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@#[摘 要] 目的:探讨人参皂苷Rb1(Gn-Rb1)对肝细胞癌(HCC)HepG2细胞氧死亡的影响及其可能的分子机制。方法:采用生物信息学方法分析氧死亡的关键基因PGAM5表达对HCC患者生存期的影响。选取辽宁省肿瘤医院收治的8例HCC患者的HCC组织与癌旁组织,通过WB法及qPCR检测氧死亡相关基因蛋白与mRNA的表达情况。将HepG2细胞随机分为对照组与Gn-Rb1组(予以200 μmol/L Gn-Rb1干预),采用细胞克隆形成实验、划痕愈合实验分别检测Gn-Rb1对HepG2细胞的集落形成能力、迁移能力的影响,ELISA检测对细胞ROS生成水平的影响,微板法检测对细胞LDH释放水平的影响;WB法、qPCR法检测Gn-Rb1对HepG2氧死亡关键基因蛋白质与mRNA水平表达的影响。结果:生物信息学分析发现,PGAM5高表达肝癌患者总生存时间较低表达患者更长(P<0.05)。在临床HCC组织与癌旁组织样本中发现,相较于癌旁组织,在蛋白质与mRNA水平上,肿瘤组织KEAP1与PGAM5表达显著降低,NRF2表达显著升高(均P<0.01),p-AIFM1蛋白水平显著升高(P<0.05)。对HepG2细胞予以200 μmol/L Gn-Rb1干预后,相较于对照组,Gn-Rb1组HepG2细胞的迁移能力与集落形成能力显著降低(均P<0.01),而LDH水平显著升高(P<0.05);相比于对照组,在mRNA和蛋白质水平上,Gn-Rb1组细胞中KEAP1、PGAM5表达均显著升高而NRF2表达均显著降低(均P<0.05),p-AIFM1蛋白表达显著降低(P<0.01)。结论:HCC组织中氧死亡被抑制,而Gn-Rb1能够通过调控KEAP1/PGAM5/AIFM1通路促进HepG2细胞氧死亡的发生,抑制细胞增殖和迁移能力。
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The aim of this study is to explore the mechanism of ligustilide, the main active constituent of essential oils of traditional Chinese medicine Angelicae Sinensis Radix, on alleviating oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion(OGD/R) injury in PC12 cells from the perspective of ferroptosis. OGD/R was induced in vitro, and 12 h after ligustilide addition during reperfusion, cell viability was detected by cell counting kit-8(CCK-8) assay. DCFH-DA staining was used to detect the level of intracellular reactive oxygen species(ROS). Western blot was employed to detect the expression of ferroptosis-related proteins, glutathione peroxidase 4(GPX4), transferrin receptor 1(TFR1), and solute carrier family 7 member 11(SLC7A11), and ferritinophagy-related proteins, nuclear receptor coactivator 4(NCOA4), ferritin heavy chain 1(FTH1), and microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3(LC3). The fluorescence intensity of LC3 protein was analyzed by immunofluorescence staining. The content of glutathione(GSH), malondialdehyde(MDA), and Fe was detected by chemiluminescent immunoassay. The effect of ligustilide on ferroptosis was observed by overexpression of NCOA4 gene. The results showed that ligustilide increased the viability of PC12 cells damaged by OGD/R, inhibited the release of ROS, reduced the content of Fe and MDA and the expression of TFR1, NCOA4, and LC3, and improved the content of GSH and the expression of GPX4, SLC7A11, and FTH1 compared with OGD/R group. After overexpression of the key protein NCOA4 in ferritinophagy, the inhibitory effect of ligustilide on ferroptosis was partially reversed, indicating that ligustilide may alleviate OGD/R injury of PC12 cells by blocking ferritinophagy and then inhibiting ferroptosis. The mechanism by which ligustilide reduced OGD/R injury in PC12 cells is that it suppressed the ferroptosis involved in ferritinophagy.
