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Objective:To analyze the surveillance data of Kashin-Beck disease (KBD) in Shandong Province, master the changes of KBD, and provide scientific basis for formulating prevention and control strategies of KBD and adjustment of the prevention and control focus of KBD.Methods:According to the requirements of the "National KBD Monitoring Plan" and the "Shandong KBD Monitoring Plan", from 2016 to 2020, the disease monitoring was carried out in the villages of KBD areas in Shandong Province, including the number of clinical positive cases, the number of X-ray positive cases, and the number of metaphyseal positive cases. The detection rate was calculated, and the dynamic changes of the disease was analyzed macroscopically.Results:From 2016 to 2020, a total of 1 816 children aged 7 - 12 years were clinically examined in Shandong Province, and no child with KBD was found. A total of 1 224 children were examined by X-ray, among which 1 positive patient was found in 2016 and 2017, respectively, both of whom were metaphyseal changes, with a total detection rate of 0.16%. There were 367 adult patients with KBD in Shandong Province, including 304 patients with grade Ⅰ, 47 patients with grade Ⅱ and 16 patients with grade Ⅲ. All villages in the KBD areas in Shandong Province had reached the elimination standard, with the elimination rate of 100%.Conclusion:No clinical case of KBD is detected in children aged 7 - 12 years in Shandong Province from 2016 to 2020, which has reached the elimination standard and is in a continuous elimination state.
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Objective:To evaluate the value of bedside ultrasound in evaluating volume responsiveness of patients with septic shock.Methods:A total of 102 patients with septic shock admitted to ICU of the First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University from April 2018 to February 2021 were selected. Patients were divided into response group and non-response group according to the value of stroke volume increase (ΔSV) after volume loading test (VE), and the hemodynamic parameters before and after VE were compared between the two groups. Pearson correlation was used to analyze the relationship between ΔSV and hemodynamic indexes. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn to analyze the sensitivity and specificity of each hemodynamic index in evaluating volumetric reactivity in patients with septic shock.Results:Of the 102 patients, 54 responded and 48 did not. Before VE, the distensibility index of inferior vena cava (ΔIVC 1), espiratory variability index of inferior vena cava (ΔIVC 2), respiratory variability of aortic peak velocity (ΔVpeak AO), brachial artery maximum velocity variability (ΔVpeak BA) and respiratory rate of peak flow velocity of femoral artery (ΔVpeak CFA) in response group were higher than those in non-response group (all P<0.05), but there was no statistical significance in heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP) and central venous pressure (CVP) between 2 groups (all P>0.05). After VE, the HR, ΔIVC 1, ΔIVC 2, ΔVpeak AO, ΔVpeak BA and ΔVpeak CFA in response group were significantly decreased, while MAP and CVP were significantly increased (all P<0.05). The CVP was significantly decreased in the non-response group ( P<0.05), while other indexes were not significantly changed. Before VE, the ΔIVC 1, ΔIVC 2, ΔVpeak AO, ΔVpeak BA and ΔVpeak CFA were positively correlated with ΔSV ( r=0.589, 0.647, 0.697, 0.621, 0.766; all P<0.05). There was no correlation between CVP and ΔSV ( r=-0.345, P>0.05). Before VE, the area under the curve of ΔIVC 1, ΔIVC 2, ΔVpeak AO, ΔVpeak BA and ΔVpeak CFA were all >0.7, indicating high sensitivity and specificity. Conclusions:Bedside ultrasound monitoring ΔIVC, ΔVpeak AO, ΔVpeak BA and ΔVpeak CFA can better evaluate the volume response of patients with septic shock, and can provide a reference basis for clinical fluid resuscitation treatment.
