Transgenerational transmission of eating habits

Abstract Objective To investigate the relationship between the biopsychosocial environment and eating habits and behaviors that lead to the selection and consumption of certain food from the earliest stages of life. To clarify whether there is an interaction between genetic and epigenetic factors, and how they shape eating habits. Data source A narrative review based on research in PubMed and Web of Science electronic databases was carried out over the last 10 years, searching the title and summary fields using the keywords Children OR adolescents Feeding Behavior eating OR Dietary Habits OR Eating Behavior OR Eating Habits OR Children obesity. Data synthesis The generational transmission of eating habits is related to the home, community, and school environments, mainly during the first years of life, and can exert the modulation of habits during all stages of life. During childhood, the family's role in consolidating eating habits is very broad and ranges from choosing foods to prioritizing family meals, including the lifestyle. Conclusions Eating habits are transmitted from parents to children in different ways: environmental, emotional, social, and educational. In cases of obesity, a greater association of genetic influence can be observed.

O papel da escola e da Educação Física no controle do sobrepeso e obesidade juvenil na perspectiva de professores atuantes no ensino superior / The role of schools and Physical Education in the control of overweight and juvenile obesity from the perspective of teachers working in higher education / El papel de las escuelas y la Educación Física en el control del sobrepeso y la obesidad juvenil desde la perspectiva de docentes que trabajan en la educación superior

O presente artigo apresenta os resultados de uma pesquisa quantitativa com viés exploratório descritivo, cujo objetivo foi analisar a percepção de 22 professores de Educação Física (18 homens e 04 mulheres), atuantes no magistério superior, sobre o papel da escola e da Educação Física no controle do sobrepeso e obesidade juvenil. Foi utilizada versão adaptada do Perceptions of Youth Obesity and Physical Education Questionnaire. A análise dos dados deu-se a partir das seguintes categorias: percepção da obesidade juvenil, papel da escola e papel da Educação Física permitiu inferir que os professores percebem a escola como um espaço potencial para a promoção de ações, como a oferta de disciplinas curriculares voltadas ao controle do peso corporal. Contudo, tanto a escola, quanto o professor e sua práxis nas aulas de Educação Física não devem restringir as intervenções de forma circunscrita ao tratamento e controle da obesidade juvenil (AU).

This article presents the results of a quantitative research with a descriptive exploratory bias, whose objective was to analyze the perception of 22 Physical Education teachers (18 men and 04 women), working in higher education, about the role of school and Physical Education in controlling overweight and juveni-le obesity. An adapted version of the Perceptions of Youth Obesity and Physical Education Questionnaire was used. The analysis of the data from the categories called perception of youth obesity, role of the school and role of Physical Education allowed inferring that teachers perceive the school as a potential space for the promotion of actions, such as the offer of curricular disciplines aimed at controlling the body weight. However, both the school and the teacher and their practice in Physical Education classes should not limit interventions to the treatment and control of juvenile obesity (AU).

Este artículo presenta los resultados de una investigación cuantitativa con sesgo exploratorio descriptivo, cuyo objetivo fue analizar la percepción de 22 profesores de Educación Física (18 hombres y 04 mujeres), que actúan en la enseñanza superior, sobre el papel de la escuela y la Educación Física en el control so-brepeso y obesidad juvenil. Se utilizó una versión adaptada del Cuestionario de Percepciones de Obesidad Juvenil y Educación Física. El análisis de los datos de las categorías denominadas per-cepción de la obesidad juvenil, rol de la escuela y rol de la Educación Física permitió inferir que los docentes perciben la escuela como un espacio potencial para la promoción de acciones, como la ofer-ta de disciplinas curriculares dirigidas al control el peso corporal. Sin embargo, tanto la escuela como el docente y su práctica en las clases de Educación Física no deben limitar las intervenciones al tratamiento y control de la obesidad juvenil (AU).

Adormecimento psíquico e despertar do inconsciente na adolescência: uma aposta na palavra / Le sommeil psychique et l'éveil de l'inconscient à l'adolescence: un pari sur la parole / Psychic numbness and awakening of the unconscious in adolescence: betting on the word

Este artigo apresenta uma reflexão sobre os efeitos do contexto da cultura digital para a adolescência. Abordamos a adolescência na teoria psicanalítica desde as concepções freudianas até as elaborações contemporâneas. Retomamos a infância como fase constitutiva do sujeito e suas implicações para a adolescência para destacar os impasses experienciados pelos adolescentes na cultura digital. Destacamos os conceitos de saber, Outro e objeto como articulatórios para a compreensão da adolescência na contemporaneidade. Consideramos que o estatuto do saber sofreu transformações decorrentes da aliança entre o capitalismo e a digitalização e que essas transformações trazem implicações para o laço social, configurando o que chamamos de adormecimento psíquico. Por fim, apontamos a conversação de orientação psicanalítica como uma possibilidade no enfrentamento dos desafios que a cultura digital apresenta

Cet article présente une réflexion sur les effets du contexte de la culture numérique sur l'adolescence. Nous analysons l'adolescence dans la théorie psychanalytique à partir des conceptions freudiennes jusqu'aux élaborations contemporaines. Nous revenons sur l'enfance en tant que phase constitutive du sujet et ses implications pour l'adolescence afin de mettre en évidence les impasses vécues par les adolescents dans la culture numérique. Nous mettrons en évidence les concepts de connaissance, d'Autre et d'objet comme des articulations fondamentales pour la compréhension de l'adolescence à l'époque contemporaine. Nous considérons que le statut du savoir a subi des transformations résultant de l'alliance entre capitalisme et numérisation et que ces transformations ont des implications sur le lien social, configurant ce que nous appelons le sommeil psychique. Enfin, nous indiquons la conversation psychanalytique comme une possibilité pour faire face aux défis que présente la culture numérique.

