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1.
Rev. latinoam. enferm. (Online) ; 31: e4001, Jan.-Dec. 2023. tab, graf
Статья в испанский | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-1522045

Реферат

Objetivo: analizar cómo los trabajadores de enfermería de unidades hospitalarias de COVID-19 perciben las repercusiones físicas y psicológicas del trabajo sobre su salud, e identificar los factores asociados a la percepción. Método: estudio de métodos mixtos de convergencia paralela realizado con 359 trabajadores de enfermería de unidades de COVID-19 en siete hospitales. Para la recolección de datos cuantitativos se utilizó un cuestionario que contiene variables sociodemográficas, laborales y relacionadas con la percepción de repercusiones físicas y psicológicas, y para los datos cualitativos se utilizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas. Para el análisis se utilizó estadística inferencial y análisis de contenido temático Resultados: os trabajadores diurnos, que tenían más de un trabajo y trabajaban más de 41 horas/semana, percibieron las repercusiones físicas como más moderadas/intensas, debido a la sobrecarga y falta de días libres. Los enfermeros CLT percibieron repercusiones psicológicas más moderadas/intensas, y las atribuyeron a la sobrecarga gerencial y la insatisfacción laboral. Las mujeres tenían 97% más probabilidades de percibir repercusiones físicas y tres veces más probabilidades de percibir repercusiones psicológicas, en comparación con los hombres, en referencia a la sobrecarga doméstica y familiar. Conclusión: las sobrecargas laborales y familiares, intensificadas por la pandemia, se asociaron con la intensidad con la que los trabajadores de enfermería percibieron las repercusiones físicas y psíquicas.


Objective: to analyze how Nursing workers in COVID-19 hospital units perceive the physical and psychological repercussions of work on their health, as well as to identify the factors associated with their perceptions. Method: a parallel-convergent mixedmethods study conducted with 359 Nursing workers from COVID-19 units in seven hospitals. For the collection of quantitative data, a questionnaire containing sociodemographic and labor variables and related to perceptions of physical and psychological repercussions were used, and for qualitative data, semi-structured interviews were used. For the analysis, inferential statistics and thematic content analysis were used. Results: daytime workers, who had more than one employment contract and worked more than 41 hours/week perceived more moderate/intense physical repercussions, reporting overload and time off deficits. Nurses and CLT workers perceived psychological repercussions more moderately/intensely, mentioning managerial overload and job dissatisfaction. Women were 97% more likely to perceive physical repercussions and three times more likely to perceive psychological repercussions when compared to men, reporting household and family overloads. Conclusion: work and family overloads, intensified by the pandemic context, were associated with the intensity with which Nursing workers perceived physical and psychological repercussions.


Objetivo: analisar como os trabalhadores de enfermagem de unidades hospitalares COVID-19 percebem as repercussões físicas e psicológicas do trabalho em sua saúde e os fatores associados à sua percepção. Método: estudo de métodos mistos paralelo-convergente realizado com 359 trabalhadores lotados em unidades COVID-19 de sete hospitais. Para a coleta de dados quantitativos foram utilizados um questionário contendo variáveis sociodemográficas, laborais e relacionadas às percepções de repercussões físicas e psicológicas e, para a qualitativa, entrevistas semiestruturadas. Para a análise utilizou-se estatística inferencial e análise temática de conteúdo. Resultados: trabalhadores diurnos, que tinham mais de um vínculo empregatício e trabalhavam mais de 41 horas/semana perceberam as repercussões físicas como mais moderadas/intensas, devido à sobrecarga e déficit de folgas. Enfermeiros e celetistas perceberam as repercussões psicológicas mais moderadas/intensas, atribuindo-as à sobrecarga gerencial e insatisfação trabalhista. Mulheres apresentaram 97% mais chance de perceberem repercussões físicas e três vezes mais chance de perceberem repercussões psicológicas, quando comparadas aos homens, referindo sobrecarga doméstica e familiar. Conclusão: sobrecargas laborais e familiares, intensificadas pelo contexto pandêmico, foram associadas à intensidade com a qual os trabalhadores da enfermagem perceberam repercussões físicas e psicológicas.


Тема - темы
Humans , Male , Female , Employment , COVID-19/epidemiology , Job Satisfaction , Nursing Staff
2.
Estud. pesqui. psicol. (Impr.) ; 23(1): 138-157, maio 2023.
Статья в португальский | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1434428

Реферат

O envelhecimento progressivo da sociedade demanda maior atenção aos aspectos profissionais de pessoas de meia-idade. Este estudo objetivou compreender os sentidos que 10 brasileiros entre 50 e 59 anos atribuem ao trabalho em um momento de transição de carreira. Trata-se de uma pesquisa fenomenológica, que empregou narrativas compreensivas individuais, elaboradas a partir de um encontro dialógico com cada participante, cujos sentidos e vivências compuseram uma narrativa síntese, representativa do todo. Os elementos estruturantes foram: a) transição profissional como fator de sofrimento; b) construção da identidade pessoal e social por meio do trabalho; c) trabalho como fonte de propósito de vida; d) trabalho como principal espaço de interação social; e) trabalho como recurso financeiro e subsistência foram discutidos a partir da Abordagem Experiencial de Gendlin. Descrevem-se tensões, desafios e a importância existencial do trabalho como mediador de sentidos. Fica evidenciada a necessidade de melhor preparo para transições laborais nessa fase de vida.


The progressive aging of society demands greater attention to the professional aspects of middle-aged people. This study aimed to understand the meanings that 10 Brazilians between 50 and 59-years old attribute to work in a moment of career transition. It is a phenomenological research that used individual comprehensive narratives, elaborated from a dialogical encounter with each participant, whose meanings and experiences comprised a synthesis narrative, representative of the whole. The structuring elements: a) professional transition as a factor of suffering; b) construction of personal and social identity through work; c) work as a source of life purpose; d) work as the main space for social interaction; e) work as a financial resource and subsistence were discussed based on Gendlin's Experiential Approach. Tensions, challenges and the existential importance of work as a meaningfulness mediator are described. The need for better preparation for work transitions in this stage of life is shown.


El progresivo envejecimiento de la sociedad exige una mayor atención a los aspectos profesionales de las personas de mediana edad. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo comprender los significados que 10 brasileños entre 50 y 59 años atribuyen al trabajo en un momento de transición profesional. Se trata de una investigación fenomenológica que utilizó narrativas comprensivas individuales, elaboradas a partir de un encuentro dialógico con cada participante, cuyos significados y vivencias conformaron una narrativa de síntesis, representativa del todo. Los elementos estructurantes: a) la transición profesional como factor de sufrimiento; b) construcción de identidad personal y social a través del trabajo; c) el trabajo como fuente de propósito de vida; d) trabajar como espacio principal de interacción social; e) el trabajo como recurso financiero y la subsistencia se discutieron sobre la base del Enfoque Experiencial de Gendlin. Se describen tensiones, desafíos y la importancia existencial del trabajo como mediador de significados. Se evidencia la necesidad de una mejor preparación para las transiciones laborales en esta etapa de la vida.


Тема - темы
Humans , Middle Aged , Social Identification , Work , Aging , Employment/organization & administration , Middle Aged , Brazil , Longevity
3.
Enferm. foco (Brasília) ; 14: 1-6, mar. 20, 2023. tab, graf
Статья в португальский | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-1433775

Реферат

Objetivo: Analisar a empregabilidade de enfermeiros formados em um campus do interior do Brasil. Métodos: Estudo transversal, realizado com 144 egressos de quatro turmas de um curso de enfermagem, na cidade de Floriano, Piauí. A coleta de dados foi realizada no segundo semestre de 2016, via Google Forms. Foram investigadas variáveis socioeconômicas, relacionadas à empregabilidade e ao grau de satisfação com a profissão. Resultados: 61 pessoas participaram do estudo e taxa de empregabilidade em torno dos 75%. O principal campo de atuação profissional foi na atenção hospitalar. Dentre os motivos para o desemprego, prevaleceu a falta de concursos públicos (33%) e a pouca oferta de emprego na região (25%). Conclusão: Os achados permitiram compreender as dificuldades enfrentadas pelos egressos no que diz respeito a inserção no mercado de trabalho, destacando a importância da qualificação profissional e o estímulo na ampliação de habilidades e competências na área de enfermagem. (AU)