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Objective:To evaluate the effect of Huwang-Mingmu Decoction combined with calcium dobesilate capsules in the treatment of diabetic retinopathy (DR). Methods:A total of 80 DR patients who met the inclusion criteria in Taizhou Hospital of TCM from January 2017 to December 2018 were included, and were divided into two groups according to random number table method, 40 in each group. The control group was treated with calcium dobesilate capsules, and the observation group was treated with Huwang-Mingmu Decoction based on the control group. Both of the two groups were treated for 30 days. The TCM symptoms were scored before and after the treatment, fasting blood glucose (FPG), postprandial 2 h blood glucose (2 hPG), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbAlc) were measured by automatic biochemical analyzer, serum interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), human intercellular adhesion molecule1 (ICAM-1) were detected by ELISA, the gray value of the visual field and the hemorrhagic plaque area were measured by the projection visual field tester, the macular thickness was measured by the optical coherence tomography, and the ocular hemangioma volume was measured by the X-ray computed tomography, and the clinical effect was evaluated. Results:The total clinical effective rate of the observation group and the control group was 95.00% (38/40) and 80.00% (32/40) respectively of, the difference between the two groups was statistically significant ( χ2=4.114, P=0.043). The scores of the primary symptoms and secondary symptoms in the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group ( t values were 68.305 and 9.687, respectively, all Ps<0.001). The FPG, 2 hPG and HbAlc in the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group ( t values were 4.888, 3.007 and 7.183, respectively, all Ps<0.01). The gray value of the visual field (1.41% ± 0.17% vs. 2.55% ± 0.24%, t=24.515), macular thickness (308.85 ± 9.43 μm vs. 358.51 ± 13.24 μm, t=19.322), hemorrhagic plaque area (1.10 ± 0.35 mm 2vs. 2.03 ± 0.44 mm 2, t=10.462) and hemangioma volume (11.02 ± 1.94 μm 3vs. 14.11 ± 2.11 μm 3, t=6.818) in the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group ( P<0.01). The serum levels of IL-6, TNF-α and ICAM-1 in the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group ( t values were 32.261, 19.467 and 37.713, respectively, all Ps<0.001). No serious adverse reactions occurred during the treatment period of the two groups. Conclusions:The Huwang-Mingmu Decoction combined with calcium dobesilate capsules is effective in the treatment of DR. It can improve the vision and relieve clinical symptoms of DR patients, decrease the level of blood glucose and inflammatory cytokines, and improve the clinical effect.
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Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of Yiqi-Huoxue-Tongmai Decoction combined with conventional western medicine therapy in the treatment of diabetic lower extremity arteriosclerosis obliterans. Methods:A total of 80 patients with diabetic lower extremity arteriosclerosis obliterans in Taizhou Hospital of TCM from March 2017 to March 2019 who met the inclusion criteria were divided into the control group of 39 cases and study group of 41 cases, by random number table method. The control group was treated by intravenous injection of alprostadil injection and oral cilostazol tablets, and the study group was given Yiqi-Huoxue-Tongmai Decoction on the basis of the control group. Both groups were treated for 1 month. Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and 2 hPG content were measured by glucose oxidase method, the TNF-α, IL-1 and hypersensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) were measured by immunoturbidimetric method. Plasma viscosity and whole blood viscosity were measured by viscometer. Fibrinogen (Fib) level was measured by microcalorimetry. ESR was measured by Wintrobe method. The diameter of dorsalis pedis artery and superficial femoral artery, blood flow and peak velocity were measured by color doppler ultrasound, and adverse reactions were recorded, and the clinical efficacy was evaluated. Results:The total effective rate of the study group was 90.2% (37/41) and that of the control group was 71.8% (28/39). The difference between the two groups was statistically significant ( χ2=4.466, P=0.035). After treatment, the levels of FPG, 2 hPG, TNF-α, IL-1 and hs-CRP in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group ( t values were 6.113, 4.180, 7.655, 2.825, 2.534, respectively, P<0.01 or P<0.05); the plasma viscosity, whole blood viscosity, Fib and ESR were significantly lower than those in the control group ( t values were 5.649, 9.894, 15.280, 3.455, respectively, all Ps<0.01). After treatment, the vessel diameter of the superficial femoral artery and dorsalis pedis artery ( t values were 4.184, 4.415, respectively) and blood flow ( t values were 2.253, 7.859, respectively) in the study group were significantly higher than those in the control group ( P<0.01 or P<0.05), and the peak flow velocity was significantly lower than that of the control group ( t=6.346, 6.427, P<0.01). Conclusions:Yiqi-Huoxue-Tongmai Decoction combined with conventional western medicine therapy can improve the blood glucose level and hypercoagulable state of patients with diabetic lower extremity arteriosclerosis obliterans, as well as the blood flow velocity and blood flow of superficial femoral artery and dorsal foot artery.