This article presents a reflection on the effects of digital culture on adolescence. We analyze adolescence in psychoanalytic theory from Freudian conceptions to contemporary elaborations. We return to childhood as a constitutive phase of the subject and its implications for adolescence in order to highlight the impasses experienced by adolescents in the digital culture. We highlight the concepts of knowledge, Other and object as articulations for the understanding of adolescence nowadays. We consider that the status of knowledge has undergone transformations resulting from the alliance between capitalism and digitalization and that these transformations have implications for the social bond, configuring what we call psychic numbness. Finally, we point out the psychoanalytic conversation as a possibility in facing the challenges that digital culture presents.

Adolescência e corpo: um recorte psicanalítico / L'adolescence et le corps: un portrait psychanalytique / A psychoanalytic portrait of adolescence and its body

Este artigo tem como objetivo refletir acerca da relação entre adolescência e corpo nos dias atuais, a partir do ponto de vista da teoria psicanalítica. Para isso abordamos a concepção de corpo na psicanálise a partir das obras de Freud e outros autores contemporâneos, percorrendo os conceitos de histeria, pulsão, Eu, e estádio do espelho. Neste sentido é feito um recorte em torno da função da imagem de si na formação do Eu no estádio do espelho para entendermos os impactos da desestabilização dessa imagem com as transformações corporais da adolescência. Consideramos, então, a adolescência uma reedição do estádio do espelho onde o sujeito, que não se enxerga mais como criança mas ainda não reconhece sua imagem adulta, tem a unidade do Eu desestabilizada, precisando reinventar uma posição para si frente ao Outro. Por fim questionamos quais os possíveis impactos trazidos pela crescente virtualização da própria imagem em telas para estes sujeitos.

Cet article propose une réflexion sur la relation entre l'adolescence et le corps de nos jours, du point de vue de la théorie psychanalytique. Pour ce faire, nous analysons la conception du corps dans la psychanalyse à partir des œuvres de Freud et d'autres auteurs contemporains, en parcourant les concepts d'hystérie, de pulsion, de Moi et de stade du miroir. Dans ce sens, nous partons de la fonction de l'image de soi dans la formation du Je au stade du miroir pour comprendre les impacts de la déstabilisation de cette image avec les transformations corporelles de l'adolescence. Nous considérons alors l'adolescence comme une réédition du stade du miroir où le sujet, qui ne se voit plus comme un enfant mais ne reconnaît pas encore son image adulte, à l'unité du Moi déstabilisée, ayant besoin d' inventer une nouvelle position pour lui-même face à l'Autre. Enfin, nous nous demandons quels sont les impacts possibles apportés par la virtualisation croissante de l'image pour ces sujets.

This article seeks to reflect on the relationship between adolescence and body at present, from the point of view of psychoanalytic theory. In order to do this, we analyze the conception of the body in psychoanalysis starting from the works of Freud and other contemporary authors, through the concepts of hysteria, drive, self, and stage of the mirror. In this purpose, we highlight the function of the self-image in the formation of the Self in the mirror stage to understand the impacts of the destabilization of this image with the physical transformations of adolescence. We consider, then, adolescence a re-edition of the stage of the mirror where the subject, who no longer sees himself as a child but does not yet recognize his adult image, has the unity of the Self destabilized, having to reinvent a position for himself in front of the Other. Finally, we questioned the possible impacts brought by the increasing virtualization of the image on screens for these subjects

Adolescencia y bienestar digital: herramientas para los profesionales de la salud / Adolescence and Digital Well-being: Tools for Healthcare Professionals

La adolescencia constituye una etapa atravesada por cambios físicos, emocionales y sociales significativos, que incluyen la adquisición de múltiples habilidades. Aumentan los riesgos de sufrir alteraciones mentales, consumo de sustancias, embarazo no deseado, trastornos alimentarios, y se evidencian los efectos negativos del uso inapropiado de las redes sociales. El bienestar digital implica el uso saludable de la tecnología, la protección de la privacidad y la seguridad en línea. Los adolescentes utilizan las redes con la finalidad de identificarse, relacionarse, entretenerse y buscar información. La exposición no regulada conlleva riesgos: acceso a contenido inapropiado, ciberacoso, consumo problemático y fraudes. Desde el ámbito pediátrico, se debe acompañar a los adolescentes para que optimicen el uso de la tecnología y, para ello, es fundamental implementar estrategias multisectoriales para minimizar los riesgos y promover el bienestar de los adolescentes en línea, así como garantizar la alfabetización digital y el acceso equitativo a recursos tecnológicos de calidad y telesalud.

Adolescence is a period characterized by significant physical, emotional, and social changes, including the acquisition of multiple skills. It is also a time when the risks of mental disorders, substance use, unwanted pregnancy, eating disorders, and negative effects of inappropriate social media use manifest greatly. Digital well-being implies the healthy use of technology, the protection of privacy and security online. Adolescents use social media to identify themselves, interact with others, entertain themselves, and seek information. However, risks are present, including access to inappropriate content, cyberbullying, problematic consumption, and fraud. The pediatric field must support adolescents in optimizing their online use. Implementing multisectoral strategies can minimize risks, promote digital literacy, and ensure equitable access to quality technological resources and telehealth, thereby promoting adolescent online well-being.