Objective: To analyze the employability of nurses trained on campus in the interior of Brazil. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out with 144 graduates from four classes of a nursing course in the city of Floriano, Piauí. Data collection was carried out in the second half of 2016, via Google Forms. Socioeconomic variables related to employability and the degree of satisfaction with the profession were investigated. Results: 61 people participated in the study and the employability rate around 75%. The main field of professional activity was in hospital care. Among the reasons for unemployment, the lack of public examinations (33%) and the low job offer in the region (25%) prevailed. Conclusion: The findings allowed us to understand the difficulties faced by graduates about insertion in the labor market, highlighting the importance of professional qualification and the encouragement to expand skills and competencies in the field of nursing. (AU)


Objetivo: Analizar la empleabilidad de enfermeras formadas en un campus del interior de Brasil. Métodos: Estudio transversal realizado con 144 egresados de cuatro clases de un curso de enfermería en la ciudad de Floriano, Piauí. La recolección de datos se realizó en el segundo semestre de 2016, a través de Google Forms. Se investigaron variables socioeconómicas relacionadas con la empleabilidad y el grado de satisfacción con la profesión. Resultados: 61 personas participaron en el estudio y la tasa de empleabilidad ronda el 75%. El principal campo de actividad profesional fue la atención hospitalaria. Entre los motivos del desempleo, predominaron la falta de exámenes públicos (33%) y la baja oferta laboral en la región (25%). Conclusion: Los hallazgos permitieron comprender las dificultades que enfrentan los egresados con respecto a la inserción en el mercado laboral, destacando la importancia de la calificación profesional y el estímulo para expandir habilidades y competencias en el campo de la enfermería. (AU)


Тема - темы
Employment , Universities , Nursing , Education , Job Market
4.
Rev. argent. salud publica ; 15: 1-8, 16 Febrero 2023.
Статья в испанский | LILACS, ARGMSAL, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1437137

Реферат

INTRODUCCIÓN: El empleo es uno de los componentes centrales de la recuperación en personas con trastornos mentales severos y un aspecto clave en la validación social. El objetivo del estudio fue conocer la experiencia laboral, el interés por trabajar, las conductas específicas de búsqueda laboral, el estatus ocupacional y las actitudes frente al trabajo en esta población. MÉTODOS: Un total de 103 personas en tratamiento en una institución de salud mental de la ciudad de Buenos Aires completaron un cuestionario censal en 2018 con preguntas abiertas y cerradas. El análisis fue mixto, con cálculo y comparación de frecuencias según grupos y análisis temático. RESULTADOS: La mayoría de los participantes tenía experiencia laboral, aunque solo el 29% estaba trabajando. El 93% de quienes no trabajaban dijo tener interés en hacerlo. Solo un 33% de quienes no tenían trabajo realizaban actividades para conseguirlo. Un 85% consideró que podría tener problemas en caso de trabajar y el 15% señaló que podría hacerle mal. No se observaron diferencias significativas según diagnóstico o género. DISCUSIÓN: El elevado interés por trabajar de las personas con trastornos mentales severos contrasta con un porcentaje considerable que, pese a ello, no busca trabajo y anticipa dificultades laborales. El estigma podría ser uno de los mayores obstáculos para la búsqueda y la inclusión laboral. Los programas de apoyo al empleo deben considerar algunos de los problemas hallados en este estudio.


Тема - темы
Unemployment , Employment , Mental Health Recovery , Mental Disorders
5.
Psicol. ciênc. prof ; 43: e252949, 2023. graf
Статья в португальский | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1440791

Реферат

As startups são empresas que apresentam modelos de negócios marcados pela inovação, rapidez, flexibilidade e alta capacidade de adaptação aos mercados. Atuando em diferentes setores socioeconômicos, elas prometem criar e transformar produtos e serviços. A emergência e disseminação dessas empresas ocorrem em um momento histórico de mudanças iniciadas a partir de 1970 e marcadas pelas crises geradas com o esgotamento do paradigma da sociedade urbano industrial. No Brasil, o número desse modelo de negócio apresentou uma expansão expressiva, alcançando a marca de 13.374 nos últimos cinco anos. Atento a esse cenário, o objetivo desta pesquisa consistiu em compreender como sujeitos, grupos e instituições atribuem sentidos à experiência de trabalho nas chamadas startups. Na parte teórica, as condições sociais e econômicas que possibilitaram a emergência e disseminação das startups são analisadas em uma perspectiva crítica. A parte empírica, por sua vez, apresenta depoimentos de empreendedores relatando o contexto geral de atuação nas startups. Ao final deste artigo, conclui-se que há uma instrumentalização capitalística de componentes subjetivos específicos selecionados e colocados em circulação para fortalecer o modo de produção capitalista financeirizado.(AU)


Startups are companies that have business models characterized by innovation, speed, flexibility, and a high capacity to adapt to markets. Operating in different socioeconomic sectors, they promise to create and transform products and services. The emergence and dissemination of these companies occur at a historical moment of changes that began from 1970 and are marked by the crises generated by the exhaustion of the paradigm of industrial urban society. In Brazil, the number of businesses in this model showed a significant expansion, reaching 13,374 companies in the last five years. Attentive to this scenario, the objective of this research was to understand how subjects, groups, and institutions attribute meanings to the work experience in so-called startups. In the theoretical part, the social and economic conditions that enabled the emergence and dissemination of startups are analyzed in a critical perspective. The empirical part presents entrepreneurs reporting the general context of action in startups. At the end of this article, it is concluded that there is a capitalistic instrumentalization of specific subjective components that are selected and put into circulation to strengthen the financed capitalist production.(AU)


Las startups son empresas que tienen modelos de negocio marcados por la innovación, la velocidad, la flexibilidad y una alta capacidad de adaptación a los mercados. Desde diferentes sectores socioeconómicos, las startups prometen crear y transformar productos y servicios. La aparición y difusión de estas empresas se produce en un momento histórico de cambios que comenzó a partir de 1970 y que está marcado por crisis generadas por el agotamiento del paradigma de la sociedad urbana industrial. En Brasil, estas empresas se expandieron significativamente alcanzando la marca de 13.374 empresas en los últimos cinco años. En este escenario, el objetivo de esta investigación fue entender cómo los sujetos, grupos e instituciones atribuyen significados a la experiencia laboral en las startups. En la parte teórica, se analizan las condiciones sociales y económicas que permitieron el surgimiento y la difusión de las startups en una perspectiva crítica. La parte empírica presenta testimonios de emprendedores que informan sobre el trabajo en startups. La investigación concluye que hay una instrumentalización capitalista de componentes subjetivos específicos que se seleccionan y ponen en circulación para fortalecer el modo de producción capitalista financiero.(AU)


Тема - темы
Humans , Male , Female , Personal Satisfaction , Psychology, Social , Work , Organizations , Capitalism , Organization and Administration , Organizational Innovation , Peer Group , Personality , Politics , Professional Corporations , Professional Practice , Psychology , Public Relations , Risk Management , Safety , Salaries and Fringe Benefits , Social Adjustment , Social Change , Social Values , Technology , Thinking , Work Hours , Decision Making, Organizational , Competitive Bidding , Capital Financing , Artificial Intelligence , Consensus Development Conferences as Topic , Organizational Culture , Health , Administrative Personnel , Occupational Health , Planning Techniques , Adolescent , Entrepreneurship , Employment, Supported , Private Sector , Models, Organizational , Interview , Total Quality Management , Time Management , Efficiency, Organizational , Competitive Behavior , Natural Resources , Consumer Behavior , Contract Services , Benchmarking , Patent , Outsourced Services , Cultural Evolution , Marketing , Diffusion of Innovation , Economic Competition , Efficiency , Employment , Scientific and Educational Events , Products Commerce , Evaluation Studies as Topic , Agribusiness , Planning , High-Throughput Screening Assays , Small Business , Social Networking , Financial Management , Inventions , Crowdsourcing , Cloud Computing , Work-Life Balance , Stakeholder Participation , Sustainable Growth , Freedom , Big Data , Facilities and Services Utilization , e-Commerce , Blockchain , Universal Design , Augmented Reality , Intelligence , Investments , Mass Media , Occupations
6.
Psicol. ciênc. prof ; 43: e252476, 2023. graf
Статья в португальский | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1448942