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Animals , Rats , PC12 Cells , Ferroptosis/genetics , Reactive Oxygen Species , Transcription Factors , GlutathioneРеферат
ABSTRACT Introduction: Exercise is the most effective way to improve physical fitness. One can achieve the effect of wellness and fitness through scientific exercise. Running is a relatively common method of physical exercise. It plays a significant role in improving physical fitness. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of lower extremity movements during running. The results of this study may provide better exercise planning for runners. Methods: This paper selects several runners as the research subject. The subjects started running after attaching a motion detector sensor patch to their body. Then, this paper collected kinematic data. The kinematic data includes the joint angles and range of motion (ROM) of the hip, knee, and ankle joints. Results: There was no significant difference in the distribution of peak tibial acceleration, plantar pressure, and maximum pressure of athletes under different track materials (P>0.05). There was a significant age difference between the hip and knee joints of the athletes in the overhead stage (P<0.05). Conclusion: There may not be a necessary connection between ground and lower limb impact in running athletes. Through its adjustment, the human body can dampen the load effect of the foot contact surface. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.
RESUMO Introdução: O exercício físico é a forma mais eficaz de melhorar a aptidão física. Pode-se alcançar o efeito do bem-estar e da boa forma física por meio da prática de exercícios físicos. A corrida é um método relativamente comum de exercício físico. Ele desempenha um papel significativo na melhora da aptidão física. Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivo investigar as características dos movimentos das extremidades inferiores durante a corrida. Os resultados deste estudo podem proporcionar melhores planejamentos de exercícios para os corredores. Métodos: Este trabalho seleciona vários corredores como o objeto de pesquisa. Os sujeitos começaram a correr após anexar um adesivo com sensor detector de movimento em seu corpo. Em seguida, este trabalho coletou dados cinemáticos. Os dados cinemáticos incluem os ângulos articulares e a amplitude de movimento (ROM) das articulações do quadril, joelho e tornozelo. Resultados: Não houve diferença significativa na distribuição do pico de aceleração tibial, pressão plantar e pressão máxima dos atletas sob diferentes materiais de pista (P>0,05). Houve uma diferença de idade significativa entre as articulações do quadril e do joelho dos atletas na etapa aérea (P<0,05). Conclusão: Pode não haver uma conexão necessária entre o solo e o impacto dos membros inferiores em atletas de corrida. Através de seu ajuste, o corpo humano pode amortecer o efeito de carga da superfície de contato com o pé. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos - investigação dos resultados do tratamento.
RESUMEN Introducción: El ejercicio físico es la forma más eficaz de mejorar la forma física. Se puede conseguir el efecto de bienestar y de puesta en forma a través del ejercicio físico. Correr es un método de ejercicio físico relativamente común. Desempeña un papel importante en la mejora de la condición física. Objetivo: Este estudio tiene como objetivo investigar las características de los movimientos de las extremidades inferiores durante la carrera. Los resultados de este estudio pueden proporcionar una mejor planificación del ejercicio para los corredores. Métodos: Este trabajo selecciona a varios corredores como objeto de investigación. Los sujetos empezaron a correr tras colocarse un parche sensor de movimiento en el cuerpo. A continuación, este trabajo recogió datos cinemáticos. Los datos cinemáticos incluyen los ángulos articulares y la amplitud de movimiento (ROM) de las articulaciones de la cadera, la rodilla y el tobillo. Resultados: No hubo diferencias significativas en la distribución de la aceleración tibial máxima, la presión plantar y la presión máxima de los atletas con diferentes materiales de pista (P>0,05). Hubo una diferencia de edad significativa entre las articulaciones de la cadera y la rodilla de los atletas en la etapa de sobrecarga (P<0,05). Conclusión: Puede que no exista una conexión necesaria entre el impacto en el suelo y en las extremidades inferiores en los atletas que corren. Mediante su ajuste, el cuerpo humano puede amortiguar el efecto de carga de la superficie de contacto del pie. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos - investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.
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Abstract This study focused on the effect and mechanism of Notch signal on pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (PMVECs) following acute lung injury. PMVECs were cultured in vitro and randomly divided into eight groups. Grouping was based on whether cells were co-cultured with T cells (splenic CD4+T cells were isolated using MACS microbeads) and the level of Notch expression: Normal group and Normal+T cells group, Model group and Model+T cells group, Notch low-expression group and Notch low-expression+T cells group, and Notch overexpression group and Notch overexpression+T cells group. Except for the Normal group and Normal+T cells group, all other groups were treated with 500 μL lipopolysaccharide (1 μg/mL). The expression of VE-cadherin and Zo-1 protein in the Model group (with or without T cells) was lower than that in the normal group (with or without T cells), their expression in the Notch low-expression group (with or without T cells) was significantly increased, and their expression in the Notch overexpression group (with or without T cells) was significantly decreased. Compared with the normal+T cells group, the number of Treg cells in the Notch low-expression+T cells group decreased significantly (P<0.01). The number of Th17 cells in the Notch overexpression+T cells group was higher than that in the Model+T cells group (P<0.01), while the number of Treg cells decreased (P<0.01). Our results demonstrated that activated Notch signal can down-regulate the expression of the tight junction proteins VE-Cadherin and Zo-1 in PMVECs and affect Th17/Treg immune imbalance. Autophagy was discovered to be involved in this process.
