Establishment of inflammatory model induced by Pseudorabies virus infection in mice

Background@#Pseudorabies virus (PRV) infection leads to high mortality in swine. Despite extensive efforts, effective treatments against PRV infection are limited. Furthermore, the inflammatory response induced by PRV strain GXLB-2013 is unclear. @*Objectives@#Our study aimed to investigate the inflammatory response induced by PRV strain GXLB-2013, establish an inflammation model to elucidate the pathogenesis of PRV infection further, and develop effective drugs against PRV infection. @*Methods@#Kunming mice were infected intramuscularly with medium, LPS, and different doses of PRV-GXLB-2013. Viral spread and histopathological damage to brain, spleen, and lung were determined at 7 days post-infection (dpi). Immune organ indices, levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitric oxide (NO), and inflammatory cytokines, as well as levels of activity of COX-2 and iNOS were determined at 4, 7, and 14 dpi. @*Results@#At 105 –106 TCID50 PRV produced obviously neurological symptoms and 100% mortality in mice. Viral antigens were detectable in kidney, heart, lung, liver, spleen, and brain. In addition, inflammatory injuries were apparent in brain, spleen, and lung of PRVinfected mice. Moreover, PRV induced increases in immune organ indices, ROS and NO levels, activity of COX-2 and iNOS, and the content of key pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, interferon-γ and MCP-1. Among the tested doses, 10 2 TCID 50 of PRV produced a significant inflammatory mediator increase. @*Conclusions@#An inflammatory model induced by PRV infection was established in mice, and 102 TCID50 PRV was considered as the best concentration for the establishment of the model.

Establishment of inflammatory model induced by Pseudorabies virus infection in mice

Background@#Pseudorabies virus (PRV) infection leads to high mortality in swine. Despite extensive efforts, effective treatments against PRV infection are limited. Furthermore, the inflammatory response induced by PRV strain GXLB-2013 is unclear. @*Objectives@#Our study aimed to investigate the inflammatory response induced by PRV strain GXLB-2013, establish an inflammation model to elucidate the pathogenesis of PRV infection further, and develop effective drugs against PRV infection. @*Methods@#Kunming mice were infected intramuscularly with medium, LPS, and different doses of PRV-GXLB-2013. Viral spread and histopathological damage to brain, spleen, and lung were determined at 7 days post-infection (dpi). Immune organ indices, levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitric oxide (NO), and inflammatory cytokines, as well as levels of activity of COX-2 and iNOS were determined at 4, 7, and 14 dpi. @*Results@#At 105 –106 TCID50 PRV produced obviously neurological symptoms and 100% mortality in mice. Viral antigens were detectable in kidney, heart, lung, liver, spleen, and brain. In addition, inflammatory injuries were apparent in brain, spleen, and lung of PRVinfected mice. Moreover, PRV induced increases in immune organ indices, ROS and NO levels, activity of COX-2 and iNOS, and the content of key pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, interferon-γ and MCP-1. Among the tested doses, 10 2 TCID 50 of PRV produced a significant inflammatory mediator increase. @*Conclusions@#An inflammatory model induced by PRV infection was established in mice, and 102 TCID50 PRV was considered as the best concentration for the establishment of the model.

Bibliometric analysis on the clinical researches of tumor treated with acupuncture-moxibustion on the base of PubMed database / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To analyze the literature characteristics of the clinical researches on tumor treatment with acupuncture-moxibustion in PubMed database so as to provide the references for the study of acupuncture-moxibusion in intervention of tumor.@*METHODS@#The articles on the clinical researches of acupuncture-moxibusion in treatment of tumor were retrieved from PubMed database listed till December 31, 2018. Using bibliometric methodology, the analysis was conducted on publication year, publication journal, author, country or region, research institution, disease spectrum and therapeutic regimen.@*RESULTS@#A total of 143 articles are included. The publications are increased steadily since 2004. The articles are published in 64 international journals, of which, @*CONCLUSION@#Acupuncture-moxibustion is quite extensively involved in the treatment of tumor in the field of nervous (mental) system and digestive system. But the regimen of acupuncture- moxibustion needs to be further optimized and promoted.

Analysis of 123 Cases of Forensic Psychiatry Testimony of Individuals Suspected of Road Traffic Offences / 法医学杂志

Objective To explore the characteristics of individuals with mental disorders suspected of road traffic offences and to find their differences from normal offenders, in order to regulate mental disorder patients' driving activities and prevent road traffic offences. Methods One hundred and twenty-three cases of forensic psychiatry testimony of individuals suspected of road traffic offences between 2014 and 2019 from the West China Forensic Center of Sichuan Province were collected. Fisher exact probability test was used to compare the differences between offenders with mental disorders and without mental disorders in terms of demographic characteristics, criminological characteristics, psychiatric characteristics and criminal responsibilities. Results There was no statistical significance in the differences of demographic characteristics, vehicles and kinds of alcohol between the two groups （P>0.05）. The main type of road traffic related crimes committed by offenders with mental disorders was risky driving and were mainly evaluated as partial criminal responsibility, whereas most offenders without mental disorders committed crime of causing traffic casualties and all were evaluated as full criminal responsibility. There was statistical significance in the differences of the types of crime and the criminal responsibility rating between the two groups （P<0.05）. Meanwhile, patients with mental disorders were characterized by long course of disease and irregular treatment, and individuals diagnosed as having mental disorders caused by psychoactive substances accounted for a large proportion. Conclusion There are differences in the characteristics of road traffic-related crimes between mental disorder patients and normal people. It is of great practical significance for reducing road traffic offences to evaluate whether the individuals with mental disorders are fit for driving.

Effect of herbal tongxinluo on thrombus formation and neointimalhyperplasia of the balloon injured rabbit peripheral arteries / 中国临床药理学与治疗学

Aim The effect of herbal tongxinluo on the thrombus formation and neointimal hyperplasia of the balloon injured rabbit abdominal aorta and iliac artery was observed.Methods 36 New zealand rabbits were divided randomly into 3 groups:tongxinluo group (16 rabbits);aspirin group(11 rabbits) and control group(9 rabbits). The rabbits were treated with herb tongxinluo 0.38 g?kg-1?d-1, aspirin 50 mg?kg-1?d-1 and 0.09% natrium chloride 10 ml?d-1 alternatively. The arterial injury model was made 1 week after taking the medicine and the injured segments were taken at 24 hours,1 week or 1 month after the procedure, then the samples were stained by hematoxylin and eosin. The thrombus formation and the neointimal hyperplasia of the injured arteries were observed under microscope. Results The arterial neointimal hyperplasia was seen in both abdominal aorta and iliac artery 24 hours and 7 days after the balloon injury in each group, which led to stenosis in 5%～40% of the arterial lumen, the neointimal hyperplasia was much more significant in 2 rabbits 1 month after the balloon injury. The ratio of the arteries with thrombosis in aspirin group was less than that in the other 2 groups, but the difference was not significant. The ratio of neointimal hyperplasia in tongxinluo group was significantly less than that in aspirin and control groups. Conclusion The balloon injured rabbit abdominal aorta and iliac artery appeare to be an ideal model in researching restenosis after percutaneous transluminar coronary angioplasty (PTCA) . Herbal Tongxinluo significantly inhibit the neointimal hyperplasia of the balloon injured rabbit peripheral arteries, which indicate that herbal Tongxinluo might be a promising medicine in preventing restenosis.