Реферат

Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar a vivência de trabalho precoce de adolescentes e jovens em cumprimento de medida socioeducativa, no estado da Paraíba. Os instrumentos utilizados foram um Questionário Mosquito Diagnóstico e uma Entrevista Semiestruturada. A análise foi realizada com o software Iramuteq, (Interface de R pour les Analyses Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionnaires), através da Análise Hierárquica Descendente, que gerou seis classes: significado do trabalho; infância e escola; condições objetivas de vida; trabalho, drogas e ato infracional; consequências do trabalho infantil; e trabalho infantojuvenil. A perspectiva teórica utilizada foi a psicologia histórico-cultural e os dados discutidos a partir do conceito de vivência. Conclui-se que as vivências e situações sociais de desenvolvimento foram caracterizadas pelo trabalho precoce que oportunizou o envolvimento com atos infracionais e as instituições responsáveis pela garantia de direitos em vez de garantir a proteção social, criminalizaram por meio de medidas socioeducativas.(AU)


This article aims to analyze the experience of child labor of adolescents and youngsters that are complying a social-educational measure, in the State of Paraíba. The instruments utilized were a Questionnaire Mosquito Diagnóstico and a Semi-Structured Interview. The analysis was performed by using the Iramuteq software (Interface de R pour les Analyses Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionnaires), by using Descending Hierarchical Analysis, which generated six classes: meaning of labor; childhood and school; objective conditions of life; labor, drugs, and act of infraction; consequences of child labor; and child labor. The theoretical perspective used was historical-cultural psychology and the data were discussed from the concept of experience. It was concluded that the experiences and social situations of development were characterized by child labor, which enabled the involvement with acts of infraction; and the institutions responsible for guaranteeing rights, instead of guaranteeing social protection, criminalized by using social-educational measures.(AU)


Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar la vivencia precoz de adolescentes y jóvenes que cumplen medidas socioeducativas en el estado de Paraíba (Brasil). Los instrumentos utilizados fueron un Cuestionario Mosquito Diagnóstico y una entrevista semiestructurada. El análisis se realizó con el software Iramuteq (Interface de R pour les Multidimensionnelles Analyzes de Textes et de Questionnaires), mediante análisis jerárquico descendente, que generó seis clases: Significado del trabajo; Infancia y escuela; Condiciones objetivas de vida; Trabajo, drogas y acto de infracción; Consecuencias del trabajo infantil; y Trabajo infantojuvenil. La perspectiva teórica que se utilizó fue la psicología histórico-cultural, y los datos se discutieron desde el concepto de vivencia. Se concluye que las vivencias y situaciones sociales de desarrollo se caracterizaron por trabajo infantil que permitió la participación en infracciones y que las instituciones responsables de garantizar los derechos en lugar de la protección social los criminalizaron mediante medidas socioeducativas.(AU)


Тема - темы
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Young Adult , Child Labor , Adolescent , Education , Personality , Play and Playthings , Poverty , Prejudice , Sex Work , Psychology , Public Policy , Punishment , Schools , Self Concept , Social Change , Social Class , Social Conditions , Social Support , Socialization , Socioeconomic Factors , Stereotyping , Student Dropouts , Suicide, Attempted , Theft , Violence , Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms , Work Hours , Child Abuse, Sexual , Mainstreaming, Education , Occupational Risks , Accidents, Occupational , Family , Illicit Drugs , Child, Abandoned , Child Advocacy , Child, Institutionalized , Child Welfare , Self-Injurious Behavior , Civil Rights , Family Planning Policy , Sexual Harassment , Communication , Adult , Legislation , Counseling , Crime , Dangerous Behavior , Adolescent Health , Death , Deinstitutionalization , Friends , Minors , Aggression , Human Rights Abuses , Educational Status , Employment , Health Vulnerability , Job Market , Bullying , Remuneration , Social Discrimination , Drug Trafficking , Enslaved Persons , Social Capital , Emotional Adjustment , Underage Drinking , Literacy , Help-Seeking Behavior , Self-Control , Psychiatric Rehabilitation , Psychosocial Support Systems , Work-Life Balance , Frailty , Survivorship , Recidivism , Academic Failure , Adverse Childhood Experiences , Cyberbullying , Data Analysis , Involuntary Commitment , Return to School , Sustenance , Emotional Abuse , Financial Stress , Life Course Perspective , Housing Instability , Social Vulnerability , Citizenship , Homicide , Household Work , Human Rights , Institutionalization , Juvenile Delinquency , Language , Mental Health Services
7.
Psicol. ciênc. prof ; 43: e253659, 2023.
Статья в португальский | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1448943

Реферат

Partindo da pergunta "Como tem sido ser mulher e mãe em tempos de pandemia?", o presente estudo convidou mulheres que são mães, em redes sociais virtuais, a partilhar um relato de suas experiências com a readaptação parental em função do distanciamento social causado pela pandemia de covid-19. O objetivo foi refletir sobre a experiência de ser mulher e mãe em tempos de covid-19 e distanciamento social, apontando algumas ressonâncias do cenário pandêmico na subjetividade dessas mulheres. O estudo teve como base o referencial psicanalítico, tanto na construção da pesquisa e análise dos relatos quanto na sua discussão. A análise dos cerca de 340 relatos coletados, os quais variaram de uma breve frase a longos parágrafos, apontou para uma série de questionamentos, pontos de análise e reflexões. A pandemia, e o decorrente distanciamento social, parece ter colocado uma lente de aumento sobre as angústias das mulheres que são mães, evidenciando sentimentos e sofrimentos sempre presentes. Destacaram-se, nos relatos, a sobrecarga das mulheres com as tarefas de cuidado dos filhos e da casa, a culpa, a solidão, a exaustão, e o sentimento de que não havia espaço nesse contexto para "ser mulher", sendo isso entendido especialmente a questões estéticas e de vaidade.(AU)


Starting from the question "How does it feel to be a woman and a mother in pandemic times?", this study invited women who are mothers, in virtual social networks, to share their experiences regarding parental adaptations due to social distancing caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. The objective was to reflect on the experience of being a woman and a mother in the context of COVID-19 and of social distancing, pointing out some resonances of the pandemic scenario in the subjectivity of these women. The study was based on the psychoanalytical framework, both in the construction of the research and analysis of the reports and in their discussion. The analysis of about 340 collected reports, which ranged from a brief sentence to long paragraphs, pointed to a series of questions, analysis topics, and reflections. The pandemic, and the resulting social distancing, seems to have placed a magnifying glass over the anguish of women who are mothers, showing ever-present feelings and suffering. The reports highlighted women's overload with child and house care tasks, the guilt, loneliness, exhaustion, and the feeling that there was no space in this context to "be a woman," and it extends to aesthetic and vanity related questions especially.(AU)


A partir de la pregunta "¿cómo te sientes siendo mujer y madre en tiempos de pandemia?", este estudio invitó por las redes sociales a mujeres que son madres a compartir un relato de sus experiencias sobre la readaptación parental en función del distanciamiento social causado por la pandemia del covid-19. Su objetivo fue reflexionar sobre la experiencia de ser mujer y madre en tiempos del covid-19 y el distanciamiento social, señalando algunas resonancias del escenario pandémico en la subjetividad de estas mujeres. Este estudio se basó en el marco psicoanalítico, tanto en la construcción de la investigación y análisis de los informes como en su discusión. El análisis de los casi 340 relatos, que variaron de una pequeña frase a largos párrafos, generó en las investigadoras una serie de cuestionamientos y reflexiones. La pandemia y el consecuente distanciamiento social parece haber agrandado las angustias de las mujeres que son madres, evidenciando sentimientos y sufrimientos siempre presentes. En los relatos destacan la sobrecarga de las mujeres con las tareas de cuidado de los hijos y del hogar, la culpa, la soledad, el cansancio, así como el sentimiento de que no hay espacio em este contexto para "ser mujer", relacionado principalmente a cuestiones estéticas y de vanidad.(AU)