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SUMMARY: This study aimed to accurately localize the location and depth of the centre of the highest region of muscle spindle abundance (CHRMSA) of the triceps brachii muscle. Twenty-four adult cadavers were placed in the prone position. The curve connecting the acromion and lateral epicondyle of the humerus close to the skin was designed as the longitudinal reference line (L), and the curve connecting the lateral and the medial epicondyle of the humerus was designed as the horizontal reference line (H). Sihler's staining was used to visualize the dense intramuscular nerve region of the triceps brachii muscle. The abundance of muscle spindle was calculated after hematoxylin and eosin stain. CHRMSA was labelled by barium sulphate, and spiral computed tomography scanning and three- dimensional reconstruction were performed. Using the Syngo system, the projection points of CHRMSA on the posterior and anterior arm surface (P and P' points), the position of P points projected to the L and H lines (PL and PH points), and the depth of CHRMSA were determined. The PL of the CHRMSA of the long, medial, and lateral heads of the triceps brachii muscle were located at 34.83 %, 75.63 %, and 63.93 % of the L line, respectively, and the PH was located at 63.46 %, 69.62 %, and 56.07 % of the H line, respectively. In addition, the depth was located at 34.73 %, 35.48 %, and 35.85 % of the PP' line, respectively. These percentage values are all the means. These body surface locations and depths are suggested to be the optimal blocking targets for botulinum toxin A in the treatment of triceps brachii muscle spasticity.
RESUMEN: Este estudio tuvo como objetivo localizar con precisión la ubicación y la profundidad del centro de la región más alta del huso muscular (CHRMSA) del músculo tríceps braquial. Se colocaron veinticuatro cadáveres adultos en posición prona y se designó la curva que conecta el acromion y el epicóndilo lateral del húmero cerca de la piel como la línea de referencia longitudinal (L), y la curva que conecta los epicóndilos lateral y medial del húmero fue designada como la línea de referencia horizontal (H). Se usó la tinción de Sihler para visualizar la región nerviosa intramuscular densa del músculo tríceps braquial. La abundancia de huso muscular se calculó después de la tinción con hematoxilina y eosina. CHRMSA se marcó con sulfato de bario y se realizó una tomografía computarizada espiral y una reconstrucción tridimensional. Usando el sistema Syngo, fueron determinados los puntos de proyección de CHRMSA en la superficie posterior y anterior del brazo (puntos P y P'), la posición de los puntos P pro- yectados en las líneas L y H (puntos PL y PH) y la profundidad de CHRMSA. Los PL de la CHRMSA de las cabezas larga, medial y lateral del músculo tríceps braquial se ubicaron en el 34,83 %, 75,63 % y 63,93 % de la línea L, respectivamente, y el PH se ubicó en el 63,46 %, 69,62 %, y 56,07 % de la línea H, respectivamente. La profundidad se ubicó en el 34,73 %, 35,48 % y 35,85 % de la línea PP', respectivamente. Estos valores porcentuales son todas las medias. Se sugiere que estas ubicaciones y profundidades de la superficie corporal son los objetivos de bloqueo óptimos para la toxina botulínica A en el tratamiento de la espasticidad del músculo tríceps braquial.
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Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Muscle, Skeletal/anatomy & histology , Muscle Spasticity , Arm/innervation , Cadaver , Muscle, Skeletal/innervation , Muscle, Skeletal/diagnostic imaging , HumerusРеферат
Abstract Objective This study aimed to identify the predictors and threshold of failure in neonatal acute respiratory distress syndrome. Methods Newborns with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome aged 0-28 days and gestational age ≥36 weeks were included in the study if their cases were managed with non-extra corporal membrane oxygenation treatments. Patients were divided into two groups according to whether they died before discharge. Predictors of non-extra corporal membrane oxygenation treatment failure were sought, and the threshold of predictors was calculated. Results A total of 103 patients were included in the study. A total of 77 (74.8%) survived hospitalization and were discharged, whereas 26 (25.2%) died. Receiver operating characteristic analysis of oxygen index, pH, base excess, and combinations of these indicators demonstrated the advantage of the combination of oxygen index and base excess over the others variables regarding their predictive ability. The area under the curve for the combination of oxygen index and base excess was 0.865. When the cut-off values of oxygen index and base excess were 30.0 and −7.4, respectively, the sensitivity and specificity for predicting death were 77.0% and 84.0%, respectively. The model with base excess added a net reclassification improvement of 0.090 to the model without base excess. Conclusion The combination of oxygen index and base excess can be used as a predictor of outcomes in neonates receiving non-extra corporal membrane oxygenation treatment for acute respiratory distress syndrome. In neonates with acute respiratory distress syndrome, if oxygen index >30 and base excess <−7.4, non-extra corporal membrane oxygenation therapy is likely to lead to death.
