Establishment of Specific Chromatogram and Thin-layer Identification Method for Kaixinsan / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo establish the specific chromatogram and thin layer chromatography（TLC） identification method of Kaixinsan（KXS） samples， in order to clarify the key quality attributes and provide reference for the quality evaluation of KXS. MethodHigh performance liquid chromatography（HPLC） specific chromatogram of KXS was developed with YMC Hydrosphere C18 column（4.6 mm×250 mm， 5 μm）， the mobile phase was acetonitrile（A）-0.2% formic acid aqueous solution（B） for gradient elution（0-15 min， 2%-20%A； 15-25 min， 20%-25%A； 25-30 min， 25%-30%A； 30-45 min， 30%-31%A； 45-50 min， 31%-44%A； 50-65 min， 44%-45%A； 65-73 min， 45%-75%A； 73-95 min， 75%-100%A； 95-105 min， 100%A； 105-105.1 min， 100%-2%A； 105.1-120 min， 2%A）， the detection wavelength was 320 nm. Ultra high performance liquid chromatography-linear ion trap-electrostatic field orbitrap mass spectrometry（UHPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap MS） was used to identify the chemical components of KXS with electrospray ionization（ESI）， negative ion mode and scanning range of m/z 50-2 000. TLC identification methods for Poria and Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma in KXS were established. ResultThere were 11 common peaks in the specific chromatogram of KXS， attributed to Polygalae Radix， Poria and Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma. Taking peak 9（α-asarone） as the reference peak， the relative standard deviations of the retention times of 15 batches of KXS samples were<0.2%. A total of 34 compounds were identified by UHPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap MS， including terpenoids， phenylpropanoids， oligosaccharides and ketones. The established TLC had good separation and was rapid， reliable， simple， feasible， suitable for the identification of Poria and Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma in KXS. ConclusionThe specific chromatogram and TLC of KXS are stable and reproducible. The material basis of KXS is basically clarified by MS， which can provide a reference for the development and quality control of KXS.

Effects of propofol sedation on psychological stress in surgical patients under epidural / 南方医科大学学报

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the effects of propofol sedation on psychological stress in patients undergoing surgery under epidural anesthesia.@*METHODS@#Sixty patients scheduled to undergo elective ileostomy closure under epidural anesthesia were randomized into propofol sedation group and control group (=30). The patients in the sedation group received a loading dose of propofol of 0.6 mg·kg· h followed by a maintenance dose with continuous infusion of 3 mg·kg· h given after the Observer's Assessment of Alertness/Sedation (OAA/S) score reached 2-3. An equivalent volume of normal saline was administered in patients in the control group. The patients' preoperative and intraoperative anxiety scores were assessed with the State Anxiety Inventory (SAI) on the day before and on the first day after the surgery, respectively. The mean blood pressure (MBP), heart rate (HR), SpO, OAA/S, and the indicators of psychological stress of brain functional state of the patients (including the wavelet index [WLi], anxiety index [ANXi], comfortable index [CFi] and pain index [Pi]) were recorded at 5 min after entering the operating room (T), at the time of lumbar puncture (T) and change to supine position after the puncture (T), at 20 s (T), 40 s (T), and 60 s (T) after intravenous administration, and at 2 min (T), 4 min (T), 6 min (T), 8 min (T), 10 min (T) and 40 min (T) after skin incision. The patient's satisfaction with anesthesia was assessed with the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) score on the first day after the operation. Serum cortisol level was measured before anesthesia and at the end of operation to calculate the changes in cortisol level.@*RESULTS@#The two groups of patients were comparable for preoperative SAI scores (>0.05); The patients in the sedation group appeared to have lower intraoprative SAI scores, but this difference was not statistically significant (=0.05). MBP, HR, and SpO at the time points from T to T and OAA/S, WLi, ANXi, CFi, and Pi at the time points from T to T were significantly lower in the sedation group (all < 0.05), and these parameters were not significantly different between the two groups at the other time points (all >0.05). The patient satisfaction scores were significantly higher in the sedation group (Z=2.07, < 0.05). Compared with the preoperative levels, serum cortisol level at the end of the operation was increased in the sedation group but lowered in the control group, and the variations of serum cortisol level differed significantly between the two groups (=4.75, < 0.01).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Intraoperative propofol sedation can alleviate the patients' anxiety, improve the comfort level, and lessen physiological stress during surgeries under epidural anesthesia.

Survey and Reflection on the Ethical Cognition of Human Sperm Bank among Sperm Donors / 中国医学伦理学

Objective:To investigate the ethical cognition of human sperm among the volunteers who intend to donor sperm,and to analyze the voluntteers' thoughts for donor behavior and its countermeasures.Methods:A questionnaire survey was conducted to investigate the volunteers who were the first time consulted sperm donation in the human sperm bank of the affiliated reproductive hospital of Shandong university.The cognition on the purpose of sperm,the causes of sperm shortage,privacy protection of the offspring,and the future of sperm banks in China were collected.Results:Donors were not well known the uses of sperm and privacy protection of the offspring.They thought traditional values and ethical worry caused sperm shortage and worried about the future of human sperm banks in China.Conclusion:The overall cognition on the sperm bank of the volunteers still exist certain one-sidedness and blind,which has seriously affected the enthusiasm of volunteers to donate sperm.The relevant departments should pay more attention to this,focus on promoting the propaganda and supervision work of ethical system of human sperm bank,construct objective,justice,and dedicative atmosphere for sperm donation,in order to dispel the volunteers' psychological concerns,and promote the healthy,fast and sustainable development of human sperm bank.