Improving breastfeeding among adolescent mothers: a prospective cohort

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Exclusive breastfeeding is recommended for the first six months, and mother's age impact early weaning. Educational support and relevant information can increase breastfeeding rates. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether antenatal education enhances the maintenance, intention, and confidence in breastfeeding among adolescents. DESIGN AND SETTING: A prospective cohort study involving primiparous adolescents who gave birth at the Woman's Hospital (CAISM), Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Brazil. METHODS: Adolescent mothers were categorized into two groups based on the location of prenatal care: those at the Woman's Hospital (WH) who received antenatal education, and at the Primary Care (PC) who did not receive antenatal education. All adolescents received breastfeeding orientation during their postpartum hospital stay. The groups were compared using the Student's t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, and chi-squared test. Log-binomial models were used to compare the groups at different time intervals. RESULTS: The study included 132 adolescents: 59 in the WH group and 73 in the PC group. Six months postpartum, adolescents in the WH group demonstrated higher engagement in breastfeeding (P < 0.005) and exclusive breastfeeding (P = 0.04) than PC group. PC group showed greater lack of confidence in breastfeeding (P = 0.02) and felt less prepared (P = 0.01). Notably, all WH adolescents reported a stronger desire to breastfeed after antenatal education. CONCLUSION: Antenatal education significantly improves the maintenance, intention, and confidence of breastfeeding among adolescents. This education approach can be implemented across all healthcare levels and should be made accessible to all women throughout the pregnancy and postpartum period.

Atenção à saúde dos parceiros sexuais de adolescentes com sífilis gestacional e seus filhos: uma revisão integrativa / Health care of sexual partners of adolescents with gestational syphilis and their children: an integrative review

Resumo A sífilis gestacional (SG) em adolescentes é um desafio para a saúde pública brasileira, com elevadas taxas de incidência. A testagem, diagnóstico e tratamento dos parceiros sexuais é indispensável para interromper a cadeia de transmissão, mas desde 2017 deixou de ser critério para o tratamento adequado da gestante. Buscamos analisar e sintetizar o conhecimento produzido sobre a atenção à saúde de parceiros sexuais de adolescentes com SG no Brasil. Realizamos uma revisão integrativa nas bases de dados BVS, SciELO e PubMed, selecionando artigos que abordavam SG e/ou sífilis congênita (SC) em adolescentes de 15 a 19 anos e que incluíam informações sobre os parceiros sexuais. Quarenta e um artigos foram analisados compreensivamente com auxílio do software WebQDA e classificados em duas categorias: (a) Abordagem dos parceiros sexuais no pré-natal, e (b) Papel dos parceiros sexuais no ciclo de transmissão da SG e da SC. Os estudos evidenciam que a abordagem do parceiro é deficitária, com ausência de dados sobre o perfil sociodemográfico e informações sobre testagem e tratamento. No âmbito da atenção primária à saúde não se encontram estudos que abordem fatores inerentes ao contexto de vulnerabilidade dos parceiros sexuais em relação ao enfrentamento da sífilis.

Abstract Gestational syphilis (GS) in adolescents is a challenge for Brazilian public health, with high incidence rates. Testing, diagnosis and treatment of sexual partners is essential to interrupt the chain of transmission, but since 2017 it is no longer a criterion for the proper treatment of pregnant women. We sought to analyze and synthesize the knowledge produced about the health care of sexual partners of adolescents with GS in Brazil. We carried out a systematic review in the BVS, SciELO and PubMed databases, selecting articles that addressed GS and/or congenital syphilis (CS) in adolescents aged 15 to 19 years and that included information about sexual partners. Forty-one articles were comprehensively analyzed using the WebQDA software and classified into two categories: a) Approach to sexual partners during prenatal care, and b) The role of sexual partners in the transmission cycle of GS and CS. The studies show that the partner's approach is deficient, with a lack of data on the sociodemographic profile and information on testing and treatment. In the context of Primary Health Care, there are no studies that address factors inherent to the context of vulnerability of sexual partners in relation to coping with syphilis.

As Escrevivências no ensino de Terapia Ocupacional sobre/com as juventudes / "Escrevivências" in the teaching of Occupational Therapy for/with youth / Las Escrevivências en la enseñanza de la Terapia Ocupacional sobre/con las juventudes

Há um imperativo de se pensar uma formação graduada em Terapia Ocupacional atenta às necessidades juvenis. Nesse sentido, hipotetizamos que as Escrevivências de Conceição Evaristo poderiam mediar a aprendizagem crítica sobre as juventudes. O objetivo deste artigo é investigar o processo de ensino e aprendizagem estético, ético e político de estudantes de Terapia Ocupacional por meio de um projeto de ensino pautado nas Escrevivências. Trata-se de uma pesquisa educacional que se utilizou de informações pedagógicas de uma disciplina ministrada remotamente. Estudantes estabeleceram contato com jovens diversos para pensar aspectos coletivos dentro de narrativas singulares de vida. Os achados provêm da análise do diário de campo da monitora, da transcrição das monitorias virtuais, do trabalho final e de um grupo focal. Identificamos processos cognitivos relevantes ligados à alteridade. Quanto à aprendizagem estética, crítico-social e ético-política, debatemos as limitações.