Тема - темы
Humans , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn/therapy , Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn , Respiratory Insufficiency , Oxygen , Oxygen Inhalation TherapyРеферат
ABSTRACT Background: This study aims to explore the epidemiology, clinical profile and strain characteristics of cryptococcosis from 2013 to 2017 in a major teaching hospital in China. Methods: Trends in antifungal drug susceptibility of 217 consecutive non-repetitive cryptococcal isolates collected from patients of an university hospital in China were analyzed between 2013 and 2017. Of those, 98 isolates were conserved for identification by internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequencing and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) system. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) was used to designate molecular types. Clinical characteristics of the 98 patients with cryptococcosis during the period of 2013-2017 were retrospectively evaluated. Results: There was a trend for gradual increase in the MIC range of fluconazole was from 2013 to 2017. The conserved 98 clinical cryptococcal isolates included 97 C. neoformans and one C. gattii, and 90 (91.8%) isolates belonged to ST5 genotype VNI. Out of the 98 patients with cryptococcosis, 28 (28.6%) were HIV-infected and 32 (32.7%) had no underlying diseases. HIV-infected patients had higher mortality than HIV-uninfected patients (28.6% vs 14.3%, p = 0.147). Conclusions: Most of the patients with cryptococcosis were not HIV-infected in this study, while patients with HIV had a higher mortality. Reduced susceptibility to fluconazole was observed among C. neoformans isolates, most of them belonged to ST5 genotype VNI having an impact on the effective dose of fluconazole.
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Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Cryptococcosis/microbiology , Cryptococcosis/epidemiology , Hospitals, University/statistics & numerical data , Time Factors , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , China/epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Retrospective Studies , Statistics, Nonparametric , Cryptococcosis/drug therapy , Cryptococcus neoformans/isolation & purification , Cryptococcus neoformans/drug effects , Cryptococcus neoformans/genetics , Cryptococcus gattii/isolation & purification , Cryptococcus gattii/drug effects , Cryptococcus gattii/genetics , Multilocus Sequence Typing , Genotype , Antifungal Agents/therapeutic useРеферат
Objective@#To investigate the effects of backpackloads on forward cervical spine posture of school-age children and to provide a reference for healthy body shape.@*Methods@#Forty children aged 4-6, 7-9, 10-12 and 13-15 years were selected and randomly assigned into four groups receiving different backpack loads. Vicon infrared was used the high-speed motion capture system collects spatial coordinate data.@*Results@#The results showed that the mean value and variance of shoulder balance, hip balance and cervical spine forward angle were all higher than that of no-load state, there are significant differences among different backpack loads(P<0.05). In addition, with the increase of age, the impact of backpack on the shoulder balance of children in walking state decreases gradually,Kindergarten[(0.15±0.35)rad] was higher than the young age of primary school[(0.07±0.01)rad], the advanced age of primary school[(0.03±0.00)rad] and junior middle school[(0.01±0.00)rad], while the hip balance ability does not show a decreasing trend with the increase of age, junior middle school[(0.10±0.11)rad] was higher than the young age of primary schooll[(0.10±0.06)rad],Kindergarten[(0.10±0.01)rad] and the advanced age of primary school[(0.10±0.00)rad]. The impoct on neck posture depended on the young age of primary schooll and the advanced age of primary school, Kindergarten[(0.32±0.26)rad] was higher than junior middle school [(0.24±0.12)rad], showing a decreasing trend, but the affected degree of neck posture is obviously higher than the other two.@*Conclusion@#The primary goal of children’s backpack carrying health is to protect cervical vertebra by changing the design of children’s backpack.