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Objective@#Understanding mental health status of students with learning disabilities in Beijing to provide a basis for mental health promotion of students with learning disabilities.@*Methods@#By means of random cluster sampling, 5 787 enrolled students in grade one and grade two of 11 public junior middle schools in Beijing were selected as the survey subjects. A self designed questionnaire was used to investigate the students’ learning disabilities and mental health status through anonymous self filling.@*Results@#About 11.6% students self reported learning disabilities. The proportions of students with learning difficulty in mathematical reasoning and calculation were higher, 44.1% and 40.7% respectively. The reported rate of mental health problems was 38.3%. The top four of the 10 symptoms were obsessive compulsive symptoms, learning pressure, emotional instability and anxiety(2.19±0.77)(2.17±0.99)(2.09±0.90)(2.07±1.08). Compared with students without learning disabilities, students with self reported learning disabilities had poorer mental health status(OR=1.47), and learning disabilities were related to most factors of mental health. Different types of learning disabilities were associated with different mental health factors.@*Conclusion@#Mental health problems of students with learning disabilities are higher than that of students without learning disabilities. It is necessary to strengthen the mental health support for students with learning disabilities and improve their mental health.
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Objective To understand the defluoridation effect in the historical severe endemic fluorosis areas of Shandong Province,and to analyze characteristics of children's dental fluorosis and related factors.Methods In 2015,using cross-sectional survey,11 villages in historical severe endemic fluorosis counties were selected for water fluoride test according to previous investigation of endemic diseases in Shandong Province.In which,4 normal water fluoride villages,4 excessive water fluoride villages and 3 villages without water improvement were included.Dental fluorosis in children aged 7 to 12 was examined and urine fluoride was measured.Logistic regression was used to analyze the related factors affecting the detection rate of dental fluorosis.Results A total of 732 children aged 7 to 12 were examined,with total detection rate of dental fluorosis 73.2％ (536/732).The detection rate of dental fluorosis was 31.0％ (65/210),86.7％ (176/203) and 92.5％ (295/319) in the villages with normal,excessive and without water improvement villages,respectively.And the differences were statistically significant (x2 =270.498,P ＜ 0.01).The prevalence of dental fluorosis in girls (77.4％,264/341) was significantly higher than that in boys (69.6％,272/391,x2 =5.337,P ＜ 0.05),and the dental fluorosis prevalence in elderly group (10-12 years old,76.9％,382/497) was higher than that of younger group (7-9 years old,65.5％,154/235),the difference was statistically significant (x2 =10.445,P ＜ 0.05).In water fluoride normal villages,the detection rate of dental fluorosis in girls (40.0％,36/90) was higher than that in boys (24.2％,29/120,x2 =6.033,P ＜ 0.05).In water fluoride unqualified villages,the dental fluorosis prevalence rates in boys and girls were 89.7％ (243/271) and 90.8％ (228/251),and the difference was not statistically significant (x2 =0.202,P ＞ 0.05).The urinary fluoride content of children with dental fluorosis was higher than that of non-fluorosis children [(4.5 ± 2.7) vs (1.9 ± 1.5) mg/L,t =-8.125,P ＜ 0.01].Logistic analysis showed that the risk of children's dental fluorosis in unqualified water fluoride village was 14.362 times high than that of normal water fluoride villages.The risk of dental fluorosis in children with high urinary fluoride was 2.497 times higher than that in normal urinary fluoride group.The risk of detecting moderate and severe fluorosis in children in the elderly group was 2.270 times higher than that in the younger group.The risk of detecting moderate and severe dental fluorosis in girls was 1.988 times higher than that in boys.The risk of detecting moderate and severe dental fluorosis in children in unqualified water fluoride villages was 49.190 times higher than that in normal water fluoride villages.Conclusions Water-quality-improvement project is an effective means to control the epidemic of dental fluorosis in children in severe fluorosis areas.Age,gender and water fluoride are influencing factors associated with dental fluorosis.
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Objective To explore the the characteristics of non-motor symptoms of essential tremor(ET).Methods Totally 50 ET patients and 45 age-gender-matched healthy volunteers,admitted in Department of Neurology,The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine from May 2015 to April 2016,were included.Clinical data and tremor analyses under different postures were obtained.The non-motor symptoms were evaluated using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI),Hamilton anxiety scale(HAMA),Hamilton's Depression Scale(HAMD),and the MOS item short from health survey (SF-36).Cognitive functions were evaluated by the Minimental state examination(MMSE).Results ET group had lower MMSE total score of (25.81 ±2.75 vs.28.16 ± 1.71),increased rate of dyssomnia (62.0％ vs.15.6％) and higher PQSI score (6.42±2.71 vs.3.84±2.13)compared with the control group(all P＜0.05).Moreover,more patients in the ET group had moderate and severe anxiety(60.0 ％ vs.37.8 ％),moderate and severe depression (34.0％ vs.15.6％)than the control group(both P ＜ 0.05).Anxiety and depression had effects on physical and mental health and were also related to the quality of life.Conclusions Non-motor symptoms,such as mild cognitive deficits,depression,anxiety and dyssomnia are common in ET patients.Furthermore,depression and anxiety have negative effects on physical and mental health.