It is imperative to think about graduate training in occupational therapy that is mindful of the needs of young people. In this regard, we hypothesized that the writings of Conceição Evaristo can help mediate critical learning about youth. The aim of this study was to investigate the aesthetic, ethical and political teaching and learning process of occupational therapy students based on a teaching project grounded in these writings. We conducted an educational study using pedagogical information from a remotely taught subject. Students established contact with various young people to think about collective aspects within singular life narratives. The findings resulted from the analysis of the field diary of the subject monitor, transcriptions of online tutoring, the students' end of course project and a focus group. We identified relevant cognitive processes linked to otherness. We also discuss the limitations of aesthetic, critical-social and ethical-political learning.

Existe el imperativo de pensar en una formación graduada en Terapia Ocupacional que esté atenta a las necesidades juveniles. En ese sentido, lanzamos la hipótesis de que las Escrevivências de Conceição Evaristo podrían mediar el aprendizaje crítico sobre las juventudes. El objetivo de este artículo es investigar el proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje estético, ético y político de estudiantes de terapia ocupacional a partir de un proyecto de enseñanza con base en las Escrevivências. Se trata de una investigación educativa que utilizó informaciones pedagógicas de una asignatura dictada remotamente. Los estudiantes establecieron contactos con jóvenes diversos para pensar aspectos colectivos dentro de narrativas singulares de vida. Los hallazgos provienen del análisis del diario de campo de la monitora, de la transcripción de los monitoreos virtuales, del trabajo final y de un grupo focal. Identificamos procesos cognitivos relevantes vinculados a la alteridad. Con relación al aprendizaje estético, crítico-social y ético-político, discutimos las limitaciones.

Effects of dialogic reading for comprehension (LuDiCa) on the social interaction of autistic adolescents and their peers

Abstract Background In today's contemporary world, relationships take a prominent role in the lives of adolescents. However, challenges related to mutual understanding and a lack of inclusive environments can often lead to autistic teens feeling excluded. Objective In order to assess the impact of naturalistic interventions on interpersonal relationships, we conducted an experimental test utilizing Dialogic Reading for Comprehension (LuDiCa) in online reading circles with groups comprising both autistic and neurotypical adolescents. Our focus was on exploring its relevance for enhancing social interaction, particularly in terms of conversational acts, sharing experiences, initiations, and questions. Methods Five autistic and five neurotypical students between 11 and 15 years old from a public school in Brasilia, Federal District, participated. We paired groups A and B (made up of trios of teenagers) and groups C and D (made up of pairs) in a multiple baseline design per reading group, in which all groups went through the baseline conditions (BL), intervention (LuDiCa) and maintenance. Results LuDiCa increased the frequency of conversational acts of both autistic participants and neurotypical peers. In addition, the intervention favored initiations, questions, and sharing experiences, through the shared activity of reading and talking about a work of fiction. Participants rated the intervention in relation to the platform, the book, the reading facilitator, and interaction with peers. We discuss the potential of the facilitator's role in favoring interactions and the potential of LuDiCa as a joint activity for the engagement of adolescents. We also include suggestions for future research focused on the online context and discuss some limitations of the LuDiCa intervention. Conclusion In summary, our study offers initial experimental evidence demonstrating the positive impact of LuDiCa on social interaction behaviors among both autistic and neurotypical adolescents within an inclusive setting.

Adaptation and feasibility assessment of a dating violence prevention program for girls in foster care

Abstract Background Dating violence in adolescence is a serious public health issue due to its significant impact on mental health and its significant predictive value for intimate partner violence in adulthood. Universal and selective programs can contribute to the prevention of this issue. Nonetheless, there are few selective programs with evidence of feasibility in contexts of social vulnerability. Objective The present study examined evidence of the feasibility of a dating violence selective prevention program for girls in foster care by monitoring process indicators during the implementation phase of a pilot study. Methods The program, originally designed for adolescents in the general population, was adapted to the context of girls at risk. The pilot study was conducted in the southern region of Brazil and involved the participation of six girls aged between 15 and 17. Both quantitative and qualitative measures were used, and the data were explored through frequency analysis, the Jacobson and Truax test, and content analysis. Results The study identified favorable evidence regarding demand, acceptability, and adaptation of the intervention. On the other hand, contextual and institutional barriers hindered recruitment and restricted the reach of the intervention. Conclusion Although there are changes to be made to improve the program's applicability in its specific context, it should be emphasized that this study provides evidence to maintain the methods and content of the intervention.

Reading processes of public and private middle school and high school students

Abstract Introduction Reading has been widely discussed, mainly due to the published results of international performance tests of schoolchildren. The gaps generated in literacy hinder the development of basic skills necessary for reading, which will have a negative impact on the teaching-learning process from elementary school to high school. This study aimed to compare the reading performance of the students in public and private schools through tests of the Brazilian reading processes-PROLEC-SE-R. Methods Cross-sectional study. The Brazilian adaptation of the PROLEC-SE-R was administered to 436 students: 221 from the state school (G1 6th year, n = 30; G2 7th year, n = 33; G3 8th year, n = 35; G4 9th year, n = 31; G5 1st year, n = 32; G6 2nd year, n = 30; G7 3rd year, n = 30) e 215 private schools (G8 6th year, n = 31; G9 7th year, n = 31; G10 8th year, n = 30; G11 9th year, n = 31; G12 1st year, n = 30; G13 2nd year, n = 31; G14 3rd year, n = 31). Tools of descriptive and bivariate analysis were used. Results Superior performance of the private school students on spelling tests helps their reading as evidenced by their scores for syntactic and semantic processes. When the knowledge of the use of the word in text, extraction of meaning and its understanding was needed, the difficulty of access to the mental lexicon of the studied population became evident. Conclusion The PROLEC-SE-R, in addition to establishing the reading profile of elementary and high school students, shows that the gaps in teaching and learning, which exist between public and private education in the literacy period, accompany students throughout the basic education cycle. Knowing the reading profile and in which process there is a disruption is important so that the teaching of specific strategies can be promoted throughout the entire schooling process, especially in primary and secondary education.

