Реферат
<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Little is known about asthma control and perception of asthma among asthmatic patients in China. This study marked the first survey conducted on a national scale that aimed at obtaining baseline information on asthma control and patients' perception of asthma and providing a point of reference for future studies.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>This face-to-face, questionnaire-based survey was conducted from April 2007 to March 2008 with 3 069 asthmatic patients from the respiratory outpatient clinics of 36 general hospitals located in 10 geographically dispersed cities.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Consistent with the Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) guidelines, 28.7% and 45.0% of our patients achieved control and partial control, respectively. Of the patients in the study, only 21.8% had used a peak flow meter (PFM), and 6.6% of these patients used it daily. Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) plus a long-acting β2 agonist (LABA) and ICS were the two most common medication regimens and were used in 45.6% and 30.4% of patients, respectively. Asthma had a significant effect on the patients' life and work. A considerable number of hospitalizations, emergency department visits, and sick days were observed.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Despite improvements in asthma control and ICS and PFM compliance compared with past literature, the current level of asthma control countrywide continues to fall short of the goals set in the GINA.</p>
Тема - темы
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Adrenal Cortex Hormones , Therapeutic Uses , Adrenergic beta-Agonists , Therapeutic Uses , Anti-Asthmatic Agents , Therapeutic Uses , Asthma , Drug Therapy , Epidemiology , China , Epidemiology , Data Collection , Surveys and QuestionnairesРеферат
Objective To study the effect of nerve growth factor(NGF) on secretion of Th1/Th2 cytokines. Methods (1)32 SD rats were divided into 4 groups randomly: asthma(the asthmatic models were established), control, NGF, anti-NGF-antibody groups. After 14 days the lung tissues were examined for pathologic changes by HE staining. NGF in the lungs was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunohistochemistry assay。The level of interferon-?(IFN-?, one of the Th1 cytokines) and interleukin-4 (IL-4, one of the Th2 cytokines) was detected by ELISA. Results In the asthma group, more inflammatory cells were detected in the lungs. more NGF-immunoreactive infiltrating cells and higher levels of NGF(P