Тема - темы
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Psychoanalysis , Women , Parenting , Pandemics , COVID-19 , Anxiety , Parent-Child Relations , Paternal Behavior , Paternity , Prenatal Care , Psychology , Psychology, Social , Relaxation , Self Care , Self Concept , Social Adjustment , Social Responsibility , Socialization , Socioeconomic Factors , Stereotyping , Stress, Physiological , Stress, Psychological , Women's Rights , Work Hours , Body Image , Burnout, Professional , Activities of Daily Living , Pregnancy , Adaptation, Biological , Family , Marriage , Child , Child Development , Child Rearing , Quarantine , Hygiene , Mental Health , Family Health , Immunization , Sex Characteristics , Universal Precautions , Employment, Supported , Cost of Illness , Confusion , Feminism , Self Efficacy , Affect , Culture , Parturition , Depression , Postpartum Period , Educational Status , Ego , Employment , Fear , Femininity , Sexism , Work-Life Balance , Frailty , Occupational Stress , Androcentrism , Freedom , Self-Neglect , Frustration , Body Dissatisfaction , Psychological Distress , Social Comparison , Teleworking , Physical Distancing , Gender Equity , Family Support , Family Structure , Guilt , Health Promotion , Household Work , Identification, Psychological , Identity Crisis , Income , Individuation , Anger , Leisure Activities , Loneliness , Love , Maternal Behavior , Maternal Welfare , Mothers
8.
Psicol. ciênc. prof ; 43: e250490, 2023.
Статья в португальский | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1448944

Реферат

As dificuldades e barreiras enfrentadas no processo de inclusão de pessoas com deficiência (PcD) nas organizações incitam o desenvolvimento de pesquisas. Este estudo compreendeu a percepção de psicólogos organizacionais sobre a inclusão de PcD em empresas. Dezoito psicólogos atuantes na área de gestão de pessoas de empresas das sete regiões do estado do Rio Grande do Sul responderam a uma entrevista individual. A média de idade dos participantes foi de 33,17 anos, atuavam em empresas de diferentes segmentos, eram predominantemente do sexo feminino e possuíam pós-graduação em áreas relacionadas. Os relatos dos psicólogos alertaram para o fato de que, em suas graduações, o conteúdo sobre deficiência humana e, especificamente, inclusão no mercado de trabalho foi escasso ou inexistente. Essa lacuna na formação, de egressos de diferentes instituições de ensino superior, é relatada desde os anos de 1990. Para esses psicólogos, barreiras atitudinais e organizacionais são frequentemente enfrentadas no processo de inclusão, tais como o despreparo das empresas, gestores e colaboradores para receber as PcD, os poucos programas voltados a uma prática efetiva de inclusão e não somente ao cumprimento da legislação, além das dificuldades dos próprios profissionais em identificar os potenciais e as limitações que a PcD apresenta e de adaptá-la de maneira correta ao trabalho. O psicólogo organizacional pode contribuir para um processo adequado de inclusão por meio de práticas, tais como treinamentos e sensibilizações, que fomentem a informação e diminuam a discriminação e as dificuldades.(AU)


Difficulties and barriers to including people with disabilities (PwDs) in organizations drives research development. This study sought to understand how organizational psychologists perceived the inclusion of PwDs in organizations. Eighteen organizational psychologists who work in people management for companies in the seven regions of the state of Rio Grande do Sul participated in an individual interview. Most interviewees were female, with average age of 33.17 years, had a postgraduate degree in the field, and worked in companies from different segments. During the interviews, the psychologists called attention to the little or nonexistent content on human disability and, specifically, inclusion in the labor market covered in the graduate course. This gap has been reported by graduates from different higher education institutions since the 1990s. According to the respondents, attitudinal and organizational barriers are often faced in the inclusion process, such as the unpreparedness of companies, managers, and employees to welcome PwD, the few programs aimed at an effective inclusion and not only to comply with the law, as well as the difficulties of the professionals themselves to identify the potentials and limitations that PwD present and to adapt them correctly to the work. Organizational psychologists can contribute to an adequate inclusion process by developing training and sensibilization activities that foster information and reduce discrimination and difficulties.(AU)


Las dificultades y barreras enfrentadas en el proceso de inclusión de personas con discapacidad (PcD) en las organizaciones fortalecen el desarrollo de la investigación. Este estudio entendió la percepción de los psicólogos organizacionales acerca de la inclusión de las PcD en las empresas. Dieciocho psicólogos que trabajan en el área de gestión de personas en empresas de las siete regiones del estado de Rio Grande do Sul (Brasil) respondieron a una entrevista individual. Los participantes tenían una edad promedio de 33,17 años, trabajaban en empresas de diferentes segmentos, eran predominantemente mujeres y tenían un posgrado en el área. Los informes de los psicólogos alertaron sobre el hecho de que el contenido sobre discapacidad humana y, específicamente, su inclusión en el mercado laboral era escaso o inexistente durante su formación académica. Esta brecha en la formación de los egresados de diferentes instituciones de educación superior se reporta desde los 1990. Para estos psicólogos, a menudo ocurren barreras organizacionales y de actitud en el proceso de inclusión de las PcD, como la falta de preparación de las empresas, gerentes y empleados para recibirlas, pocos programas destinados a una práctica efectiva de la inclusión, no solo al cumplimiento de la ley, y las dificultades de los profesionales para identificar las potencialidades y limitaciones y adecuarlas correctamente al trabajo. El psicólogo organizacional puede contribuir a un proceso de inclusión adecuado, con prácticas de capacitación y sensibilización que brindan información y reducen la discriminación y dificultades.(AU)


Тема - темы
Humans , Male , Female , Personnel Management , Architectural Accessibility , Organizations , Disabled Persons , Social Inclusion , Organization and Administration , Organizational Innovation , Personnel Selection , Prejudice , Psychology , Psychology, Industrial , Public Policy , Quality of Life , Salaries and Fringe Benefits , Self Concept , Social Behavior , Social Environment , Social Justice , Social Responsibility , Social Security , Social Welfare , Socialization , Societies , Stereotyping , Awareness , Task Performance and Analysis , Unemployment , Vocational Guidance , Occupational Health Program , Decision Making, Organizational , Handicapped Advocacy , Adaptation, Psychological , Organizational Culture , Occupational Health , Staff Development , Civil Rights , Employment, Supported , Workplace , Efficiency, Organizational , Constitution and Bylaws , Cultural Diversity , Legislation , Personal Autonomy , Whistleblowing , Disability Evaluation , Absenteeism , Economics , Education , Ego , Employee Grievances , Employee Incentive Plans , Employment , Workforce , Health of Specific Groups , Health of the Disabled , Job Market , Occupational Health Policy , Social Stigma , Social Discrimination , Work Performance , Social Workers , Occupational Stress , Work Engagement , Respect , e-Accessibility , Public Nondiscrimination Policies , Social Integration , Right to Work , Empowerment , Teleworking , Disinformation , Sociodemographic Factors , Citizenship , Diversity, Equity, Inclusion , Working Conditions , Health Promotion , Ergonomics , Human Rights , Job Application , Job Satisfaction , Labor Unions , Leadership , Life Change Events
9.
Psicol. ciênc. prof ; 43: e252743, 2023.
Статья в португальский | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1448951

Реферат

O objetivo desta pesquisa é identificar e compreender fenomenologicamente, por meio de relato de Psicólogos de Esporte (PE) e de Coaches, em sua vivência prática, como ocorrem os processos reflexivos em sua atuação, conforme apreendidos a partir de relatos de experiências. O método de investigação escolhido foi a fenomenologia, pois oferece os recursos necessários para tal mergulho junto à experiência reflexiva. A amostra intencional foi delineada por PE e Coaches (profissionais de Educação Física que recorrem ao Coaching) em atividade em esportes de alto rendimento, que tenham atuado ou estejam atuando em modalidades esportivas coletivas e/ou individuais. Realizaram-se nove entrevistas (cinco com PE, quatro com Coaches). O acesso ao objeto desse estudo se deu por meio de entrevistas em profundidade e semiestruturadas, orientadas pela escuta suspensiva. As questões disparadoras foram formuladas com base no Procedimento Estruturado de Reflexão adaptado. Para análise das entrevistas, realizou-se uma síntese de cada relato, seguindo-se de cruzamento intencional. Como resultados, percebeu-se que PE e Coaches trazem algumas similaridades no que se refere aos modos de refletir sobre sua prática. No entanto, as experiências que eles fazem desses processos reflexivos é que podem tomar rumos distintos. Os(as) PE amparam-se na regulamentação da profissão e resguardam-se em seus apontamentos, trazendo suas experiências e reflexões sobre os processos vividos. Os(as) Coaches trazem em suas explanações um trabalho coerente, organizado e compatível com o método do Coaching. Problematizar os processos reflexivos desses profissionais permite diferenciar qualitativa e eticamente suas atuações, possibilitando o fomento multiprofissional no esporte.(AU)