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@#Objective To investigate the reliability and safety of the technique of percutaneous left ventricular transapical access guided by cardiac three dimensional CT angiography (3D-CTA) combined with echocardiography applied in structural heart defects. Methods The clinical data of 9 patients (7 males and 2 females with a median age of 50 years ranging from 43 to 64 years) with paravalvular leaks closed by percutaneous left ventricular transapical access in West China Hospital, from April 2015 to August 2018, were retrospectively analyzed. We applied preoperative cardiac 3D-CTA to define the puncture site and trace, which was established by combining with real-time guidance of transesophageal echocardiography (TEE/3D-TEE), and an occluder was deployed at the apical access point for hemostasis with real-time guidance of transthoracic echocardiography (TTE). Results The puncture needles were successfully introduced into the left ventricular cavity at one time in all patients without injury of lung tissue, coronary artery or papillary muscle. There was no occluder displacement or apex bleeding. One patient developed pleural effusion caused by intercostal artery injury. Conclusion That cardiac 3D-CTA is used to define puncture sites and trace with advantages of simplicity and repeatability. A safe access and secure exit of left ventricle can be achieved by combining with real-time guidance of echocardiography. There are acceptable technology-related complications.
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ABSTRACT Objective: The aim was to characterize blood glucose fluctuations in patients with fulminant type 1 diabetes (FT1DM) at the stable stage using continuous blood glucose monitoring systems (CGMSs). Subjects and methods: Ten patients with FT1DM and 20 patients with classic type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) (the control group) were monitored using CGMSs for 72 hours. Results: The CGMS data showed that the mean blood glucose (MBG), the standard deviation of the blood glucose (SDBG), the mean amplitude glycemic excursions (MAGE), the blood glucose areas and the percentages of blood glucose levels below 13.9 mmol/L were similar between the two groups. However, the percentage of blood glucose levels below 3.9 mmol/L was significantly higher in the FT1DM group compared to the T1DM group (p < 0.05). The minimum (Min) blood glucose level in the FT1DM group was significantly lower than that of the T1DM group (p < 0.05). Patients with FT1DM had severe dysfunction of the islet beta cells and alpha cells compared to patients with T1DM, as indicated by lower C-peptide values and higher glucagon/C-peptide values. Conclusion: In conclusion, patients with FT1DM at the stable stage were more prone to hypoglycemic episodes as recorded by CGMSs, and they had a greater association with severe dysfunction of both the beta and alpha islet cells compared to patients with T1DM.
Тема - темы
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Blood Glucose/analysis , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/blood , Reference Values , Blood Glucose/metabolism , C-Peptide/blood , Glucagon/blood , Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring/methods , Case-Control Studies , Retrospective Studies , Statistics, Nonparametric , Hypoglycemic Agents/administration & dosage , Insulin/administration & dosage , Insulin/bloodРеферат
Abstract: Introduction and aim. Hyponatremia is common in patients with decompensated cirrhosis and is associated with increased mortality. Tolvaptan, a vasopressor V2 receptor antagonist, can increase free wáter excretion, but its efficacy and safety in cirrhotic patients remain unclear. Material and methods. We studied the usage and safety of tolvaptan in cirrhotic patients in a real-life, non-randomized, multicenter prospective cohort study. Forty-nine cirrhotic patients with hyponatremia were treated with tolvaptan 15 mg daily, and 48 patients not treated with tolvaptan in the same period served as controls. Improvement in serum sodium level was defined as an increase in serum sodium from < 125 to ≥ 125 mmol/L or from 125-134 to ≥ 135 mmol/L on day 7. Results. Twenty-three (47%) patients in the tolvaptan group and 17 (35%) in the control group had normal serum sodium on day 7 (p = 0.25). Serum sodium improved in 30 (61%) patients in the tolvaptan group and 17 (35%) patients in the control group (p = 0.011). Adverse events occurred in 46-47% of patients in both groups, and tolvaptan was not associated with worsened liver function. No patient with normal serum sodium on day 7 died within 30 days of treatment, whereas 16% of those with persistent hyponatremia died (p = 0.0019). Conclusion. In conclusion, short-term tolvaptan treatment is safe and can improve serum sodium level in cirrhotic patients with hyponatremia. Normalization of serum sodium level is associated with better survival.
