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Breast cancer has become the most common malignant tumor among women worldwide. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is a systemic cytotoxic drug therapy for breast cancer before local therapy, which can reduce the tumor staging, improve the pathological complete response rate and breast preservation rate. The therapeutic efficacy of NAC is affected by many factors. Imaging examination is of great clinical value to accurately evaluate the efficacy of patients undergoing NAC. This article reviews the progress of imaging methods such as X-ray, ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging and PET in evaluating the efficacy of NAC in breast cancer.
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Objective@#To investigate the effect of nursing intervention on the incidence of agitation and negative emotion in patients undergoing general anesthesia recovery.@*Methods@#Totally 120 patients with general anesthesia admitted to the Binzhou Central Hospital, Shandong Province from January 2017 to January 2019 were divided into the control group and the observation group by random digits table method with 60 cases each. Those in the control group was given routine nursing, the observation group was given integrated care. The incidence rate of agitation, conscious recovery time, the time of wake-up score≥4 and negative emotional changes in the two groups were compared.@*Results@#The incidence of agitation in the observation group was 6.67% (4/60), which was lower than that in the control group (25.0%, 15/60). The difference was statistically significant (χ2 value was 6.253, P<0.05). The conscious recovery time, the time of wake-up score≥4 was (1.05±0.39), (16.34±1.21) h, both were shorter than the control group (2.68±0.42), (23.12±1.03) h, the difference was statistically significant (t value was 22.029, 33.050, P<0.01). The Kessler10 score of the observation group was 30.24±3.64,which was lower than that in the control group 24.84±2.35. The difference was statistically significant (t value was 9.654, P<0.01).@*Conclusions@#The operation room nursing intervention for patients with general anesthesia recovery can reduce the occurrence of agitation and reduce the negative emotion of patients, and the application effect is remarkable.
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Objective:To investigate the effect of nursing intervention on the incidence of agitation and negative emotion in patients undergoing general anesthesia recovery.Methods:Totally 120 patients with general anesthesia admitted to the Binzhou Central Hospital, Shandong Province from January 2017 to January 2019 were divided into the control group and the observation group by random digits table method with 60 cases each. Those in the control group was given routine nursing, the observation group was given integrated care. The incidence rate of agitation, conscious recovery time, the time of wake-up score≥4 and negative emotional changes in the two groups were compared.Results:The incidence of agitation in the observation group was 6.67% (4/60), which was lower than that in the control group (25.0%, 15/60). The difference was statistically significant ( χ2 value was 6.253, P<0.05). The conscious recovery time, the time of wake-up score≥4 was (1.05±0.39), (16.34±1.21) h, both were shorter than the control group (2.68±0.42), (23.12±1.03) h, the difference was statistically significant ( t value was 22.029, 33.050, P<0.01). The Kessler10 score of the observation group was 30.24±3.64,which was lower than that in the control group 24.84±2.35. The difference was statistically significant ( t value was 9.654, P<0.01). Conclusions:The operation room nursing intervention for patients with general anesthesia recovery can reduce the occurrence of agitation and reduce the negative emotion of patients, and the application effect is remarkable.
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Objective To explore the application effect of paclitaxel combined with carboplatin neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with advanced cervical carcinoma.Methods Forty patients with stage Ⅱa and above cervical cancer who were treated between August 2015 and August 2016 were selected as the research objectives and all patients were diagnosed by pathological examination.They were divided randomly into experimental group(n=20)and control group(n=20).Patients in the experimental group were treated with intravenous chemotherapy before operation.This scheme included paclitaxel and carboplatin.It included 2 cycles,and the interval between the 2 cycles was 3 weeks.Extensive hysterectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy were made in 14 days after chemotherapy.The patients in the control group were treated only with extensive hysterectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy.The efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy was evaluated according to WHO criteria,and observed the operation condition.Adverse drug reactions were evaluated according to WHO anti-cancer drug adverse reaction grade.The quality of life of the two groups was evaluated by the mos item short from health survey(SF-36).Results 20 patients completed chemotherapy,CR5 cases,PR11 cases,SD3 cases,PD1 cases,and the total effective rate(CR+PR)was 80％.At the same time,The paracervical tissue becomed soft in varying degrees,the gap widened,the invasive lesions were controlled in different degrees.Adverse reactions were mild and relieved without special treatment.There was no kidney and heart function damage.All cases were operated successfully after chemotherapy.There were no significant difference in operation time and blood loss between the two groups.The rate of lymph node metastasis,the infiltration rate of uterine tissue and the residual rate of tumor tissue in the vaginal margin were lower than those in the control group(P<0.01).The SF-36 scores of the two groups were higher than those before treatment,but the score of the experimental group was higher significantly than that of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.01).Conclusion Paclitaxel combined with carboplatin in neoadjuvant chemotherapy of cervical cancer can reduce the tumor volume,increase the chance of surgery,has less toxic side effects,lower metastatic rate and improve the quality of life of patients.It is worthy of further clinical research and recommendation.