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Objective To investigate the changes in cognitive function in patients with early Parkinson's disease (PD) in a 5-year follow-up.Methods A total of 181 PD and 173 normal participants were recruited between January 2009 and January 2012 at the Department of Neurology,the Second Hospital of Jiaxing City.Regression analysis was used to evaluate the risk factors of cognitive impairment,and changes in subdomains of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) were compared annually with baseline data.Results Baseline clinical data were similar between the two groups.The level of cognitive impairment was positively correlated to the age of onset and the Hamilton Anxiety Scale (H AMD) (t =3.326,P＜ 0.05;t =5.211,P＜0.01),and negatively correlated to education level (t=-2.505,P＜0.05).There were no statistical differences in the first (26.5 ± 2.6),second (26.3±3.2) and third year (25.9±2.9) in the total scores of MoCA,which significantly increased in the forth (24.4 ± 2.3,P＜0.05) and fifth (24.1 ± 1.2,P＜0.05) year compared with baseline levels (26.7±2.9).However,in the control group,differences between any two years in total scores were not statistically significant (all P＞0.05).Seven subdomains of MoCA were attenuated,and four of them were significant different between the groups,including delayed recall,attention,abstraction task and orientation after the forth year of follow-up (all P ＜ 0.05).Meanwhile,visuospatial execution capacity was attenuated before the third year,and then rose markedly (P＜0.05).In the control group,the between-year differences of seven subdomains were not statistically significant (all P＞0.05).Conclusions Cognitive function of PD patients decreases significantly in some domains,such as delayed recall,attention,abstraction task and orientation after a five-year followup.
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Objective To investigate the endemic fluorosis of drinking water type in 3 counties in the northwest of Shandong Province,and to provide scientific basis for prevention and control of endemic fluorosis.Methods Seven villages in 3 counties of Ningjin,Xiajin and Wucheng were investigated to achieve the results including fluoride of drinking water,8-12 year-old children's dental fluorosis incidence rate,the fluoride of urine,prevalence of skeletal fluorosis by clinical and X-ray diagnosis in adults over 30-year old,and the bone mineral density.At the same time,set up a control point to detect the adult bone density in non-ward village of each investigated county,The water and urine fluoride were checked by selective electrode method,dental fluorosis was diagnosed by Dean method (WS/T 208-2011) and the diagnosis of adult fluorosis was performed in accordance with the diagnostic criteria of endemic fluorosis (WS 192-2008),and bone mineral density was measured by EXA-3000.Results The villages in Ningjin and Wucheng had finished defluoridation,where the water fluoride was at normal level.In the 7 villages,the total detection rate of 8-12 year-old children's dental fluorosis was 85.09％ (411/483),dental fluorosis index was 1.88;the dental fluorosis detection rate in Wucheng,Xiajin and Ningjin was 92.48％ (295/319),88.76％ (79/89) and 49.33％ (35/75),respectively,the difference was statistically significant (x2 =90.26,P ＜ 0.01).The average urine fluoride geometric mean of children (206) and adults (298) was 3.29 and 3.41 mg/L,respectively.The urine fluoride of Xiajin was the highest in the 3 counties,and the average urine fluoride geometric mean of the two groups was as high as 5.11 and 6.30 mg/L,respectively.The total detection rate of clinical and radiographic skeletal fluorosis in adults was 30.07％ (92/306) and 14.38％ (44/306),respectively.The osteoporosis detection rate of adults in endemic fluorosis area and non-endemic fluorosis area was 33.11％ (100/302) and 8.99％ (17/189),respectively.The difference was statistically significant (x2 =37.25,P ＜ 0.01);the average bone mineral density in endemic area and non-endemic area was 0.416 and 0.475 g/cm2,respectively,the difference was statistically significant (t =8.508,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions The endemic fluorosis in the 3 counties in the northwest of Shandong Province is still existed.The defluoridation has not been completed in Xiajin County.Therefore,it is necessary to implement defluoridation measures of the drinking water as soon as possible and strengthen the water fluoride monitoring so as to prevent and control endemic fluorosis.