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Humans , Middle Aged , Aged , Sodium/blood , Benzazepines/therapeutic use , Antidiuretic Hormone Receptor Antagonists/therapeutic use , Hyponatremia/drug therapy , Liver Cirrhosis/complications , Time Factors , Benzazepines/adverse effects , Biomarkers/blood , Case-Control Studies , China , Prospective Studies , Risk Factors , Treatment Outcome , Kaplan-Meier Estimate , Antidiuretic Hormone Receptor Antagonists/adverse effects , Tolvaptan , Hyponatremia/etiology , Hyponatremia/mortality , Hyponatremia/blood , Liver Cirrhosis/diagnosis , Liver Cirrhosis/mortalityРеферат
Massage prescriptions for treating infantile anorexia in Chinese Academic Journal Full-Text Database (CNKI, 1979-2012), Chinese Scientific and Technological Journal Full-Text Database (VIP, 1989-2012) and Wanfang Database (1990-2012) were collected. By using Chinese Medicine Inheritance Auxiliary Platform (Version 2.0) Software, 286 massage prescriptions for treatment of infantile anorexia were screened involved 76 acupoints, 20 commonly used acupoints, and 57 core acupoint combinations. Infantile Tuina specific points were used as main acupoints in massage therapy for infantile anorexia, and core acupoints covered Jizhu, Pi meridian, abdomen, Nei-Bagua, Zusanli (ST36), and Ban-men.
Тема - темы
Humans , Infant , Acupuncture Points , Acupuncture Therapy , Anorexia , Therapeutics , Data Mining , Databases, Factual , Massage , Meridians , Physical Therapy Modalities , SoftwareРеферат
Some experiments indicated that there is J-shape relationship among morbidity and mortality of cardiovas-cular diseases and salt intake.Its main causes are:(1)methods of measuring sodium intake are not the same;(2) The sensitive for individual is also not the same;(3)There are influence of other dietury factors related cardiovas-cular disease.This article reviews related discuss.
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China is one of the countries abundant in hot spring resources. There are more than 4,000 hot spring resources consisting of two types: the natural hot spring and the developed hot spring. Yet, there are still many more hot spring resources to be explored and developed. To the end of 2013, there were around 1,000 hot spring tourism facilities or projects in operation. The yearly number of visitors to hot spring tourism facilities reached over 60,000,000 by the end of 2012. Although China has a long history of taking hot spring as a gift the Nature for bathing and healing, in ancient China, hot spring was never integrated into the mainstream traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), medication and practices. Thermalism and balneotherapy was introduced into China in 1920s. In 1940, Professor Chen Yanbing (1903-1996), the founder of the modern thermalism and hot spring medicine of China (thanks to Japan, Prof. Chen Yanbing used to study in medical college where he studied hot spring medicine, Keio University during 1928-1932) published a book on hot spring and medicine. It was the first book of its kind in China. In 1959, he established the first medical institute on hot spring study at the medical school of Sun Yat- Sen University, Canton province. Around the year of 1949, the concept of hot spring hospital (sanatorium) and thermalism was officially introduced into China from former Soviet Union and Eastern European socialist countries, and regarded as an important part of national healthcare system. The first hot spring sanatorium, now named Tanggangzi hot spring hospital, was soon opened in 1950, modeled after the hot spring sanatorium of Soviet Union. At its heyday of the sanatorium business in 1980s, there were more than 300 hot spring sanatoria and hospitals all over China. Under the centralized social and economical plan system during 1950s to 1980s, all the sanatoria were state-owned and state-run. When most of the sanatoria were falling down rapidly in mid 1990s, a new business model of hot spring so called hot spring tourism was rising and developing rapidly. The hot spring tourism is a new product type that consists of different kinds and sizes of indoor and outdoor hot spring pools in man-made garden or natural landscaping surroundings, and it usually combines with hotel, restaurant, massage house, theaters, KARAOKE, water park, ski field and other entertainment facilities. The main purposes that visitors come to hot springs are relaxation, social activity, entertainment and health keeping. Almost all the hot spring tourism facilities are commercially invested and operated, and none of them is integrated into social health system, or even commercial health system, thus they cannot be reimbursed at all. During 1997 to 2012, hot spring tourism developed rapidly all over the country and became the mainstay of hot spring industry in China. In 2009, China Hot Spring Tourism Association (CHSTA) was established under the China Tourism Association. Soon after the establishment, the association applied for joining FEMTEC and being approved in a short time, and became the vice chairman membership country of FEMTEC. So far, CHSTA has co-organized together with the FEMTEC through two annual congresses of FEMTEC separately held in 2008 and 2012 in China. Because of the influences of the two congresses and CHSTA’s continuing promotion, the concept of modern Thermalism especially balneotherapy and climatology has been widely accepted by scholars, professionals, investors and managers from the whole hot spring industry.