The aim of this study consists in phenomenologically identifying and understanding, by the report of Sport Psychologists (SP) and coaches, in their practical experience, how would be the reflexive processes that take place in their performance, as learned from reports of their experiences. The research method chosen was phenomenology, since it offers the necessary resources for such a dive along with the reflective experience. The intentional sample was outlined by SP and coaches (Physical Education professionals who use coaching) active in high performance sports, who have or are working in collective and/or individual sports. Nine interviews were conducted (five with SP, four with coaches). Access to the object of this study took place by in-depth and semi-structured interviews, guided by suspensive listening. The triggering questions were formulated based on the adapted Structured Reflection Procedure. For the analysis of the interviews, a synthesis of each report was carried out, followed by the intentional crossing. As results, it was noticed that SP and coaches bring some similarities regarding the ways of reflecting on their practice. However, their experiences of these reflective processes are that they can take different directions. The SP are based on the regulation of the profession and guard themselves in their notes, bringing their experiences and reflections on the processes experienced. Coaches bring in their explanations a coherent, organized, and compatible work with the coaching method. Problematizing the reflective processes of these professionals allows to differentiate their actuation qualitatively and ethically, making the multiprofessional phenomenon in sport possible.(AU)


El objetivo de este estudio consiste en identificar y comprender fenomenológicamente, a partir de la experiencia práctica de psicólogos del deporte (PD) y coaches, cómo serían los procesos reflexivos que se llevan a cabo en su rendimiento, tal y como se desprende de los informes de experiencias. El método de investigación elegido fue la fenomenología, ya que ofrece los recursos necesarios junto con la experiencia. La muestra intencional fue delineada por PD y coaches (profesionales de la educación física que utilizan el coaching) activos en deportes de alto rendimiento, que tienen o están trabajando en deportes colectivos e/o individuales. Se realizaron nueve entrevistas (cinco con PD, cuatro con coaches). El acceso al objeto de este estudio fue entrevistas en profundidad y semiestructuradas, guiadas por escuchas suspensivas. Las preguntas se formularon desde el procedimiento de reflexión estructurado adaptado. Para el análisis de las entrevistas, se hizo una síntesis de cada informe, seguida del cruce intencional. Como resultados, se notó que los PD y coaches tienen algunas similitudes con respecto a las formas de reflexionar sobre su práctica. Sin embargo, las experiencias que hacen de estos procesos pueden tomar diferentes direcciones. Los(las) PD se basan en la regulación de la profesión y se protegen en sus notas, aportando sus experiencias y reflexiones sobre los procesos vividos. Los(las) coaches plantean en sus explicaciones un trabajo coherente, organizado y compatible con el método de Coaching. Problematizar los procesos reflexivos de estos profesionales permite diferenciar sus acciones de manera cualitativa y ética, además de posibilitar la promoción multiprofesional en el deporte.(AU)


Тема - темы
Humans , Male , Female , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Psychology, Sports , Mentoring , Anxiety , Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care , Personal Satisfaction , Aptitude , Physical Education and Training , Physical Endurance , Natural Science Disciplines , Play and Playthings , Professional Competence , Psychology , Psychomotor Performance , Quality of Health Care , Quality of Life , Recreation , Rehabilitation , Running , Attention , Science , Sleep , Soccer , Social Control, Formal , Social Identification , Social Justice , Sports Medicine , Stress, Psychological , Swimming , Teaching , Therapeutics , Track and Field , Vocational Guidance , Wounds and Injuries , Yoga , Behavioral Sciences , Breathing Exercises , Health , Mental Health , Physical Fitness , Surveys and Questionnaires , Reproducibility of Results , Occupational Health , Walking , Professional Autonomy , Guidelines as Topic , Interview , Congresses as Topic , Meditation , Life , Behavioral Disciplines and Activities , Wit and Humor , Fitness Centers , Practice Management , Complex Regional Pain Syndromes , Credentialing , Crisis Intervention , Mind-Body Therapies , Exercise Movement Techniques , Biomedical Enhancement , Depression , Diet , Dietetics , Education, Nonprofessional , Employee Performance Appraisal , Employment , Ethics, Professional , Sanitary Supervision , Professional Training , Athletic Performance , Resistance Training , Resilience, Psychological , Musculoskeletal and Neural Physiological Phenomena , Feeding Behavior , Athletes , Capacity Building , Sports Nutritional Sciences , Return to Sport , Work Performance , Professionalism , Cardiorespiratory Fitness , Academic Success , Water Sports , Work Engagement , Cognitive Psychology , Science and Development , Cognitive Training , Psychological Well-Being , Working Conditions , Gymnastics , Health Occupations , Health Promotion , Anatomy , Job Description , Jurisprudence , Leadership , Learning , Life Style , Memory , Methods , Motivation , Motor Activity , Motor Skills , Movement , Muscle Relaxation , Muscles , Obesity
10.
Psicol. ciênc. prof ; 43: e244670, 2023. tab, graf
Статья в португальский | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1448956

Реферат

O objetivo deste estudo foi testar um modelo teórico-explicativo para as representações sociais sobre o cenário sociopolítico brasileiro de 2017, de acordo com as seguintes relações: as representações seriam influenciadas diretamente pela confiança nas instituições, e essa confiança, determinada pelas simpatias ideológicas. Participaram 164 estudantes universitários - cuja idade média era 24 anos - que responderam a escalas intervalares. Realizaram-se modelagens de equações estruturais para testar o modelo teórico proposto. Os resultados indicaram: adequabilidade do modelo; dois grupos de variáveis apresentando relações positivas entre as variáveis do mesmo grupo e negativas na comparação intergrupos. No primeiro grupo constaram as variáveis: ideias-força de esquerda, confiança nos movimentos sociais, avaliação do governo Dilma e avaliação das políticas de esquerda; no segundo: ideias-força de direita, confiança nas instituições de controle, confiança na mídia, avaliação do governo Temer e avaliação das políticas de esquerda. Concluiu-se que a confiança institucional e a simpatia ideológica ancoravam as representações sociais do cenário brasileiro na população universitária estudada.(AU)


The aim of this study was to test an explanatory theoretical model about the social representations about Brazilian social-political scenario in 2017, based on the following relations: representations were directly influenced by the trust in institutions, and this trust, determined by ideological sympathies. A sample of 164 college students - whose average age was 24 years - answered interval scales. We performed structural equation modeling to test the proposed model. The results indicated: the suitability of the model; two groups of variables presenting positive relations in the in-group comparison and negative relations in the comparisons between groups. The first group showed the variables: Leftist ideas-forces, trust in social movements, evaluation of Dilma's administration, and evaluation of Leftist policies; the second: Rightist ideas-forces, trust in control institutions, trust in the media, evaluation of Temer's administration, and evaluation of Leftist policies. In conclusion, the institutional trust and ideological sympathies anchored the social representations of the Brazilian scenery for the studied university population.(AU)


Este estudio tuvo como objetivo probar un modelo teórico explicativo de las representaciones sociales en el escenario sociopolítico brasileño de 2017 según las siguientes relaciones: las representaciones estarían directamente influenciadas por la confianza en las instituciones, y esta confianza, determinada por las simpatías ideológicas. Participaron en este estudio 164 estudiantes universitarios, con edad media de 24 años, quienes respondieron a escalas intervalares. Se llevaron a cabo modelos de ecuaciones estructurales para probar el modelo teórico propuesto. Los resultados indicaron: adecuación del modelo; dos grupos de variables que presentaban relaciones positivas entre las variables del mismo grupo y negativas en la comparación intergrupal. El primer grupo incluía las variables: ideas-fuerza de la izquierda, confianza en los movimientos sociales, evaluación del gobierno de Dilma y evaluación de las políticas de la izquierda; el segundo: ideas-fuerza de la derecha, confianza en las instituciones de control, confianza en los medios de comunicación, evaluación del gobierno Temer y evaluación de las políticas de la izquierda. Se concluyó que la confianza institucional y la simpatía ideológica funcionaron como fundamentos de las representaciones sociales del escenario político brasileño en la población universitaria estudiada.(AU)