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Objective To observe the electrocardiogram (ECG) of urban residents in non-endemic areas of Keshan disease in Ji'nan City,Shandong Province,and to provide scientific basis for health evaluation and prevention and control of Keshan disease.Methods From July 2014 to June 2015,ECGs of residents undertaken healthy examination in Shandong Ciming Physical Examination Center were collected,retrospective analysis was used to analyze residents' heart health.Statistical analysis was conducted according to sex and age groups,and the diagnosis of ECG was based on Concise Pediatric Electrocardiogram and Clinical Electrocardiography.Results Totally 31 753 ECGs were recorded,including 18 664 males accounting for 58.8％ and 13 089 females accounting for 41.2％,who were aged 6-78 years old,including 304 people 6-20 years old,18 861 people 21-40 years old,10 451 people 41-60 years old,and 2 137 people 61-78 years old.Totally 27 699 normal ECG (87.2％) and 4 054 abnormal ECG (12.8％) were detected,there were 2 212 males and 1 842 females in the abnormal ECG,the detection rates were 11.9％ (2 212/18 664) and 14.1％ (1 842/13 089) for males and females,respectively.The detection rate of female was significantly higher than that of male (x2 =34.082,P ＜ 0.01).The detection rate of ST-T change in abnormal ECG was the highest,which was 316.5/10 000 (1 005/31 753),men and women were 273.3/10 000 (510/18 664) and 378.2/10 000 (495/13 089),respectively.The detection rate of arrhythmia was 4.8％ (1 523/31 753),including 1 023 males and 500 females,and their detection rate of arrhythmia was 548.1/10 000 (1 023/18 664) and 382.0/10 000 (500/13 089),respectively.In arrhythmia,degree Ⅰ atrioventricular block (155.3/10 000,493/31 753),complete rightbundle branch block (81.6/10 000,259/31 753),ventricular premature beats (79.0/10 000,251/31 753),and atrial premature beats (48.2/10 000,153/31 753) had higher detection rates.Conclusion The detection rate of women of urban residents in Ji'nan is higher than that of men,the most common abnormal ECG is ST-T change,and the detection rate of arrhythmia is low.
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Objective To analyze the clinical features of Parkinson's disease (PD) combined with chronic pain in the elderly.Methods A total of 366 idiopathic PD patients experiencing pain were enrolled and divided into two groups:the elderly group (n=289) and the young group (n=77).Rating scales including Visual Analogue Scale (VAS),Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS),Hoehn Yahr (H-Y) Scale,Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS),Self rating Depression Scale (SDS) and Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) were evaluated.Results Compared with the young group,the elderly group had evidently higher scores of UPDRSⅡ,Ⅱ,Ⅳ,H-Y Scale,VAS as well as five sub-items of BPI including daily living,working,sleeping,walking ability and social communication [(13.7±5.3) vs.(12.3±6.3),(27.3±12.9)vs.(23.3±9.6),(2.3±2.2)vs.(1.7±1.3),(2.4± 1.0)vs.(2.1±0.9),(63.3±25.6)vs.(56.6±25.0),(5.3±2.7)vs.(4.6±2.7),(5.9±3.2)vs.(5.1±2.8),(6.3±2.5)vs.(5.6±2.6),(4.7±3.1)vs.(3.8±2.0),(3.2±2.1)vs.(2.6±2.5),t=1.976,2.539,2.287,2.381,2.050,2.021,1.997,2.165,2.420,2.134,respectively,all P＜0.05].No significant differences were found in SAS,SDS or other sub-items of BPI such as life pleasure and mood scores between the two groups (all P＞0.05).Compared with the young group,patients in the elderly group had a higher ratio of two or more pain types associated with PD[41.2％ (119/299)vs.23.4％ (18/77),x2=8.190,P＜0.05],but a lower ratio of pain-related treatment [29.76％ (86/299)vs.51.95％ (40/77),x2=13.260,P＜0.05].Conclusions Pain in elderlyPD patients is more severe,shows more diverse types,and significantly aftects the quality of life.Enhanced intervention is needed.
