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Surgical operation is the main treatment of oral and maxillofacial tumors.Dysphagia is a common postoperative complication.Swal-lowing disorder can not only lead to mis-aspiration,malnutrition,aspiration pneumonia and other serious consequences,but also may cause psychological problems and social communication barriers,affecting the quality of life of the patients.At present,there is no systematic evalua-tion and rehabilitation management plan for the problem of swallowing disorder after oral and maxillofacial tumor surgery in China.Combining the characteristics of postoperative swallowing disorder in patients with oral and maxillofacial tumors,summarizing the clinical experience of ex-perts in the field of tumor and rehabilitation,reviewing and summarizing relevant literature at home and abroad,and through joint discussion and modification,a group of national experts reached this consensus including the core contents of the screening of swallowing disorders,the phased assessment of prognosis and complications,and the implementation plan of comprehensive management such as nutrition management,respiratory management,swallowing function recovery,psychology and nursing during rehabilitation treatment,in order to improve the evalua-tion and rehabilitation of swallowing disorder after oral and maxillofacial tumor surgery in clinic.
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As one of the most effective treatments for cancer, radiotherapy(RT)can eliminate the tumor cells and improve the survival rate of cancer patients. However, radiation resistance of tumor cells remarkably reduces the efficacy of RT. Therefore, it is significant to investigate the resistance mechanism and explore corresponding therapy for cancer. Ferroptosis is a novel mode of programmed cell death. Numerous studies have indicated an intimate connection between ferroptosis and tumor radiosensitivity. The mechanism involves lipid reactive oxygen species accumulation, glutathione metabolism and iron metabolism. It has been reported that ferroptosis inducers can act effectively and synergistically with RT, promote radiosensitivity and further improve tumor prognosis. In this article, relevant mechanisms and research progress were reviewed, and the future development direction of this field was discussed, aiming to provide reference for clinical trials and mechanism research of RT for malignant tumors.
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ObjectiveTo study the effect on quality of life and the bone turnover markers of Buzhong Yiqitang in the treatment of senile osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture （OVCF， syndrome of Qi deficiency in spleen and stomach） after operation based on ''spleen governing muscle''. MethodA total of 135 senile patients with OVCF treated by percutaneous kyphoplasty in Rizhao Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2020 to January 2021 were enrolled in this study. They were randomly assigned to two groups on the basis of block randomization at a ratio of 2∶1 （90 cases in the observation group and 45 cases in the control group）. Both groups were administrated with calcitriol capsules （0.5 μg·d-1） and caltrate D （1 200 mg·d-1） for basic treatment of osteoporosis. The observation group was additionally treated with Buzhong Yiqitang. Bone mineral density （BMD）， procollagen type Ⅰ N-terminal propeptide （PINP）， osteocalcin （OST）， β cross-linked C-telopeptide of type 1 collagen （β-CTx）， appendicular skeletal muscle mass index （ASMI）， and quadriceps muscle strength were compared between the two groups before and 6， 12 months after treatment. Additionally， traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） symptom score and visual analogue score （VAS） before and 3， 6 months after treatment， as well as quality of life questionnaire of the European Foundation for osteoporosis （QUALEFFO） score before and 3， 6， 12 months after treatment， were compared between the two groups. ResultA total of 85 patients in the observation group and 41 patients in the control group were followed up. The general curative effect of the observation group was better than that of the control group （χ2=10.503， P<0.05）. Specifically， the observation group had higher PINP， BMD， ASMI， and quadriceps muscle strength but lower β-CTx， TCM symptom score， VAS， and QUALEFFO score than the control group （P<0.05， P<0.01）. No adverse reactions related to Buzhong Yiqitang were observed. ConclusionBuzhong Yiqitang can regulate bone metabolism indexes， promote osteogenesis， increase bone density， enhance skeleton appendiculare and quadriceps muscle strength， relieve clinical symptoms， and improve quality of life in patients with senile OVCF （syndrome of Qi deficiency in spleen and stomach）， being worthy of promotion in clinical application.