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Objective To investigate the relationship between expression of Her-2 gene and the transfer number of axillary lymph node and its influence on prognosis.Methods A total of 351 cases with primary breast cancer from January 2008 to January 2011 were selected.The expression of Her-2 gene was detected by immunohistochemical method,and analyzed the relationship between it and the transfer number of axillary lymph node and its influence on prognosis.Results The expression of Her-2-,+,++ had no correlation with the transfer number of axillary lymph node (x2 =3.757,1.650,2.379,P ＞ 0.05),while the expression of Her-2 +++ had correlation with the transfer number of axillary lymph node (x2 =8.681,P ＜ 0.05).The 2 years survival rates in the expression of Her-2-,+,++,+++ were 77.01％ (201/261),85.00％ (34/40),29.17％(7/24),1 1.54％ (3/26),and which in the expression of Her-2--+ was significantly higher than that in the expression of Her-2 ++-+++ (x2 =61.605,P ＜ 0.01).The transfer number of axillary lymph node was 0 and 1-3,the 2 years survival rate in the expression of Her-2--+ was significantly higher than that in the expression of Her-2 ++-+++,and there was significant difference (x2 =61.605,14.747,P ＜ 0.05).The transfer number of axillary lymph node was 4-9 and ≥ 10,there was no significant difference in the 2 years survival rate between the expression of Her-2--+ and Her-2 ++-+++ (x2 =3.691,3.482,P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions The expression of Her-2-,+,++ has no correlation with axillary lymph node metastasis,and the 2 years survival rate in the expression of Her-2--+ is higher than that in the expression of Her-2 ++-+++,while Her-2-has no difference with Her-2 + in prognosis.While the transfer number of axillary lymph node ≤ 3,the expression of Her-2 gene may be an important prognostic factor.
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Objective To assess the different methods and their outcomes of interventional therapy for stenosis or occlusion in superior vena cava and its branches. Methods Sixty patients with stenosis or occlusion of SVC and its branches were retrospectively analyzed after interventional therapy. Among them, 38 were males and 22 were females, with age range from 15 to 72 years old(mean age 58). Seventeen patients were treated by thrombolysis, and the rest 43 patients accepted percutaneous angioplasty and stenting. Before and after that, the pressures within the vein were measured at the inflow side. The paired-t test was used for statistical analysis. Results After treatment, the pressure at the inflow side dropped from (24.8±2.3)mm Hg to (7.1±1.5)mm Hg(1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa), with a significant difference(t=3.232,P＜0.01). The clinical outcomes included complete relief in 27 patients, partial relief in 28 patients and non-relief in 5 patients. No major complications occurred. During 6 months follow up, restenosis occurred in 10 patients, among whom 6 received repeat intervention with good results. The other 4 patients turned to surgery .Conclusion Interventional therapy for stenosis or occlusion in SVC and its branches could recanalize the vessels, restore the blood flow and relief the clinical symptoms.
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Aim To study the content and clinical significance of serum endothelin-1(ET-1)in patient with malignant tumors. Methods The contents of serum ET-1 in 85 patients with malignant tumors,30 patients with benign diseases and 30 normal indivaduals were detected by radioimmunoassay. Results (1)The mean concentrations of serum ET-1 in normal individuals and in non-tumor patients were (46.9± 23.1)μ g/L and (51.1± 30.9)μ g/L,respectively, while in patients with malignant tumors it was (190.1± 135.2～ 382.4± 190.1)μ g/L. (2)There was no significant difference between the mean serum contents of ET-1 in normal individuals and non-tumors pstients(P∧ 0.05),but the level of serum ET-1 in patients with malignant tumors were significantly higher than that in above two groups(P∨ 0.001). (3)When the mean content plus twice standard deviation of serum ET-1 in normal individuals was as a threshold value,that is ,the value was defined as the positive clinical value to diagnose cancer, the positive rates of patients with different malignant tumours were 72％ ～ 100％ . Conclusion Serum ET-1 contents could be used as a better tumor index for maligant tumor screening and accessory diagnosis.