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Objective To prospectively explore the impact of hypocalcemia on the prognostic value of intracerebral hemorrhage.Methods A total of 410 patients consecutively admitted within 12 hours after intracerebral hemorrhage onset were divided into 3 groups based on admission serum calcium:low serum calcium group,normal serum calcium group and high serum calcium group.Baseline characteristics of patients including age,gender,Glasgow coma score(GCS),hematoma volume,etc were collected and analyzed.A follow-up was performed after 6 months.Final outcome was assessed using Glasgow outcome scale(GOS)with a score＞3 regarded as favourable prognosis,a score≤3 as unfavourable prognosis.Results Patients with low serum calcium had lower GOS,bigger hematoma volume,higher rate of operation,higher re-bleeding rate,more unfavourable prognosis than did the other 2 serum calcium groups.Multivariable Logistic regression analysis showed that patients with low serum calcium had poorer prognosis than patients with normal serum calcium after adjusting for other potential confounders(Odds ratio:3.01,95％ confidence interval:1.06-6.12,P＜0.05).Conclusions Hypocalcemia is an independent risk factor for the prognosis of patients with intracerebral hemorrhage.
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OBJECTIVE@#To study the feasibility and the generalizability of the Remote fitting models of hearing AIDS from primary hospitals.@*METHOD@#we comparative analyzed the speech recognition scores and satisfaction of 45 cases with traditional hearing AID fitting and with a hearing aid remote test respectively.@*RESULT@#45 cases were analyzed in each group, including traditional hearing AID fitting model and remote test, and 35 recovered in traditional fitting model group, and the recovery rate was 77.8%; Remote fitting model rehabilitation 42 cases, recovery rate was 93.3%, the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). In 6 weekend wear hearing AIDS, traditional fitting model of speech recognition rate increased by 19.40% on average, the average distance fitting model speech recognition rate increases by 27.47%, the average distance fitting model than traditional fitting the speech recognition rate increased significantly more (8.07%). Effect of hearing aid international questionnaire results suggest: 45 cases using traditional model fitting hearing AIDS patients, 33 cases (73.3%) satisfaction, 12 cases (26.7%) patients after use. Remote and 45 cases of using hearing AIDS fitting model, satisfied with 40 cases (88.9%), 5 cases (11.1%) patients after use.@*CONCLUSION@#the curative effect and the satisfaction of remote fitting models of hearing AIDS on hearing impairment are better than that in patients with traditional fitting models. Therefore it is more worthy of clinical application especially in basic level hospitals.
Тема - темы
Humans , Audiometry , Hearing Aids , Hearing Loss , Rehabilitation , Hearing Tests , Patient Satisfaction , Remote Consultation , Speech Perception , Surveys and QuestionnairesРеферат
Objective To investigate the fluoride content in drinking water as well as the current status of endemic fluorosis in 5 counties of Shandong Province,in order to provide a scientific basis for making prevention and control strategies.Methods According to the survey data of fluoride content in drinking water in Shandong Province between 2005 to 2007,an epidemiological investigation was carried out in Mudan,Jiaxiang,Wucheng,Pingdu and Boxing Counties from September to November 2013.The fluoride content in drinking water and urine and dental fluorosis of children aged 8 to 12 were investigated in 3-4 major survey villages selected in the five counties.The fluoride content in drinking water was detected by fluoride ion selective electrode method,and dental fluorosis was diagnosed by Deans method.Results Fifty-eight drinking water samples were investigated in 16 villages of the five counties.Water fluorine content in Wucheng,Mudan,Pingdu,Boxing and Jiaxiang counties was 4.14,3.84,1.83,1.33 and 0.43 mg/L,respectively.There were 4 counties' fluorine content exceeding the national standard (1.20 mg/L) except Jiaxiang County.The exceeding rate was 100％ in Wucheng and Mudan counties.Urine fluorine content of 320 children aged 8 to 12 in Wucheng,Mudan,Boxing,Pingdu and Jiaxiang counties was 4.51,4.62,1.82,1.30,1.01 mg/L respectively;the total detection rate of dental fluorosis of 574 children was 61.85％ (355/574),the rate of dental damage was 12.89％ (74/574),and dental fluorosis index was 1.27;the detection rate of dental fluorosis in Wucheng,Mudan,Boxing,Pingdu and Jiaxiang Counties was 90.18％ (101/112),97.73％ (86/88),62.22％ (84/135),54.90％ (28/51) and 29.79％ (56/188),respectively.Conclusions The exceeding rate of water fluorine content is very high in 5 counties of severe endenic fluorosis areas in Shandong Province.The urinary fluorine level of the population is still high and the prevalence of dental fluorosis of children is high.Endemic fluorosis in Shandong Province has not yet been effectively controlled,control situation is still grim.