Impactos do TDAH à Adolescência: Revisão Sistemática de Literatura / Impacts of ADHD on Adolescence: Systematic Literature Review

RESUMO: Transtorno do Déficit de Atenção com Hiperatividade (TDAH) é um transtorno do neurodesenvolvimento caracterizado por níveis prejudiciais de desatenção e/ou hiperatividade-impulsividade. Foram investigados resultados obtidos em pesquisas sobre impactos do TDAH ao adolescente e foi utilizada a recomendação PRISMA 2020. As bases de dados consultadas foram: APA PsycNet, Lilacs, Medline, PubMed Central, Scorpus, SciELO, a partir dos seguintes descritores: Transtorno do Déficit de Atenção e Hiperatividade, TDAH, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, ADHD e Adolescente, Adolescentes, Adolescência, Adolescent, Teenager e Adolescence. Os critérios de inclusão foram: artigos publicados em periódicos entre janeiro de 2001 e janeiro de 2021, em português e inglês, completos e disponíveis online, estudos empíricos, revisados por pares, terem adolescentes como participantes e apresentarem no título, resumo ou corpo do texto os descritores referidos. Os dados foram tratados e organizados conforme check list (recomendação PRISMA 2020). Análises estatísticas descritivas foram realizadas com o Excel 2019. Para apresentar os resultados, utilizaram-se o fluxograma PRISMA, quadro e figuras. Incluíram-se 68 artigos que apontaram variedade de impactos negativos ao desenvolvimento do adolescente nas áreas sociais/relacionais, comportamentais, biológicas, neurológicas, cognitivas, psicológicas e psicopatológicas. Possível limitação desta revisão pode ser a não inclusão de artigos em outros idiomas, além do inglês e português. Os resultados sugerem multidimensionalidade dos impactos do TDAH ao adolescente, requerendo abordagem pluridimensional para evitar cronicidade, reduzindo seus efeitos ao desenvolvimento.

ABSTRACT: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by harmful levels of inattention and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity. Results obtained from research on the impact of ADHD on adolescents were investigated and the PRISMA 2020 recommendation was used. The databases consulted: were APA PsycNet, Lilacs, Medline, PubMed Central, Scorpus, SciELO, from the following descriptors: Transtorno do Déficit de Atenção e Hiperatividade, TDAH, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, ADHD and Adolescente, Adolescentes, Adolescência, Adolescent, Teenager and Adolescence. The inclusion criteria were: articles published in journals between January 2001 and January 2021, in Portuguese and English, complete and available online, empirical studies, peer reviewed, with adolescents as participants and presenting in the title, abstract or body of the text the referred descriptors. The data were processed and organized according to the check list (PRISMA 2020 recommendation). Descriptive statistical analyzes were performed using Excel 2019. The PRISMA flowchart, table and figures were used to present the results. Sixty-eight articles were included that pointed to a variety of negative impacts on adolescent development in the social/relational, behavioral, biological, neurological, cognitive, psychological and psychopathological areas. A possible limitation of this review may be the non-inclusion of articles in languages other than English and Portuguese. The results suggest the multidimensionality of the impacts of ADHD on adolescents, requiring a multidimensional approach to avoid chronicity, reducing its effects on development.

Temporal analysis of maternal, care and newborns characteristics in the city of Guarapuava-PR from 2010 to 2019 / Análise temporal de características maternas, assistenciais e de nascidos vivos do município de Guarapuava-PR de 2010 a 2019

Abstract Objectives: to analyze the temporal trend in maternal, care and newborns characteristics, in the city of Guarapuava, Paraná, Brazil in the period of 2010 to 2019. Methods: ecological temporal tendency study is based on Sistema de Informações sobre Nascidos Vivos (Live Birth Information System). To verify changes on the topics, the Prais-Winsten generalized linear regression was applied. Results: data from 28,919 live births were analyzed in 2019, 15.9% of the pregnancies were adolescents, 49.8% were cesarean deliveries and 9.2% were premature childbirths. A reduction in teenage pregnancy was observed, with annual percentage variation (APV) for mothers aged ten to 14 being -0.14% (p=0.005) and 15 to 19 years old -0.82% (p=0.004); there was an increase in mothers' schooling, with an APV of 60.09% (p=0.026) for eight to 11 years of schooling and 11.27% (p<0.001) for 12 or more; there was an increase of 15.33% (p<0.001) for seven or more prenatal consultations and a decrease in the Apgar classifications considering the risk, with scores from zero to two in the 1st minute with an APV=-0.12 (p=0.010) and scores from three to five in the 5th minute with APV=-0.07 (p=0.011). Conclusions: The city of Guarapuava presents important decreased tendencies in early pregnancy and an increase in mothers' schooling, besides the changes regarding the conditions in which their children are born and how they are welcomed.