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China is one of the countries abundant in hot spring resources. There are more than 4,000 hot spring resources consisting of two types: the natural hot spring and the developed hot spring. Yet, there are still many more hot spring resources to be explored and developed. <BR> To the end of 2013, there were around 1,000 hot spring tourism facilities or projects in operation. The yearly number of visitors to hot spring tourism facilities reached over 60,000,000 by the end of 2012.<BR> Although China has a long history of taking hot spring as a gift the Nature for bathing and healing, in ancient China, hot spring was never integrated into the mainstream traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), medication and practices.<BR> Thermalism and balneotherapy was introduced into China in 1920s.<BR> In 1940, Professor Chen Yanbing (1903-1996), the founder of the modern thermalism and hot spring medicine of China (thanks to Japan, Prof. Chen Yanbing used to study in medical college where he studied hot spring medicine, Keio University during 1928-1932) published a book on hot spring and medicine. It was the first book of its kind in China. In 1959, he established the first medical institute on hot spring study at the medical school of Sun Yat- Sen University, Canton province.<BR> Around the year of 1949, the concept of hot spring hospital (sanatorium) and thermalism was officially introduced into China from former Soviet Union and Eastern European socialist countries, and regarded as an important part of national healthcare system. The first hot spring sanatorium, now named Tanggangzi hot spring hospital, was soon opened in 1950, modeled after the hot spring sanatorium of Soviet Union.<BR> At its heyday of the sanatorium business in 1980s, there were more than 300 hot spring sanatoria and hospitals all over China. Under the centralized social and economical plan system during 1950s to 1980s, all the sanatoria were state-owned and state-run.<BR> When most of the sanatoria were falling down rapidly in mid 1990s, a new business model of hot spring so called hot spring tourism was rising and developing rapidly.<BR> The hot spring tourism is a new product type that consists of different kinds and sizes of indoor and outdoor hot spring pools in man-made garden or natural landscaping surroundings, and it usually combines with hotel, restaurant, massage house, theaters, KARAOKE, water park, ski field and other entertainment facilities. The main purposes that visitors come to hot springs are relaxation, social activity, entertainment and health keeping.<BR> Almost all the hot spring tourism facilities are commercially invested and operated, and none of them is integrated into social health system, or even commercial health system, thus they cannot be reimbursed at all.<BR> During 1997 to 2012, hot spring tourism developed rapidly all over the country and became the mainstay of hot spring industry in China.<BR> In 2009, China Hot Spring Tourism Association (CHSTA) was established under the China Tourism Association. Soon after the establishment, the association applied for joining FEMTEC and being approved in a short time, and became the vice chairman membership country of FEMTEC.<BR> So far, CHSTA has co-organized together with the FEMTEC through two annual congresses of FEMTEC separately held in 2008 and 2012 in China. Because of the influences of the two congresses and CHSTA’s continuing promotion, the concept of modern Thermalism especially balneotherapy and climatology has been widely accepted by scholars, professionals, investors and managers from the whole hot spring industry.
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This study investigated the correlation between and compared the effects of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase a (p38MAPKα) in the ex vivo expanded umbilical cord blood (hUCB) CD133+ cells.hUCB CD133+ cells were cultured in the hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) culture medium with N-acetylcysteine (NAC,an anti-oxidant),p38MAPKα-specific inhibitor (SB203580) or their combination.The levels of ROS and expression of phosphorylated p38MAPKα (p-p38) in CD133+ cells were flow cytometrically detected.The efficacy of ex vivo expansion was evaluated by the density of CD 133+ cell sub-group colony-forming cells (CFC) and cobblestone area-forming cells (CAFC) assay.Our results showed decreased ROS levels in NAC,SB203580,and their combination treatment groups were almost 37%,48%,and 85%,respectively.Furthermore,SB203580 abrogated the activation of p38MAPKα more obviously than NAC.Moreover,the CD133+ cells in SB203580 treatment group had a 21.93±1.36-fold increase,and 14.50±1.19-fold increase in NAC treatment group,but only 10.13±0.57-fold increase in control group.In addition,SB203580 treatment led a higher level increase in the number of CFU and CAFC than NAC did.These findings suggested that,in expanded CD133+ cells,ROS activates p38MAPKα,which,in turn,induces ROS production,and p38MAPKα might be the most suitable regulator in ROS- p38MAPKα pathway for the promotion ofHSCs ex vivo expansion.