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Objective To detect the expression of human endogeneous retrovirus family W env1 (HERVWE1) in placentas of normal pregnant women and patients with preeclampsia and explore its role in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia.Methods Fifty-two cases of placental tissues provided by Shandong Maternity Hospital were from iodine deficiency areas (county or city:.Zhangqu, Changqing, Pingyin) of Shandong Province, including 30 cases of preeclampsia placentas as case group, 22 cases of normal term pregnancy placentas as control group.The mRNA expression of HERVWE1, human chorionic somator mammotropin (HCS), chorionic specific transcription factor (GCMa) and amino acyl carrier 2 (ASCT-2) in placentas of the two groups were determined by real-time PCR, and the protein expression of HERVWE1 was determined by Western blotting.Results The mRNA expression levels of HERVWE1 (0.149 ± 0.045 vs.0.409 ± 0.028) and HCS (336.600 ± 50.100 vs.815.600 ± 101.300) in placentas of patients with preeclampsia were significantly lower than those in the control group (t =25.60, 20.40,all P ＜ 0.05).There were no significant difference in GCMa (0.022 ± 0.007 vs.0.024 ± 0.009) and ASCT-2 (0.423 ± 0.050 vs.0.438 ± 0.060) between the two groups (t =0.87, 0.95, all P ＞ 0.05);Western blotting analysis showed that expression of HERVWE1 protein (0.340 ± 0.010 vs.0.580 ± 0.010) in placentas of the case group was lower than that in normal pregnant women (t =85.50, P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The expression of HERVWE1 is significantly decreased in placentas of the case group and is associated with pathogenesis of preeclampsia.
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Objective To evaluate the photo quality of X-ray films of endemic fluorosis in Shandong Province,and to provide a basis for correct implementation of X-ray examination.Methods Three villages were selected as survey sites in each of the 20 endemic fluorosis counties (cities,districts) of Shandong Province;anteroposterior X-ray films of the villagers forearm(including elbow) and leg(including knee) were taken; 20 films were taken in each village,each film comprising two recording sites.X-ray examination carried out in the 42 patients' villages of 14 counties(cities,districts) were undertaken by the Institute for Endemic Disease Control,Shandong Province,a total of 840 X-ray films shoot,which was edited group A,and the remaining six counties (cities,districts) were undertaken by the local Hospital,shooting X-ray films 360 copies,compiled for group B.The quality of X-ray film examination was determined in accordance with technical requirements and diagnostic indicators.The difference of photo quality between group A and group B was compared at three levels:sub-surface defects photos,structural defects and comprehensive quality.Results In evaluation of surface defects in the photo,the total detection rate of the defects indicators in group A of forearm was 7.98％(67/840),while the rate of leg was 9.77％(82/840).And the rates of group B were 35.27％(127/360) and 39.16％(141/360),respectively,and the differences were statistically significant between the two groups(x2forearm=138.6,P ＜ 0.01 ; x2leg =144.0,P ＜ 0.01).In assessment of structural defects,the total forearm defection rate of group A was 7.14％(60/840),and the leg was 8.33％ (70/840).And the rates of group B were 27.22％ (98/360) and 31.38％ (113/360),respectively.The differences were statistically significant(x2forearm =88.867,P ＜ 0.01; x2leg =103.6,P ＜ 0.01).In the photo quality comprehensive assessment,the excellent rate of forearm in group A was 72.73％(611/840),and the leg was 71.67％ (602/840),while the poor quality rates in the same parts were 9.89％ (83/840) and 11.43％ (96/840),respectively.And the excellent rates of Group B were 44.14％(159/360) and 42.22％(152/360),poor quality rates were 34.74％(125/360) and 38.06％(137/360).The differences were statistically significant(Z value were-20.161 and-16.229,respectively,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions X-ray films taken in the counties (cities,districts) have more defects,and image is poor.The reason for that is that the skill levels of local hospital X-ray technician are low,and photos quality is not strictly followed requirements.Supervision team of professional technicians should be established to provide professional supports.It is more important to take mobile X-ray examination by the provincial institutes,and to provide a reliable technical support.