Resumo Objetivos: analisar a tendência temporal de características maternas, assistenciais e dos recém-nascidos do município de Guarapuava-PR no período de 2010 a 2019. Métodos: estudo ecológico de tendência temporal com dados do Sistema de Informações sobre Nascidos Vivos. Para verificar mudanças nas características avaliadas, utilizou-se regressão linear generalizada de Prais-Winsten. Resultados: analisaram-se dados de 28.919 nascidos vivos; em 2019, 15,9% das gestações foram de adolescentes, 49,8% dos partos cesáreos e 9,2% partos prematuros. Observou-se redução da gravidez na adolescência, com variação percentual anual (VPA) para mães com dez a 14 anos sendo -0,14% (p=0,005) e 15 a 19 anos -0,82% (p=0,004); aumento da escolaridade das mães, com VPA de 60,09% (p=0,026) para oito a 11 anos de estudo e 11,27% (p<0,001) para 12 ou mais; aumento de 15,33% (p<0,001) para sete ou mais consultas de pré-natal realizadas pelas gestantes e queda nas classificações de Apgar consideradas de risco, com notas zero a dois no 1º minuto com VPA=-0,12 (p=0,010) e notas três a cinco no 5º minuto com VPA=-0,07 (p=0,011). Conclusões: Guarapuava apresentou importantes tendências de redução da gravidez precoce e aumento de escolaridade das mães, além de mudanças sobre as condições em que nascem seus filhos e sobre como são acolhidos.

Prevalence and influencing factors analysis of the polycystic ovary syndrome among female college students in Fuzhou City， Jiangxi Province / 上海预防医学

ObjectiveTo investigate the prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome （PCOS） among female college students at a university in Fuzhou City， Jiangxi Province， and to facilitate early detection and intervention of PCOS. MethodsUsing a stratified sampling method， a total of 450 female freshmen were randomly selected for PCOS screening. A self-designed questionnaire was used for data collection， covering menstrual status， high androgen signs， lifestyle， dietary habits， and awareness of PCOS. Sample t test and χ2 test were used to compare the basic information and dietary habits between PCOS and non-PCOS cases. The correlation between various indicators and the prevalence of PCOS was analyzed by a logistic regression model. ResultsA total of 12 PCOS cases were identified， with a prevalence rate of 2.99%. PCOS cases exhibited statistically significant differences compared to non-PCOS cases in terms of waist-to-hip ratio， waist circumference， abdominal obesity， the proportion of overweight or obese individuals， and a preference for sweet food （all P<0.05）. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed a significant correlation between preference for sweet food and the occurrence of PCOS （OR=4.858， 95%CI=1.199‒19.675，P=0.027）， as well as a significant correlation with PCOS accompanied by abdominal obesity （OR=7.083， 95%CI=0.773‒64.937， P=0.048）. Among the female college students surveyed， 37.90% had never heard of PCOS， 51.62% were only familiar with the name of the disease， and 10.47% had attempted to search for PCOS-related information. ConclusionThe prevalence of PCOS among female college students should not be overlooked and unhealthy dietary habits may be a crucial factor contributing to the occurrence of PCOS during this period. Early screening for PCOS during puberty is crucial.

Correlations between childhood maltreatment, anxiety and depressive symptoms, and risk behaviors in adolescent schoolchildren

Abstract Objective Childhood maltreatment is extremely harmful to health, especially in relation to development of the psychiatric disorders throughout life. The objective of this study was to describe the prevalence and types of maltreatment in a sample of adolescent schoolchildren and to investigate associations between maltreatment types and anxiety and depressive symptoms, sociodemographic variables, and risk behaviors. The study also identified which variables were the greatest predictors of anxiety and depressive symptoms. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study with a sample of 654 school students aged 11 to 17 years. We collected sociodemographic data and administered the Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale (RCADS-47) to measure anxiety and depressive symptoms as well as the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) to evaluate maltreatment and adverse experiences such as abuse and negligence during childhood and adolescence. Statistical analyses were conducted to estimate correlations between sociodemographic data, anxiety, depression, and types of maltreatment. A regression analysis was also conducted to identify maltreatment types that predict psychological symptoms. Results Emotional abuse and emotional neglect were the most prevalent types of maltreatment. Statistically, emotional abuse was the maltreatment type most strongly correlated with depression and anxiety and tended to co-occur with other types of maltreatment. Additionally, emotional and sexual abuse were the greatest predictors of anxiety and depression in adolescents. Conclusion The above results reinforce the findings of previous studies in terms of understanding the effects of maltreatment. They identify emotional abuse as the main predictor of depressive and anxiety symptoms.

Prevalence of alcohol, tobacco, and illicit drugs consumption during teenage pregnancy: an observational, prospective, and cross-sectional study / Prevalencia del consumo de alcohol, tabaco y drogas ilícitas durante el embarazo en adolescentes: un estudio observacional, prospectivo y transversal

Abstract Background: Teenage pregnancy is a significant public health issue in Mexico; its prevalence oscillates around 20% of all pregnancies. Concurrently, alcohol, tobacco, and illicit drug use have become more common in this age group. Methods: To estimate the prevalence of substance exposure in a population of pregnant teenagers, we conducted a prospective, observational, and cross-sectional study. The protocol was approved by the institutional review board. On informed consent, we asked 420 consecutive pregnant youngsters cared for at the outpatient obstetric service of a tertiary public regional women´s and children´s hospital in Nuevo León, in northeast Mexico, to answer a previously validated questionnaire to estimate the prevalence of alcohol, tobacco, or illicit drugs use during pregnancy. Results: Of the 420 participants, 317 (75.5%) consumed at least one substance during pregnancy. Alcohol, either alone or in combination, was consumed by 300 (71.7%) participants. Tobacco was used by 117 (27.8%) participants, almost always in combination with other substances, while marijuana and other illicit drugs were consumed by 92 (21.9%) participants. Approximately one-fourth of the participants, 102 (24.1%) reported no substance use during pregnancy. Conclusions: In this series, the reported prevalence of alcohol, tobacco, and illicit drugs consumption during pregnancy, explored with a validated instrument, is higher than that previously reported in our country. This fact offers a worrying picture of another set of factors adding to the burden of teenage pregnancy.

