRI features of peliosis hepatis / 中华放射学杂志

Objective To investigate the MRI features of peliosis hepatis (PH).Methods Nine patients with pathologically proven PH were retrospectively included.Plain scan and contrast-enhanced MRI of the abdomen were performed on all patients before operation.All clinical,pathological and MR imaging data of patients were collected.The MR image analysis of the lesion included the number,location,size,shape,lesion margins,signal intensity,and enhancement pattern.Results Eleven lesions were detected in 9 patients,with 10 lesions in the right lobe of the liver and 1 lesion in the left lobe.The maximum diameter of the 11 lesions was 0.7 cm to 8.8 cm (mean 3.7 cm).All 11 lesions were round or oval in the shape.Seven lesions had clear boundaries and 4 lesions had blurred boundaries.Signal intensity of 2 lesions were homogeneous,while 9 lesions had heterogenous signal intensity on plain san.Ten lesions showed slightly hypointense on T1WI,slightly hyperintense on T2WI and mildly progressive enhancement.These lesions were weakly enhanced and showed slight cluster-like mild enhancement in the arterial phase.The enhancement scope of the lesions gradually filled into the interior in the portal vein phase and the signal intensity was slightly higher than liver in delay phase.One lesion showed hypointense on T1WI and hyperintensity on T2WI.After the enhancement,the lesion was evenly enhanced and showed continuous enhancement.On DWI,11 lesions were slightly hyperintense.The signal intensity of 9 lesions were equal to that of the liver,and the signal intensity of the 2 lesions was slightly higher than that of the liver on the ADC map.Conclusion MRI signs of PH have certain characteristics,which can help diagnosis and differential diagnosis.

Construction of Innovative Ability Training System of Applied Talents for Pharmacy Major in Local Colleges / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for local colleges to cultivate innovative ability of applied talents for pharmacy major.METHODS:With innovative thinking,innovative methods and innovative practice ability training as the starting points,the cultivation of students' innovative ability permeated all aspects of the teaching process mainly through optimizing the curriculum system,deepening the teaching reform,strengthening the project-driven and expanding the practice platform construction.RESULTS:The TMP trinity pharmacy professional applied talents innovation ability training system was constructed through adjusting curriculum system and credit ratio,strengthening the setting of humanities course,establishing professional core,professional refinement and professional extension courses,increasing the proportion of elective course,deepening the teaching reform from four aspects of teaching,learning,evaluation and construction;encouraging students to compete;establishing three phase-four module multidimensional practice teaching platform.CONCLUSIONS:Established system has realized the stereoscopic creation of students' innovative thinking,diversified methods of innovation and multi-levels of innovation and practice.Students have got a coordinated development in the quality,knowledge,ability.It is helpful to improve the quality of talents cultivation in local colleges.

Alzheimer's disease and oxidative stress / 生物医学工程学杂志

Alzheimer's disease (AD) has abstracted many scientists' interests with the aging of people in the world, but its mechanisms are still remaining unclear. This review will focus on some of the mediators of oxidative stress occurring in AD pathology and their possible role in the AD pathogenesis. Meanwhile, antioxidant approaches for the prevention and treatment of AD are discussed.

Gene expression significance of beta-catenin, p53 and PCNA in PJS polyposis / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the significance of beta -catenin, p53 and PCNA in PJS harmatoma.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Paraffin sections of 29 hamartomas of 18 patient with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome, 19 patients with colorectal mucosa and 10 persons with normal mucosa were examined using LSAB. Positive cells were detected under light microscope.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All 10 persons with normal mucosa showed p53 negative and beta - catenin positive. The beta - catenin protein was predominantly localized to the plasma membrane. PCNA index (PI) in normal mucosa was 10.56 +/- 7.51. The PI of hamartoma and cancer was 44.57 +/- 21.15 and 32.96 +/- 18.88. The PI of the two groups was significantly higher than that of the normal group. In hamartoma, the positive cells were mainly located in the low 1/3 part of the mucous glands. The positive rate of p53 was 24.1% (7/29) in hamartomatouspolyps and 57.9% (11/19) in colorectal carcinoma (chi(2) = 5.581, P < 0.05). Abnormal expression rate of beta- catenin in colorectal carcinoma was 73.7% (14/19) and 41.3% (12/29) in hamartomatous polyps. Some epithelial cells showed nuclear localization of beta- catenin and concentration of cytoplasm. (chi(2) = 4.825, P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The proliferation activity of hamartomatous polyps increased significantly by multifactory interaction. p53 and beta- catenin play a role in the early stage of hamartoma- adenoma-carcinoma sequence but have a different mechanism in inducing colorectal cancer.</p>

Idiopathic chronic colonic pseudo-obstruction / 中国普通外科杂志

Objective To investigate the diagnosis and treatment of idiopathic chronic colonic pseudo-obstruction(ICCPO). MethodsIn this study 69 patients admitted for “constipation” were finally found falling into one of the 4 groups: 11 cases of outlet obstructive constipation, 16 cases of slow transit constipation, 26 cases of mixed type, and 16 of ICCPO. ResultsThe main symptoms of these 16 ICCPO cases were intractable constipation, compared with that in other entities ICCPO tends to affect patients at younger age, with shorter clinical course, and often needs surgical intervention due to intractable bowel obstruction, usually total colectomy. ConclusionsICCPO, STC and mixed constipation are different clinical entities. The differentiation of ICCPO from other entities is sometimes very difficult especially when patients are suffering from acute onset of bowel obstruction.

CLINICAL STUDY ON ANORECTAL MANOMETRY / 中国普外基础与临床杂志

Objective To evaluate the clinical appliance and significance of the technique of anorectal manometry. Methdos Different ways of anorectal manometry, domain of its appliance and its clinical appliance was summarized and reviewed. Results The technique of anorectal manometry not only has important value on the study of analrectal pathology and physiology, but also can be associated with other examinations to manage biofeedback therapy, diagnose all kinds of anorectal diseases and evaluate anorectal function. Conclusion Anorectal manometry is a safe, simple, harmless and impersonal examination technique. It is necessary in the examination of analrectal function, in the diagnosis and treatment of anolrectal diseases.

Modified Sheng Operation in treating proctoptosis in adults:a report of 13 cases / 中国普通外科杂志

Objective To explore the effect of the modified Sheng operation for adult proctoptosis Methods The modified Sheng operation was performed on 13 adult patients with whole proctoptosis. The average 3.5 years postoperative follow-up was done. Results 12 case were cured(12/13). one case was obvionsly improved (1/13). Conclusions The modified Sheng operation is a satisfactory procedure in treating adult proctoptosis. It does not only treat rectum and tedious sigmoid , but also correct the parenteral factor ,such as pelvic floor hernia , uterine compression etc.