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Bat is nature reservoir hosts of some important viruses.It has been confirmed that bats were infected by many viruses in nature in Yunnan Province,China during 2010-2015,such as SARS-like coronavirus and another coronaviruses (Alphacoronavirus and Betacoronavirus) as well as novel reovirus,rotavirus,orthohepadnavirus,filovirus,paramyxovirus,adenovirus,bocavirus and circovirus.This paper presents a review about natural infection of bat with zoonosis-related viral pathogens in Yunnan Province,China,and its public health importance.
Реферат
Bat is nature reservoir hosts of some important viruses.It has been confirmed that bats were infected by many viruses in nature in Yunnan Province,China during 2010-2015,such as SARS-like coronavirus and another coronaviruses (Alphacoronavirus and Betacoronavirus) as well as novel reovirus,rotavirus,orthohepadnavirus,filovirus,paramyxovirus,adenovirus,bocavirus and circovirus.This paper presents a review about natural infection of bat with zoonosis-related viral pathogens in Yunnan Province,China,and its public health importance.
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Objective To solve the problems of easily being contaminated and being difficult to hold and poor sealing for traditional midstream urine collection cups,and to reduce the unqualified rate of midstream urine collection.Methods A total of 126 patients without indwelling urinary catheter were selected from July to December in 2016 as the experimental group.From January to May 2016,112 patients without urinary catheter were selected as the control group.On the basis of conventional therapy and nursing care,the experimental group was given the self-designed disposable closed midstream urine collector to collect the specimens,and the control group was given the traditional urine cup to collect specimens.The unqualified rate,patient satisfaction and compliance were compared between two groups.Results There were 126 specimens in the experimental group,ll5 were qualified specimens,11 were unqualified specimens,and the unqualified rate was 8.73%(11/126);there were 122 specimens in the control group,91 were qualified specimens,21 were unqualified specimens,and the unqualified rate was 18.75% (21/122);the satisfaction scores of the experimental group and the control group were (4.3±0.2) and (2.8±0.6),respectively;the experimental group had 66 cases of full compliance,48 cases of partial compliance,12 cases of non-compliance,and the compliance rate was 90.47% (114/126);the control group had 27 cases of full compliance,51 cases of partial compliance,34 cases of noncompliance,and the compliance rate was 39.28%(44/112).Conclusion The disposable closed midstream urine collector can reduce the unqualified rate of specimens and improve patient satisfaction rate and compliance.
Реферат
Objective To solve the problems of easily being contaminated and being difficult to hold and poor sealing for traditional midstream urine collection cups,and to reduce the unqualified rate of midstream urine collection.Methods A total of 126 patients without indwelling urinary catheter were selected from July to December in 2016 as the experimental group.From January to May 2016,112 patients without urinary catheter were selected as the control group.On the basis of conventional therapy and nursing care,the experimental group was given the self-designed disposable closed midstream urine collector to collect the specimens,and the control group was given the traditional urine cup to collect specimens.The unqualified rate,patient satisfaction and compliance were compared between two groups.Results There were 126 specimens in the experimental group,ll5 were qualified specimens,11 were unqualified specimens,and the unqualified rate was 8.73%(11/126);there were 122 specimens in the control group,91 were qualified specimens,21 were unqualified specimens,and the unqualified rate was 18.75% (21/122);the satisfaction scores of the experimental group and the control group were (4.3±0.2) and (2.8±0.6),respectively;the experimental group had 66 cases of full compliance,48 cases of partial compliance,12 cases of non-compliance,and the compliance rate was 90.47% (114/126);the control group had 27 cases of full compliance,51 cases of partial compliance,34 cases of noncompliance,and the compliance rate was 39.28%(44/112).Conclusion The disposable closed midstream urine collector can reduce the unqualified rate of specimens and improve patient satisfaction rate and compliance.
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We investigated the molecular characteristics of the full-length genome of 5 dengue serotype 4 virus (DENV-4) strains isolated in Yunnan Province,China,2015 and their molecular epidemiological feature.Isolation of dengue virus was using C6/36 cell culture method.Viral RNA was extracted from virus isolates,then the full-length genome was amplified by RT-PCR.The homology and phylogenetic analysis was made on the nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences by bioinfor matics softwares including ClastalX1.83 and MEGA6 etc.Results showed that five strains of DENV-4 isolated from dengue fe ver cases in Ruili City of Yunnan Province in 2015,of these,2 strains from indigenous cases,3 from imported cases from Lashio and Nam Can cities of Myanmar to Ruili of China.RT-PCR and sequencing indicated that the full-length genes (10 661 nt) of 5 DENV-4 strains were obtained,and their open reading frame (103-10 264) were coded 3 386 amino acid residues.Phylogenetic tree and homology analysis based on the comeplete genome or structural and non-structural protein genes showed that the 5 DENV 4 isolates were highly homologous and gathered in an evolution as well as they have a closer genetic relationship with the DENV-4 genotype Ⅰ (G-Ⅰ) strains isolated from Thailand.Results indicated that the Yunnan strains belonged to G-Ⅰ.Yunnan strains and Thailand strains compared with DENV 4 prototype strain (H241,Philippines 1956) and Guangzhou strain (B5,1990) of China and showed low homology and evolutionary relationship.When Yunnan strains compared with H241 strain,there were 21 and 45 different sites in amino acid of structural and non-structural proteins,respectively.This is the first time in Yunnan to obtain full-length genomes sequence of DENV-4 and they have closer evolutionary relationship with DENV 4G-Ⅰ strains from Southeast Asia region in recent years.The autochthonous DENV-4 epidemic in Yunnan was detected for the first time,and the virus transmission sources were from neighboring northern Myanmar.It is necessary to further study that change of the amino acid sites of Yunnan strains of DENV-4 is related to its antigenicity and virulence.