Resumen Introducción: El embarazo en la adolescencia ha adquirido gran importancia en la salud pública en México; su prevalencia oscila alrededor del 20% de los embarazos. Paralelamente, el consumo de alcohol, tabaco y drogas ilícitas en este periodo es cada vez más común en estas jóvenes. Métodos: Para estimar la prevalencia de exposición a estas substancias en adolescentes embarazadas, se llevó a cabo un estudio prospectivo, observacional y transversal. El protocolo fue aprobado por los Comités de Ética e Investigación. Previo consentimiento informado, se solicito a 420 jóvenes embarazadas atendidas en la clínica prenatal del hospital materno-infantil más grande en Nuevo León, que respondieran un cuestionario previamente validado para estimar la prevalencia del consumo de substancias. Resultados: De 420 participantes, 317 (75.5%) consumieron al menos una de estas sustancias durante el embarazo. El alcohol, solo o en combinación, fue consumido por 300 (71.5%). El tabaco fue usado por 117 (27.8%), casi siempre en combinación con otras sustancias, mientras que la mariguana y otras drogas ilícitas fueron consumidas por 92 (21.9%) participantes. Alrededor de una cuarta parte del grupo estudiado (24.1%) reportó no haber consumido ninguna de estas substancias en su embarazo. Conclusiones: En nuestra serie, la prevalencia de consumo de alcohol, tabaco y drogas ilícitas durante el embarazo, explorada con un instrumento validado, es mayor de la reportada en estimaciones previas en nuestro país. Estos datos ofrecen un panorama preocupante de una serie de factores que se agregan a la carga del embarazo en la adolescencia.

Propósito vital y experiencias positivas en actividades de disfrute en adolescentes de Buenos Aires / Purpose in life and positive experience in enjoyment activities in adolescents of Buenos Aires

Resumen. Objetivo. Poner a prueba un modelo predictivo de la identificación de propósito vital (PV) a partir de las experiencias de disfrute, la realización personal y la claridad en el autoconcepto. Método. Participaron 511 adolescentes (13 a 19 años y de ambos sexos) escolarizados del Área Metropolitana Bonaerense. Se utilizaron cuestionarios de autoinforme para medir las variables estudiadas. Además, se realizó un Modelo de Ecuaciones Estructurales con el método de estimación de Mínimos Cuadrados Generalizados. Resultados. El afecto positivo y el involucramiento en la actividad favorita presentan un efecto indirecto sobre el PV, mediado por la realización personal. La claridad en el autoconcepto y el sentido de realización personal tienen un efecto directo sobre el PV.

Abstract. Objective. To test a predictive model of finding Purpose in life (PL) from the experiences of enjoyment, personal fulfillment and self-concept clarity. Method. Participants were 511 adolescents (13 to 19 years old and of both sexes) attending schools in the Buenos Aires Metropolitan Area. Self-report questionnaires were used to measure the variables studied. A Structural Equation Model was performed using the Generalized Least Squares estimation method. Results. Positive affect and involvement in the favorite activity have an indirect effect on PL, mediated by personal fulfillment. On the other hand, self-concept clarity and the sense of personal fulfillment have a direct effect on PL. Based on these results, it is possible to highlight the importance of promoting experiences of enjoyment and the possibilities of personal fulfillment in the activities carried out by adolescents.

Intención de consumo de alcohol en adolescentes que cursan estudios en la enseñanza técnica profesional

Introducción: El consumo excesivo de bebidas alcohólicas por los adolescentes, constituye un problema de salud emergente, cuya solución ha devenido en prioridad mundial. El determinante inmediato para la ejecución de una conducta es la intención del individuo, por lo que es un momento preciso para aplicar acciones preventivas. Objetivos: Explorar la intención de consumo de alcohol y su relación con variables sociodemográficas y de consumo. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal, con 143 adolescentes entre 15 y 18 años de edad, seleccionados mediante un muestreo aleatorio simple. Se les aplicó el cuestionario de intención de uso de alcohol. Resultados: El 84,6 % de los adolescentes había consumido alcohol; el 45,5 % tenía 18 años de edad y el 57,9 % eran varones. La edad de inicio del consumo fue de 15 años para el 41,3 %. El puntaje medio en la escala actitud fue mayor, de forma significativa, en los consumidores (p= 0,000). La actitud es la dimensión que más contribuyó a la iniciación en el consumo de alcohol (Wald= 14,56; p= 0,000). Conclusiones: Los adolescentes se caracterizan por ser en su mayoría consumidores de bebidas alcohólicas, con predominio del sexo masculino y una edad promedio de inicio del consumo de 15 años. La variable fundamental favorecedora de la intención de consumo de alcohol es la actitud positiva hacia el consumo, frecuentemente reforzada en el ambiente social y familiar.

