Alcohol consumption and the risk of lung cancer in males: a prospective cohort study / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective: To investigate the association between alcohol consumption and lung cancer risk in Chinese males. Methods: Information on alcohol consumption and outcomes were collected on a biennial basis among males in Kailuan Cohort (2006-2015). In addition, electronic databases of hospitals affiliated to Kailuan Community, Insurance Systems of Kailuan Community and Tangshan were also used for supplementary information retrieval. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to evaluate the hazard ratio (HR) and 95%CI of baseline frequency and type of alcohol consumption associated with lung cancer risk in males. Non-drinkers were used as control group. Results: A total of 101 751 males were included and 913 new lung cancer cases were identified in the Kailuan male cohort study, with a total follow-up time of 808 146.56 person-years and a median follow-up time of 8.88 years by 31 December 2015. After adjusting for potential confounding factors, the HR of former drinkers, occasional drinkers (<1/day) and drinkers (≥1/day) were 1.30 (95%CI: 0.90-1.88), 0.80 (95%CI: 0.64-1.01) and 1.04 (95%CI: 0.85-1.27), respectively, compared with non-drinkers. In addition, drinking beer/red wine (HR=0.91, 95%CI: 0.69-1.20) and white wine (HR=0.99, 95%CI: 0.83-1.19) showed no significant association with lung cancer. The results were similar when stratified analysis were conducted. Conclusion: Our study results don't support the hypothesis that alcohol consumption is significantly associated with the risk of lung cancer in males.

The Role of Consolidation Chemoradiotherapy in Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer Receiving Chemotherapy: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis / Journal of the Korean Cancer Association, 대한암학회지

PURPOSE: The role of consolidation chemoradiation (CCRT) after systemic chemotherapy in locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC) is still controversial. We aim to evaluate the effectiveness of CCRT in LAPC using systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Prospective clinical trials of LAPC receiving chemotherapy with or without subsequent CCRT were included in the analysis. We systematically searched in PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, and Web of Science. The primary outcome of interest was 1-year survival. Secondary end-points were median overall survival, progression-free survival, toxicity, and resection rate. RESULTS: Forty-one studies with 49 study arms were included with a total of 1,018 patients receiving CCRT after induction chemotherapy (ICT) and 954 patients receiving chemotherapy alone. CCRT after ICT did not improve 1-year survival significantly in LAPC patients compared with chemotherapy alone (58% vs. 52%). ICT lasted for at least 3 months revealed significantly improved survival of additional CCRT to LAPC patients compared to chemotherapy alone (65% vs. 52%). A marginal survival benefit of consolidation CCRT was noted in studies using maintenance chemotherapy (59% vs. 52%), and fluorouracil-based CCRT (64% vs. 52%), as well as in studies conducted after the 2010 (64% vs. 55%). CONCLUSION: The survival benefit of ICT+CCRT over chemotherapy alone in treating LAPC was noted when ICT lasted for at least 3 months. Fluorouracil-based CCRT, and maintenance chemotherapy were associated with improved clinical outcomes.

Orthotopic neobladder reconstruction

Orthotopic neobladder reconstruction is becoming an increasingly common urinary diversion following cystectomy for bladder cancer. This is in recognition of the potential benefits of neobladder surgery over creation of an ileal conduit related to quality of life [QoL], such as avoiding the need to form a stoma with its cosmetic, psychological and other potential complications. The PubMed database was searched using relevant search terms for articles published electronically between January 1994 and April 2014. Full-text articles in English or with English translation were assessed for relevance to the topic before being included in the review. Patients with neobladders have comparable or better post operative sexual function than those with ileal conduits. They also have comparable QoL to those with ileal conduits. Orthotopic neobladder is a good alternative to ileal conduit in suitable patients who do not want a stoma and are motivated to comply with neobladder training. However, the selection of a neobladder as the urinary diversion of choice requires that patients have good renal and liver functions and are likely to be compliant with neobladder training. With benefits also come potential risks of neobladder formation. These include electrolyte abnormalities and nocturnal incontinence. This short review highlights current aspects of neobladder formation and its potential advantages

Needle tract seeding following percutaneous biopsy of renal cell carcinoma

A 66-year-old man underwent computed tomography-guided needle biopsy of a suspicious renal mass. Two months later he underwent partial nephrectomy. Histology revealed a 30-mm clear cell renal cell carcinoma, up to Fuhrman grade 3. An area of the capsule was interrupted, which corresponded to a hemorrhagic area on the cortical surface. Under microscopy, this area showed a tongue of tumor tissue protruding through the renal capsule. A tumor deposit was found in the perinephric fat. These features suggest that tumor seeding may have occurred during the needle biopsy.

Prevalence of schistosoma intercalatum and S. haematobium infection among primary schoolchildren in capital areas of democratic republic of Sao Tome and principe, west Africa

A parasitological survey of Schistosoma haematobium and S. intercalatum infection among primary schoolchildren in capital area of Democratic Republic of Sao Tom‚ and Pr¡ncipe [DRSTP] was undertaken. Subjects with positive infection were confirmed by the detection of S. haematobium ova in the urine or S. intercalatum ova in the stool by using centrifugation concentration or merthiolate-iodineformalin concentration method. Totally, 252 urine and stool samples, respectively, were obtained from apparently healthy schoolchildren, of which 121 from boys [9.8 +/- 1.4 yr] and 131 from girls [9.7 +/- 1.3 yr]. None of participating schoolchildren were found having S. haematobium ova in the urinary specimen. While, among 4 primary schools studied, only schoolchildren from Saint Mar‡al were detected with S. intercalatum ova in the fecal specimen, making the overall prevalence of S. intercalatum infection among schoolchildren was 2.4% [6/252] and girls had insignificantly higher prevalence [3.1%, 4/131] than that [1.7%, 2/121] in boys [chi [2] = 0.5, P = 0.5]. Water control and sanitation as well as snails eliminated by molluscicides are urgently needed to reduce S. intercalatum infection in DRSTP inhabitants

Radiological Analysis of the Proximal Femoral Geometry in Korean Adults and the Design of the Cementless Femoral Stem / 대한정형외과학회잡지

We analyzed the endosteal morphology of the proximal femur in 300 Korean adults radiologically and assessed the proximal canal filling of the cementless anatomic stem in 100 patients with imaging analysis system. The cases were divided in six groups, according to age by the decades. The canal flare indices were 4.20, 3.82, 3.47, 3.40, 3.34 for each age group from third to eighty decades respectively. The shape of proximal cannal in the 300 cases, showed 234 cases(78%) to be normal, while 30 cases(10%) in the Stovepipe configuration and 36 cases(12%) in the Champagne flute appearance. The proximal canal filling rate in an AP view radiologically measured from the level of the lesser trochanter to 2cm distal to the lesser trochanter in 100 patients with cementless anatomic stem were s follow : 60 to 69% range in 9 cases(9%), 70 to 79% in 58 cases(58%), 80 to 89% in 31 cases(31%) and 90 to 100% in 2 cases(2%). With regard to the suitability of cementless femoral components, anatomic fitting, distal fitting, proximal fitting, undersized stem were 66%, 23%, 5%, 6%, respectively. It is difficult to achieve the optimal anatomic fitting to the femoral cannal with one design of the cementless femoral stem, because of the greater variation of proximal femoral anatomy in normal population.

Title Genetics in heart diseases

No abstract available.

Title Genetics in heart diseases

No abstract available.