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Although Agrobacterium-mediated transformation protocols for many economically important plant species have been well established, protocol for a number of flowering plants including Anthurium andraeanum remains challenging. In this study, we report success in generating transgenic Anthurium andraeanum cv Arizona using Agrobacterium GV3101 strain harboring a binary vector carrying gfp as a reporter gene. The possibility of facilitating the screening process for transgenic plants expressing functional proteins using gfp marker was explored. In order to realize high transformation efficiency, different explant sources including undifferentiated callus pieces and petioles were compared for their regeneration efficiency and susceptibility to Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. We also optimized the concentration of AS added to co-cultivation media. Genomic PCR revealed that 11 of the 22 resistant plantlets regenerated on selective medium were successfully transformed. Green fluorescence was observed using a fluorescence microscope in 7 of the 11 PCR-positive plants, indicating GFP was expressed stably in the transformed Anthurium andraeanum. The highest transformation efficiency obtained in this study was 1.71 percent (percentage of explants with transgenic shoots in total explants) when callus explants were used as starting material and 125 umol l-1 AS was added during the co-cultivation process.
Тема - темы
Araceae/genetics , Gene Transfer Techniques , Green Fluorescent Proteins/genetics , Rhizobium/genetics , DNA, Plant/isolation & purification , Coculture Techniques , Genes, Reporter , Microscopy, Fluorescence , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Plants, Genetically Modified/genetics , Regeneration , Transformation, GeneticРеферат
In this paper, the ear anatomic structure imaging is implemented based on X-Ray Phase-Contrast CT. The results of experimentation demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed scheme.
Тема - темы
Humans , Ear , Diagnostic Imaging , Synchrotrons , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , MethodsРеферат
The retinal vasculature is a unique site where the microcirculation can be noninvasively imaged in vivo. This presents an opportunity to study otherwise inaccessible structural features of the microcirculation. Recently, a number of population-based studies have developed quantitative methods of measuring these retinal signs, and investigated how these signs relate to metabolic disorders such as diabetes, hypertension, obesity, and metabolic syndrome. These studies have reported fairly consistent associations of retinopathy lesions, arteriolar narrowing and venular dilation with these metabolic disorders, suggesting a microvascular component in either the pathogenesis or manifestation of these disorders. Further, several of these signs have been associated with future risk of cardiovascular outcomes, such as coronary heart disease and stroke, independently of traditional risk factors. This review will examine in detail the evidence linking retinal vascular signs with metabolic disorders and discuss their implications for research and clinical practice.
A vasculatura retiniana apresenta uma oportunidade única de observação não-invasiva da microcirculação e de suas estruturas in vivo. Recentemente, uma série de estudos populacionais desenvolveu métodos quantitativos de observação destes sinais retinianos e suas relações com distúrbios metabólicos, tais como diabetes, obesidade, hipertensão arterial e síndrome metabólica. Esses estudos demonstraram associações das lesões retinianas, entre elas estreitamento arteriolar e dilatação venular, com essas alterações metabólicas, sugerindo um componente microvascular na patogênese ou na manifestação destes distúrbios. Ainda, vários destes sinais foram associados com risco de doença cardiovascular, tais como doença arterial coronariana e acidente vascular cerebral independente dos fatores de risco clássicos. Esta revisão discute em detalhes as evidências entre os sinais retinianos e os distúrbios metabólicos e suas possíveis implicações na pesquisa e na prática clínica.
Тема - темы
Humans , Diabetic Retinopathy/pathology , Hypertension/complications , Retinal Artery Occlusion/pathology , Retinal Artery/pathology , Arterioles/pathology , Cardiovascular Diseases/complications , Diabetic Retinopathy/etiology , Hypertension/pathology , Microcirculation , Metabolic Syndrome/complications , Obesity/complications , Retinal Artery Occlusion/etiologyРеферат
Objective:To detect the expression of cyclin B 1 in human ameloblastoma(AB). Methods:Expression of cyclin B1 was detected in 73 cases of AB (32 primary, 33 recurrent and 8 malignant cases), 19 of odontogenic keratocyst (OKC) and 7 of normal oral mucosa by streptovidin-biotin method. Results:The ratio of positive nuclear expression of cyclin B 1 in normal oral mucosa, OKC and AB was 28.6%(2/7), 36.8%(7/19) and 63.0%(46/73) respectively (P