Тема - темы
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Politics , Students , Universities , Culture , Trust , Ethics, Institutional , Social Representation , Morals , Ownership , Philosophy , Political Systems , Poverty , Psychology , Psychology, Social , Public Policy , Quality of Life , Rationalization , Safety , Salaries and Fringe Benefits , Science , Authoritarianism , Social Change , Social Problems , Social Responsibility , Social Sciences , Social Security , Social Values , Socialism , Socioeconomic Factors , Sociology , Technology , Technology, Industry, and Agriculture , Thinking , Unemployment , Women , Behavior , Labor Relations , Black or African American , Brazil , Ill-Housed Persons , Adaptation, Psychological , Attitude , Ethnicity , Economic Development , Child Advocacy , Child Welfare , Surveys and Questionnaires , Liability, Legal , Civil Rights , Negotiating , Public Sector , Private Sector , Disabled Persons , Communication , Communism , Privacy , Constitution and Bylaws , Feminism , Guideline Adherence , Modernization of the Public Sector , Crime , Civil Conflicts , Personal Autonomy , Capitalism , Access to Information , State , Legislative , Democracy , Aggression , Human Rights Abuses , French Revolution , Economics , Education , Emotions , Employee Grievances , Employment , Environment , Job Market , Population Studies in Public Health , Sanitary Supervision , Agribusiness , Industrial Development , Diplomacy , Work-Life Balance , Sexual and Gender Minorities , Fascism , Political Activism , Stakeholder Participation , Extremism , Social Oppression , Freedom , Gender-Inclusive Policies , Respect , Leadership and Governance Capacity , Corruption , Solidarity , Outdated Modernization , Social Programs , Indigenous Peoples , Environmentalism , Environmental Justice , Sociodemographic Factors , Social Vulnerability , Citizenship , Socio-Environmental Responsibility , Hierarchy, Social , Human Rights , Individuation , Jurisprudence , Leadership , Lobbying , Mass Behavior , Mass Media , Military Personnel , Occupational Groups
11.
Psicol. ciênc. prof ; 43: e255496, 2023.
Статья в португальский | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1529211

Реферат

O presente artigo tem como objetivo apresentar a construção metodológica desenvolvida em uma pesquisa de mestrado, na qual sustentamos a escrita de cenas como método de pesquisa da escuta clínica. As cenas do trabalho em questão foram recolhidas ao longo do tempo, no contorno da experiência de um projeto de extensão universitária de atenção à infância e adolescência em situação de vulnerabilidade social, situado em uma comunidade periférica. Apresentamos, neste texto, as interrogações que se elaboraram em torno da escolha pelo trabalho com cenas, e compartilhamos o resgate histórico dessas como um método de escrever a clínica, bem como a retomada de sua análise a partir da tradição psicanalítica. Amparadas nesta teoria e em leituras e contribuições do filósofo francês Jacques Derrida, embasamos a noção de que a cena se constitui como um lugar de produção, ao engendrar a configuração particular de elementos significantes nos processos de subjetivação e de construção social. A cena não é, então, compreendida aqui como uma representação do que acontece na clínica, mas como um modo de produzir a escuta e os seus processos de investigação.(AU)


This article aims to present the methodological construction developed in a master's research, in which the writing of scenes as a method of clinical listening research was endorsed. The scenes from the study in question were collected over time, from the experience gained in a project conducted within a university extension program on care in childhood and adolescence in social vulnerability, in a peripheral community. In this study, we present some questions that were elaborated surrounding the choices of working with scenes; and we share the historical rescue of this work as a method of writing on clinic practices and resuming their analysis from the psychoanalytic tradition. Based on the psychoanalytic theory and on the readings and contributions of the French philosopher Jacques Derrida, we corroborate the notion that the scene is constituted as a place of production, engendering the particular configuration of significant elements in the processes of subjectivation and social construction. Here, the scene is not a representation of clinical practice but one mode of producing listening and its research processes.(AU)


Este artículo tiene como objetivo presentar la construcción metodológica desarrollada en una investigación de maestría, en la que sostenemos la escritura de escenas como método de investigación de la escucha clínica. Las escenas del trabajo en cuestión se recogieron a lo largo del tiempo desde la experiencia en un proyecto de extensión universitario de atención a la niñez y adolescencia en situación de vulnerabilidad social aplicado en una comunidad periférica. En este texto, presentamos los interrogantes que se elaboraron en torno a la elección por el trabajo con escenas y compartimos el rescate histórico de las mismas como un método de escribir la clínica y la reanudación del análisis a partir de la tradición psicoanalítica. Amparadas en el psicoanálisis y en lecturas y contribuciones del filósofo francés Jacques Derrida, nos basaremos en la noción de que la escena se constituye como un lugar de producción, engendrando la configuración particular de elementos significantes en los procesos de subjetivación y de construcción social. La escena no es aquí una representación de lo que pasa en la clínica, sino un modo de producir escucha y sus procesos de investigación.(AU)


Тема - темы
Humans , Female , Child, Preschool , Psychoanalysis , Child , Child Welfare , Equipment and Supplies , Methodology as a Subject , Meals , Social Vulnerability , Parapsychology , Parent-Child Relations , Parents , Paternity , Play and Playthings , Play Therapy , Poverty , Psychological Phenomena , Psychological Theory , Psychology , Psychology, Clinical , Reality Therapy , Scapegoating , Schools , Sibling Relations , Social Class , Social Isolation , Social Justice , Social Responsibility , Social Support , Social Work , Speech , Superego , Unconscious, Psychology , Behavior , Poverty Areas , Solid Waste Use , Child, Abandoned , Child Abuse , Child Advocacy , Child Care , Child Development , Developmental Disabilities , Residence Characteristics , Hygiene , Child Health , Liability, Legal , Adolescent , Parenting , Clinical Clerkship , Comprehensive Health Care , Consciousness , Life , Crime , Crisis Intervention , Affect , Culture , Narration , Diapers, Infant , Research Subjects , Aggression , Human Rights Abuses , Dreams , Education , Ego , Employment , Job Market , Ethics , Child Nutrition , Bullying , Social Marginalization , Child, Foster , Social Privilege , Freedom , Freudian Theory , Economic Status , Respect , Clinical Decision Rules , Social Inclusion , Housing Instability , Low Socioeconomic Status , History , Human Rights , Id , Functional Laterality , Love , Memory , Memory, Short-Term , Morale , Names
12.
Psicol. ciênc. prof ; 43: e256659, 2023.
Статья в португальский | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1529213

Реферат

Em 2020, o mundo enfrentou uma grave emergência de saúde pública devido à pandemia de COVID-19, que impactou significativamente a mobilidade humana e a vida cotidiana de milhares de imigrantes ao redor do mundo. Este artigo fez uso de entrevistas online e por telefone com imigrantes que chegaram ao Brasil a partir de 2016, para identificar as estratégias de enfrentamento adotadas durante a pandemia. Foi realizada uma análise transversal das entrevistas com o auxílio do software Atlas.ti 9, usando a técnica sistemática de categorização iterativa. Com base em uma perspectiva sociocultural em psicologia, o artigo introduz os impactos iniciais da pandemia em diferentes esferas da vida cotidiana desses imigrantes e apresenta as estratégias mobilizadas para restaurar continuidades funcionais e relacionais em um momento no qual as rupturas provocadas pela migração e pela pandemia se sobrepõem. Entre outros, podese identificar como os entrevistados ativaram rapidamente as redes sociais locais e transnacionais virtualmente, mobilizando competências e habilidades aprendidas durante a migração.(AU)


In 2020, the world faced a serious public health emergency due to the COVID-19 pandemic, which has significantly impacted human mobility and the daily lives of thousands of immigrants around the world. This article uses online and telephone interviews conducted with migrants who arrived in Brazil in 2016, to identify coping strategies employed during the pandemic. A transversal analysis of all interviews was conducted with the aid of the software Atlas.ti 9, using a systematic approach of iterative categorization. From a sociocultural perspective in psychology, the article introduces the initial impacts of the pandemic in different spheres of everyday life of these immigrants. With this everyday context, we present the strategies mobilized by immigrants to restore functional and relational continuities at a moment in which the ruptures caused by migration and the pandemic overlap. In particular, we identify how interviewees rapidly activated local and transnational social networks virtually, mobilizing skills learnt during migration.(AU)