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Objective:In order to explore the possibility of expanding the surgical indications of the ambulatory laparoscopic transcystic common bill duct exploration(LTCBDE).Methods:A retrospective case-control study analysis was performed on the clinical data of 585 patients who underwent laparoscopic transcystic common bill duct exploration in the Beijing Friendship Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University from January 2015 to December 2018, including 155 cases of the ambulatory LTCBDE (study group) and 430 cases of the overnight LTCBDE (control group). The propensity score was used to match the related variables, and 144 pairs were successfully matched. The two groups were compared in surgery-related indicators, such the preoperative tests, history of acute exacerbation in the last one month, history of upper abdominal surgery, concomitant diseases (high blood pressure, diabetes mellitus, coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease and respiratory diseases), american society of anesthesiology (ASA) score, intraoperative bleeding, operation time, total medical costs, unplanned readmission rate. Measurement data with normal distribution were expressed as mean±standard deviation( ± s), chi-square test was used for comparison between groups, and M( Q1, Q3) was used for measurement data with non-normal distribution. Fisher exact probability test and Wilcoxon rank-sum test were used for comparison between groups. Results:The indexes of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase(ALT), total bilirubin, direct bilirubin (DBIL), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), ASA score, intraoperative bleeding and total medical costs of the study group were 21.8(18.0, 31.0) U/L, 21.5(15.0, 42.5) U/L, 14.2(11.2, 18.6) umol/L, 2.6(2.1, 3.5) μmol/L, 91.0(73.3, 118.5) U/L, 44.5(22.0, 109.8) U/L, 2.0(2.0, 2.0) grade, 7.5(5.0, 10.0) mL, 9 659.0(8 704.8, 10 640.2) yuan respectively, and the control group were 26.0(17.7, 45.3) U/L, 29.5(16.0, 85.5) U/L, 17.2(13.0, 27.5) μmol/L, 3.8(2.4, 8.7) μmol/L, 105.0(81.0, 156.0) U/L, 86.5(25.0, 224.8) U/L, 2.0(2.0, 2.0) grade, 10.0(6.3, 20.0) mL, 14 366.6(11 766.4, 16 764.4) yuan, which the differences between the two groups were statistically significant ( P<0.05). In two groups of the surgery-related indicators, such as the history of acute exacerbation in the last one month, history of upper abdominal surgery, hypertension are significant statistical differences ( P<0.05). Then there were no significant differences in diabetes, coronary heart diseases, cerebrovascular disease, respiratory diseases, surgical time and unplanned readmission rate. Conclusion:The concomitant diseases may not be the absolute contraindications of the ambulatory LTCBDE. More patients can be treated with ambulatory LTCBDE in experienced centers if relevant outpatient assay and examinations can be further improved, risks of surgery and anesthesia can be fully evaluated, and surgical contraindications can be clearly excluded.
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With the development of endoscopic thyroidectomy, the complications of thyroidectomy and the formation of cervical scar are effectively reduced, which are recognized by surgeons and patients.However, with the development of artificial and robot endoscopic thyroid surgery, there are many kinds of operation methods and approaches.Different operation methods and approaches have their own advantages and disadvantages.In the scope of indications, endoscopic thyroidectomy with artificial and robot has the same effect as traditional thyroidectomy, and has a broader application prospect
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With the development of endoscopic thyroidectomy, the complications of thyroidectomy and the formation of cervical scar are effectively reduced, which are recognized by surgeons and patients.However, with the development of artificial and robot endoscopic thyroid surgery, there are many kinds of operation methods and approaches.Different operation methods and approaches have their own advantages and disadvantages.In the scope of indications, endoscopic thyroidectomy with artificial and robot has the same effect as traditional thyroidectomy, and has a broader application prospect
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OBJECTIVE:To optimize the extraction technology of Cistanche tubulosa.METHODS:The extract technology of C.tubulosa was optimized by orthogonal test with solid-liquid ratio,extraction time and extraction times as factors and with the yield of phenylethanoid glycosides as index.RESULTS:The optimal extraction condition for C.tubulosa was as follows:the solid-liquid ratio was 1∶15;the reflux extraction was conducted for 3 times(1 hour each time).CONCLUSION:The optimized technology is characterized by lowcost,good safety,short production cycle and high yield,and it serves as guidance for the macro-production of preparations of C.tubulosa.