Introduction: Excessive consumption of alcoholic beverages by adolescents, constitutes an emerging health problem, whose solution has become a global priority. The immediate determinant for the execution of a behavior is the intention of the individual, so it is a precise moment to apply preventive actions. Objectives: To explore the intention to consume alcohol and its relationship with sociodemographic and consumption variables. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out with 143 adolescents between 15 and 18 years of age, selected by simple random sampling. They were administered the alcohol use intention questionnaire. Results: 84.6% of the adolescents had consumed alcohol; 45.5% were 18 years old and 57.9% were male. The age of onset of consumption was 15 years for 41.3%. The mean score on the attitude scale was significantly higher in consumers (p= 0.000). Attitude is the dimension that contributed most to the initiation of alcohol consumption (Wald= 14.56; p= 0.000). Conclusions: Adolescents are characterized by being mostly consumers of alcoholic beverages, with a predominance of male sex and an average age of onset of consumption of 15 years. The fundamental variable favoring the intention to consume alcohol is the positive attitude towards consumption, frequently reinforced in the social and family environment.

Coinvestigación con NNA: una revisión sistemática de literatura según las directrices Prisma / Co-research with children and adolescents: a systematic literature review using the Prisma statement

(analítico) Se realiza una revisión que examina la participación de niños, niñas y adolescentes como coinvestigadores. El estudio se apoya en la declaración para revisión sistemática de literatura Prisma y analiza las producciones científicas entre 2019 y 2022. Los artículos revisados revelan tendencias en los roles y las denominaciones que se asignan a los niños, niñas y adolescentes en la investigación, así como metodologías participativas que los reconocen como sujetos de derechos y expertos de su entorno, capaces de participar en la co-construcción de conocimiento con los adultos investigadores. También se identifican desafíos metodológicos, éticos y políticos que enfatizan la necesidad de una reflexión crítica sobre el propósito y las implicaciones de la participación infantil, las dinámicas de poder involucradas y el reconocimiento de las capacidades y perspectivas de los niños, niñas y adolescentes.

(analytical) This article conducts a systematic literature review of children and adolescents' participation as co-researchers. The study uses the PRISMA statement and analyzes scientific publications between 2019 and 2022. The reviewed articles reveal different trends regarding the roles and names assigned to children and adolescents as co-researchers. The authors also encountered a number of participatory methodologies that recognize this population as subjects of rights and experts in relation to their own settings who are capable of actively participating in the co-construction of knowledge with adult researchers. Methodological, ethical, and political challenges that occur with this research modality are identified in the reviewed articles. This highlights the need for critical reflection about the purpose and implications of child and adolescent participation in research, the power dynamics involved, and the importance of recognizing this population's diverse capacities and perspectives as part of this process.

(analítico) É realizada uma revisão sistemática da literatura da categoria co-investigação utilizada em metodologias participativas com crianças e adolescentes, seus papéis e as etapas dos processos investigativos em que intervêm. O estudo é baseado na declaração Prisma, e analisa as produções científicas no período de 2019 a 2022. Os artigos revisados revelam tendências nos papéis atribuídos a crianças e adolescentes nas pesquisas, bem como metodologias participativas que os reconhecem como sujeitos de direitos e especialistas em seu contexto, capazes de participar da co-construção do conhecimento com os adultos pesquisadores. Também são identificados desafios metodológicos, éticos e políticos, que enfatizam a necessidade de reflexão crítica sobre o propósito e as implicações da participação infantil, as dinâmicas de poder envolvidas e o reconhecimento das capacidades e perspectivas das crianças.

Evolución del riesgo y protección en la infancia y la adolescencia / Evolution of risk and vulnerability in childhood and adolescence

(analítico) Los factores de riesgo y protección pueden ser utilizados para evaluar, prevenir e intervenir en el maltrato infantil. El objetivo de este estudio es analizar longitudinalmente el riesgo en la infancia y la adolescencia, para determinar qué factores pueden ser empleados como indicadores de evolución. Se empleó una muestra de 102 niños, niñas y adolescentes que participaban en el sistema de bienestar infantil español, en tres momentos temporales. Los resultados indicaron que existe una evolución del riesgo, con una tendencia general de disminución de riesgos e incremento de elementos protectores. Nuestros hallazgos identificaron la existencia de factores dinámicos y estáticos. Este estudio pone de manifiesto la relevancia de la atención e intervención continuada y a largo plazo para fortalecer los factores de protección y disminuir los de riesgo en niños, niñas y adolescentes.

(analytical) Risk and protective factors can be used for risk and needs assessments, prevention, and intervention in cases involving mistreatment of children. The aim of this study is to provide a longitudinal analysis of risks and vulnerabilities in childhood and adolescence, with the goal of determining which factors can be used as indicators for progress with cases. A sample of 102 children and adolescents supported by the child welfare system in Spain was used along with measurements based on three different points in time. The study's results indicated that there is a change in risk levels, with a general trend of decreasing risk and increasing protective elements. The study's findings identified the existence of a group of dynamic factors and another group of static factors. This study highlighted the relevance of continuous and long-term care and intervention in order to strengthen protection and decrease risks for children.

(analítico) Os factores de risco e protecção podem ser utilizados para avaliar, prevenir e intervir em casos de maustratos a crianças. O objectivo deste estudo é analisar o risco na infância e adolescência longitudinalmente, a fim de determinar que factores podem ser utilizados como indicadores de evolução. Uma amostra de 102 crianças e adolescentes participantes no sistema espanhol de bem-estar infantil foi utilizada em três pontos no tempo. Os resultados indicaram que existe uma evolução do risco, com uma tendência geral de diminuição do risco e aumento dos elementos protectores. Os nossos resultados identificaram a existência de factores dinâmicos e estáticos. Este estudo destaca a relevância dos cuidados e intervenções contínuos e a longo prazo para reforçar os factores de protecção e diminuir os factores de risco nas crianças.