En 2020, el mundo se enfrentó a un grave estado de emergencia en salud pública debido a la pandemia del COVID-19, que impactó significativamente la movilidad humana y la vida cotidiana de miles de inmigrantes en todo el mundo. Este artículo realizó entrevistas en línea y por teléfono con inmigrantes quienes llegaron a Brasil a partir de 2016, con el fin de identificar sus estrategias de afrontamiento adoptadas durante la pandemia. Se realizó un análisis transversal de las entrevistas con la ayuda del software Atlas.ti 9, utilizando la técnica sistemática de categorización iterativa. Desde una perspectiva sociocultural en Psicología, este artículo expone los impactos iniciales de la pandemia en diferentes ámbitos de la vida cotidiana de estos inmigrantes y presenta las estrategias movilizadas para restaurar las continuidades funcionales y relacionales en un momento en que se superponen las rupturas causadas por la migración y la pandemia. Entre otros aspectos, se puede identificar cómo los entrevistados activaron virtualmente las redes sociales locales y transnacionales movilizando habilidades y destrezas aprendidas durante la migración.(AU)


Тема - темы
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Adaptation, Psychological , Cultural Characteristics , Emigration and Immigration , COVID-19 , Anxiety , Aptitude , Politics , Psychology , Psychology, Social , Public Policy , Quality of Life , Refugees , Safety , Salaries and Fringe Benefits , Social Change , Social Desirability , Social Isolation , Social Mobility , Social Problems , Social Sciences , Social Work , Socioeconomic Factors , Unemployment , Viruses , Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms , Brazil , Career Mobility , Economic Development , Quarantine , Communicable Disease Control , Family Characteristics , Adjustment Disorders , Hygiene , Mental Health , Disease Outbreaks , Mortality , Immunization , Population Growth , Universal Precautions , Clinical Competence , Workplace , Interview , Disease Transmission, Infectious , Disease Notification , Refugee Camps , Endemic Diseases , Credentialing , Crisis Intervention , Affective Symptoms , Culture , Terrorism , Capitalism , Internationality , Disasters , Economics , Employment , Environment and Public Health , Job Market , Ethics , Products Distribution , Cultural Competency , Resilience, Psychological , Fear , Economic Recession , Policy , Remuneration , Forecasting , Faith-Based Organizations , Expression of Concern , Right to seek Asylum , Respect , Psychological Distress , Transtheoretical Model , Physical Distancing , Food Insecurity , Social Vulnerability , Disaster Operations , Human Development , Human Rights , Income , Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders , Learning , Leisure Activities , Life Change Events , Loneliness
13.
Статья в португальский | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1537530

Реферат

Este estudo traz dados de uma pesquisa de doutorado que objetivou conhecer a relação entre a precarização do trabalho e a saúde dos profissionais de um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial (CAPS). Trata-se de uma pesquisa de cunho qualitativo no campo da Saúde do Trabalhador. Foram realizadas entrevistas individuais semiestruturadas e observações sistemáticas com os trabalhadores. A partir dos depoimentos e das observações, foram percebidos problemas de ordem de gestão e de recursos materiais e humanos necessários para o bom funcionamento do serviço que geraram preocupação e sofrimento aos profissionais. Um outro componente que também colaborou para a precarização do trabalho desses profissionais foi o trabalho terceirizado. Além disso, os profissionais expressaram suas experiências e seu cotidiano de trabalho por meio de sofrimento, angústia e dificuldades para realização do trabalho. O sofrimento do trabalhador da saúde mental também tem suas particularidades, inerentes ao próprio tipo de trabalho, visto que tais profissionais estão expostos ao sofrimento e à dor de outras pessoas


This study brings data from a doctoral research which aimed to understand the relationship between the precarization of the work and the health of professionals from Psychosocial Care Center (CAPS). The study is qualitative research in the field of Occupational Health. Semi-structured individual interviews were carried out as well as systematic observation of the workers. Based on the interviewees' testimonies and analyzes, some management problems as well as lack of material and human resources necessary for the correct functioning of the service were noticed, which caused concern and suffering on the workers. Another component that also contributed to the precarious work of these professionals was outsourced work. Besides, workers expressed their experiences and their daily work through suffering, anguish, and difficulties in performing their work correctly. The suffering of mental health professionals also has its particularities, inherent to the type of work itself, since they are constantly exposed to other people's suffering and pain


Тема - темы
Humans , Male , Female , Health Personnel , Employment , Working Conditions , Mental Health Services , Health Services Administration , Interviews as Topic , Outsourced Services , Qualitative Research , Psychological Distress
14.
Статья в португальский | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1537312

Реферат

Em um quadro em que se constata a ampliação exponencial da exploração do trabalho por plataformas digitais e de discussões sobre a relação de funcionalidade entre os mercados centrais e periféricos de trabalho, propõe-se aqui uma análise do trabalho de entregadores/as e motoristas por aplicativos no contexto social, político e econômico brasileiro. O objetivo é identificar normas e valores em circulação nas experiências dos trabalhadores no entrecruzamento de seus contextos de vida e trabalho. Com base no referencial teórico da Ergologia, realizou-se uma pesquisa qualitativa com vistas à aproximação das vivências e atividades dos sujeitos por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas. Os resultados apontam valores em circulação nos debates de normas que entram em conflito entre o ideal de liberdade anunciado pelas empresas-plataformas, o controle e o direcionamento do trabalho operado por elas via gerenciamento algorítmico e a iminência de perda da fonte de sustento. Afirma-se, a importância da construção de caminhos coletivos de produção da saúde, seja no âmbito macrossocial ou na experiência concreta e cotidiana de trabalho


In a context in which the exponential growth of the exploitation of work by digital platforms and the discussion on the relation of functionality between central and peripheral labor markets, the authors propose an analysis of the work of delivery workers and app drivers in the Brazilian social, political, and economic context. They aimed to identify norms and values in workers' experiences at the intersection between the contexts of their life and work. Based on the theoretical framework of Ergology, a qualitative research was carried out to approach subjects' experiences and activities using semi-structured interviews. Results point to values found in the norms that conflict with the ideal of freedom heralded by online platform companies, the control and directing of the work operated by these companies via algorithmic management, and the imminence of loss of source of livelihood. We stress the importance of building collective paths to produce health, whether in the macro-social context or in the concrete, daily experience of work


Тема - темы
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Work/economics , Employment , Social Factors , Occupational Groups , Politics , Brazil , Interviews as Topic , Surveys and Questionnaires
15.
Статья в португальский | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1537224

Реферат

A análise do trabalho convoca à ampliação de referências epistemológicas e metodológicas para produzir transformações a partir de suas distintas realidades e dimensões. Nesse sentido, as abordagens das Clínicas do Trabalho se mostram como um caminho para compreender as relações entre subjetividade e trabalho, considerando suas condições concretas. O objetivo deste artigo é discutir, com base nas Clínicas do Trabalho, a relação entre processos de trabalho precarizado e a subjetividade de trabalhadores e trabalhadoras, em dois contextos laborais e territoriais distintos. Assim, parte-se de duas pesquisas para pensar esta mobilização. Na primeira, foram realizadas entrevistas em profundidade com haitianos(as) que residiam em Contagem/MG, a fim de compreendermos as dimensões psicossociais da migração para migrantes haitianos a partir das categorias território e trabalho. A segunda pesquisa buscou compreender as trajetórias empreendedoras no Uruguai e na Argentina a partir de um estudo sobre empreendedorismo nos dois países, que incluiu entrevistas biográficas com 18 empreendedores. Tais experiências possuem em comum a presença do desemprego nas trajetórias laborais de trabalhadoras e trabalhadores entrevistados(as) e uma característica básica do precariado: a ausência de um projeto de futuro que possibilite a construção de existências emancipatórias, o que pode ser fonte de sofrimento psíquico


Analyzing work requires expanding epistemological and methodological references to produce transformations based on its distinct realities and dimensions. Thus, the approaches of Labor Clinics can understand the relations between subjectivity and work by considering their concrete conditions. This study aimed to discuss the relations between precarious work processes and the subjectivity of workers in two distinct labor and territorial contexts, based on Work Clinics. Thus, two research studies are used to think about this mobilization. In the first, in-depth interviews were conducted with Haitian men and women who live in Contagem/MG to understand the psychosocial dimensions of migration for Haitian migrants based on categories of territory and work. The second research sought to understand entrepreneurial trajectories in Uruguay and Argentina from a study on entrepreneurship in both countries, which included biographical interviews with 18 entrepreneurs. These experiences share the presence of unemployment in the labor trajectories of the interviewed workers and a basic characteristic of the precariat: the absence of a future project that enables the construction of emancipatory existences, which can cause psychological suffering