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Objective To investigate the impact of early enteral nutrition on the prognosis of severe head injury patients.Methods According to the different nutritional therapy,160 cases of severe craniocerebral injury patients were randomly divided into two groups using random digit.Two groups of patients were all given similarly conventional methods,the observation group were given early enteral nutrition therapy,the control group were given routine nutrition.CD3+,CD4+,IgE,IgG immune factors were observed after treatment for 10d.Results 10d later,the serum IgG,IgM,IgA in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the conventional nutrition group(t =2.18,3.42,11.23,all P ＜ 0.05),IgE was significantly lower than that in the conventional nutrition group (t =4.76,P ＜ 0.05) ;The serum T-lymphocyte subsets CD3+,CD4+ level in the observation group were higher than those in the conventional nutrition group(t =21.41,5.38,all P ＜ 0.05),the incidence of complications of the observation group was 23.75%,which was significantly lower than 55.00% in the conventional nutrition group(x2 =4.73,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Early enteral nutrition therapy can significantly improve the immunity of severe head injury patients,reduce complications,thereby improve the prognosis and the patient's quality of life.
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Objective To analyze the assessment results of external quality control and network operation of urinary iodine in local laboratories of Shandong Province,to evaluate the ability of consistent analysis; and to provide a reliable laboratory quality assurance for epidemiological surveillance and control of iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) and reliable decision-making.Methods Z-scores of the assessment results of external quality control of urinary iodine in local laboratories of Shandong Province were analyzed from 2000-2013.Results The feedback rate of urinary iodine in local laboratories of ShandongProvince was 100.0％ from 2000-2013; the qualified rate was 100.0％(14/14),100.0％(14/14),92.9％(13/14),100.0％(14/14),92.9％(13/14),100.0％ (14/14),100.0％ (14/14),100.0％ (14/14),92.9％ (13/14),100.0％ (17/17),100.0％ (17/17),94.1％ (16/17),100.0％ (17/17),and 100.0％ (17/17),respectively.The total qualified rate of Z-scores between Zs in local laboratories was 100.0％ (214/214)and within Zs was 98.6％ (211/214).Conclusion The test abilities of urinary iodine in local laboratories of Shandong Province are steady; the overall results are satisfactory,but some laboratories need to improve.
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Objective To explore the influence of immune and nutrition therapy on the rehabilitation of patients with severe traumatic brain injury.Methods According to the different nutritional therapy,80 patients with severe traumatic brain injury were divided into the control group and observation group,each group 40 cases.The patients of the two groups were all given similarly conventional methods,and the observation group were given immune nutrition therapy,the control group were given routine nutrition therapy.After 14d,30d treattnent,nutritional status of the two groups were observed.Barthel Index,Fugl-Meyer score of the two groups of patients and recovery of neurological function were compared 3 months after treatment.Results After treatment,ALB and TF increased significantly (t =5.75,6.38,1.27,2.63,all P ＜ 0.05) ；ALB and TF in the observation group 14 d and 30 d after treatment were significantly higher than those of the control group (t =11.26,6.53,1.27,1.68,all P ＜ 0.05).After 3 months of treatment between the two groups,the clinical efficacy of the observation group was 60.00％,which was better than that of control group(37.50％) (χ2 =9.67,P ＜ 0.05),the differences of Barthel Index and,Fugl-Meyer score were statistically significant (t =3.24,2.88,all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The immune and nutritional therapy can significantly promote the neurological function recovery of patients with severe traumatic brain injury,so as to improve the prognosis and the patients's quality of life.
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Objective To explore the interference effect of drinking green tea on patients with primary kidney disease syndrome. Methods 200 cases of patients with normal kidney function and also accepted initial treatment of primary kidney disease syndrome were divided into the research group(102cases) and the control group (98 cases) at random. The research group adopted normal nursing, hormone medicine treatment and also drank green tea as nursing measure, but the control group used normal medical treatment and hormone only. The change of blood sugar, blood fat and hemodynamics and relapse rate of kidney disease syndrome were observed in two groups one year later. Results A variety of indexes of the blood sugar, blood fat and hemodynamics in patients of the research group were better than the patients of the control group one year later. The relapse rate of the research group was 11.76%, the control group was 28.57%, the difference was statistically different. Conclusions Drinking green tea can improve the food treatment effect of patients suffered from primary kidney disease syndrome so as to reduce the recrudescent rate effectively and improve life quality of patients suffered from primary kidney disease syndrome.