Implantation of Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells (ADSCs)-Lining Prosthetic Graft Promotes Vascular Regeneration in Monkeys and Pigs

BACKGROUND@#Current replacement procedures for stenosis or occluded arteries using prosthetic grafts have serious limitations in clinical applications, particularly, endothelialization of the luminal surface is a long-standing unresolved problem.METHOD: We produced a cell-based hybrid vascular graft using a bioink engulfing adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (ADSCs) and a 3D bioprinting process lining the ADSCs on the luminal surface of GORE-Tex grafts. The hybrid graft was implanted as an interposition conduit to replace a 3-cm-long segment of the infrarenal abdominal aorta in Rhesus monkeys. @*RESULTS@#Complete endothelium layer and smooth muscle layer were fully developed within 21 days post-implantation, along with normalized collagen deposition and crosslinking in the regenerated vasculature in all monkeys. The regenerated blood vessels showed normal functionality for the longest observation of more than 1650 days. The same procedure was also conducted in miniature pigs for the interposition replacement of a 10-cm-long right iliac artery and showed the same long-term effective and safe outcome. @*CONCLUSION@#This cell-based vascular graft is ready to undergo clinical trials for human patients.

Genetic variation and evolution of influenza viruses isolated from co-infection cases in Guangdong Province / 中华微生物学和免疫学杂志

Objective:To analyze and reveal the genetic evolution and variation of influenza viruses in cases of co-infection in Guangdong Province.Methods:Throat swab samples were collected from four cases of H1N1pdm and H3N2 co-infection for viral isolation. The isolated strains were subjected to antigen analysis and neuraminidase inhibitor susceptibility test. High-throughput sequencing was used to detect the sequences of strains in three throat swab samples and one virus strain, and then genetic variations were analyzed.Results:Four influenza viruses were isolated with one strain of H1N1pdm and three of H3N2 subtype, and all of them were genetically similar to the vaccine strain in 2022-2023. The HA genes of H1N1pdm and H3N2 strains belonged to clade 6B.1A.5a.2a and 2a.3a.1, respectively. The isolated strains belonged to the same clade as the strains prevalent in Guangdong during the same period. No drug-resistant variations were detected in N1 or N2 gene, and the isolated strains were sensitive to oseltamivir and zanamivir.Conclusions:H1pdm subtype had stronger replication ability than H3 subtype in the influenza viruses isolated from co-infected cases. H1N1pdm and H3N2 subtype influenza viruses were genetically similar to the strains circulating in Guangdong at the same time. The isolated H1N1pdm and H3N2 strains were sensitive to both oseltamivir and zanamivir, indicating that they could continue to be used in the treatment of influenza virus infections caused by one or two genotypes.

Influence of treating with roxithromycin on airway inflammation in patients with asthma who smoke / 重庆医学

Objective To investigate the influence and effect of treating with low dose roxithromycin on airway inflammation in asthma who have been smoking patients .Methods Forty-six patients with mild to moderate asthma who had been smoking were assigned to group A and group B randomly .The patients in group A received inhaling salmeterol/fluticasone(50/250 μg) ,one puff bid ,2 times/day .The patients in group B treated with oral roxithromycin dispersible tablet 0 .15 g/d combining with inhaling salme-terol/fluticasone(50/250 μg) ,one puff bid ,2 times/day .The patients of two groups had been treated for 4 weeks .The lung func-tion ,cells and interleukin-8(IL-8) in induced sputum of patients in the two groups were measured before and after treatment .Results There was negative correlation between the FEV 1% and the number of eosinophile granulocyte ,neutrophil and the concentration of IL-8 in induced sputum of the patients(P<0 .01) .The number of neutrophil ,eosinophile granulocyte and the level of IL-8 of the patients in group B decreased more than those in the group A after 4 weeks of treatment(P<0 .05) .Furthermore the PEF and FEV1% of the patients in group B were ameliorated significantly than those in group A (P<0 .01) .Conclusion The treatment of roxithromycin combining with salmeterol/fluticasone on patients with asthma who smoke can not only reduce the number of eosino-phile granulocyte ,neutrophil and the level of IL-8 in induced sputum significantly ,but also ameliorate the PEF and FEV1% of them significantly .