Тема - темы
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Transients and Migrants/psychology , Work/psychology , Entrepreneurship , Employment , Psychology, Industrial , Latin America
16.
Статья в португальский | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1537150

Реферат

Este artigo objetiva compreender a mobilização subjetiva que surge na atividade de trabalho de profissionais que realizam Vigilância em Saúde do Trabalhador (Visat). Participaram deste estudo cinco trabalhadores, de ambos os sexos, de um Centro de Referência em Saúde do Trabalhador (Cerest) da capital de um estado do Nordeste do Brasil, os quais foram entrevistados nos meses de janeiro e fevereiro de 2020. Os materiais produzidos foram analisados à luz da Psicodinâmica do Trabalho. Os resultados mostram que sua fonte de sofrimento está ligada ao que é vivido pelos trabalhadores das empresas que passam por Visat, cujos problemas relacionados à precarização muitas vezes ficam sem solução. Ao lado disso, aqueles que fazem Visat também se percebem muitas vezes precarizados em seus salários, vínculos e condições de trabalho. Finalmente, a falta de estrutura e investimento em saúde do trabalhador, assim como a legislação


This study aims to understand the subjective mobilization that arises in the work activity of professionals who perform Worker Health Surveillance (WHS). In total, five workers of all genders from a Worker Health Reference Center (WHRC) in a capital city of a Northeastern state in Brazil participated in this study. They were interviewed in January and February 2020. The materials produced were analyzed in light of Work Psychodynamics. Results show that their source of suffering is linked to what they experience in companies undergoing WHS, whose precarization-related problems often remain unresolved. In addition to this, those who perform WHS also often perceive themselves as in precarious situations regarding their salaries, job security, and working conditions. Finally, the lack of structure and investment in workers' health and legislation (particularly at the municipal level) pose significant challenges for them to carry out their work


Тема - темы
Humans , Male , Female , Employment/psychology , Surveillance of the Workers Health , Psychological Distress , Working Conditions , Harassment, Non-Sexual , Occupational Stress
17.
Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases ; (12): 47-51, 2023.
Статья в Китайский | WPRIM | ID: wpr-970710

Реферат

Objective: To explore the change of hearing threshold of workers exposed to noise, establish an individual-based hearing loss early warning model, accurately and differentiated the health of workers exposed to noise. Methods: In September 2019, all physical examination data of 561 workers exposed to noise from an enterprise were collected since their employment. Three indicators of average hearing threshold of the better ear, namely, at high frequency, 4000 Hz and speech frequency, were constructed. The generalized estimating equation (GEE) was used to adjust gender and age and establish the warning model of each indicator. Finally, sensitive indicators and warning models were screened according to AUC and Yoden index. Results: Among the 561 workers exposed to noise, 26 (4.6%) workers had hearing loss. The sensitivity indicators were the average hearing threshold at speech frequency ≥20 dB, high frequency ≥30 dB and 4000 Hz ≥25 dB. The AUC of each index was 0.602, 0.794 and 0.804, and the Youden indexes were 0.204, 0.588 and 0.608, respectively. In GEE of hearing loss warning models, high-frequency hearing threshold ≥20 dB and 4000 Hz hearing threshold ≥25 dB were the optimal models, with AUC of 0.862. Conclusion: Combined with the changes of individual hearing threshold over the years, can accurately assess the risk of individual hearing loss of workers exposed to noise.


Тема - темы
Humans , Hearing Loss, Noise-Induced/diagnosis , Noise, Occupational/adverse effects , Audiometry , Deafness , Employment , Occupational Exposure/adverse effects , Occupational Diseases/diagnosis
18.
Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases ; (12): 439-442, 2023.
Статья в Китайский | WPRIM | ID: wpr-986046

Реферат

Objective: To investigate and understand the medical security and quality of life of migrant workers with pneumoconiosis, so as to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control countermeasures of migrant workers with pneumoconiosis and targeted poverty alleviation. Methods: Using a stratified random sampling method, 200 migrant workers diagnosed with pneumoconiosis at the Shandong Academy of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine from January 2016 to December 2021 were selected as the observation group, while 200 non migrant workers diagnosed with pneumoconiosis were selected as the control group. St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) and Pneumoconiosis Questionnaire were used to collect and compare information on the age, working age of dust exposure, economic sources, employment status, income, medical security and quality of life of two groups of patients. Results: The age of migrant worker pneumoconiosis patients in the observation group was (58.1±8.1) years old, and the working age of dust exposure was (19.3±10.1) years. The main source of income was children support (85.5%, 171/200), employment status was mainly wait for employment or unemployed (69.0%, 138/200), personal monthly income was mainly non income (90.0%, 180/200), and family annual income was mainly less than 10000 yuan (48.0%, 96/200). The average personal annual medical expenditure of 5000-<10000 yuan accounted for 42.0% (84/200). The age of pneumoconiosis patients in the control group was (59.2±8.9) years old, and the working age of dust exposure was (20.2±10.5) years. The main source of income was retirement pension or salary (99.0%, 198/200), with retirement as the main employment status (66.0%, 132/200), the main personal monthly income was 2000-<4000 yuan (61.5%, 123/200), the main family annual income was 20000-<40000 yuan (44.0%, 88/200), and the average personal annual medical expenditure was mostly non-expenditure (92.0%, 184/200). There were statistically significant differences in the distribution of economic sources, employment status, personal monthly income, family annual income and average personal annual medical expenditure between the two groups (P<0.001). The main type of insurance for the observation group was rural cooperative medical care (68.5%, 137/200), and 87.0% (174/200) had no medical reimbursement and a proportion less than 50%. There were statistically significant differences in insurance type and medical reimbursement proportion between the two groups (P<0.001). The respiratory symptoms, activity ability, daily life influence and total quality of life scores of pneumoconiosis patients in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group, the differences were statistically significant (P<0.001) . Conclusion: Migrant workers with pneumoconiosis have low income, high medical expenditure, low medical reimbursement proportion and poor quality of life. Therefore, it is necessary to draw high attention from relevant departments and provide timely attention and assistance to improve the quality of life of migrant workers with pneumoconiosis.


Тема - темы
Child , Humans , Middle Aged , Aged , Adolescent , Young Adult , Adult , Quality of Life , Pneumoconiosis , Income , Employment , Dust , China
19.
Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases ; (12): 424-428, 2023.
Статья в Китайский | WPRIM | ID: wpr-986043

Реферат

Objective: To explore the current situation of work stress among nursing staff in Tianjin City and analyze its influencing factors. Methods: From August to October 2020, 26002 nursing staff from tertiary hospitals, secondary public hospitals, secondary private hospitals, primary hospitals, and other medical institutions in Tianjin City were selected as objects, and their general situation and working stress situation were surveyed by the general information questionnaire and the Nurse's Work Stressor Scale. Single factor analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were used to explore the influencing factors of work stress among nursing staff. Results: The average age of 26002 nursing staff was (33.86±8.28) years old, and the average working years were (11.84±9.12) years. There were 24874 women (95.66%) and 1128 men (4.34%). The total score of work stress was (79.82±21.69), and the average score of workload and time allocation dimension was the highest (2.55±0.79). The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that marital status (β=-0.015, P=0.014), employment form as contract system (β=0.022, P=0.001), post as clinical nursing (β=0.048, P<0.001), education level (β=0.024, P<0.001), age (β=0.050, P<0.001), working years (β=0.075, P<0.001), and professional title (β=0.036, P<0.001) were the influencing factors of work stress, which explained 22.8% of the total variation in work stress of nursing staff (F=24.25, P<0.001) . Conclusion: The work stress among nursing staff in Tianjin City is high, the corresponding departments and nursing managers should adopt scientific management methods to reduce the workload of nursing staff according to the influencing factors of work stress, so as to create a good atmosphere for further promoting the healthy development of nursing career and nursing industry in the new era.


Тема - темы
Male , Humans , Female , Adult , Occupational Stress/epidemiology , Nursing Staff , Tertiary Care Centers , Surveys and Questionnaires , Employment
20.
Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases ; (12): 413-416, 2023.
Статья в Китайский | WPRIM | ID: wpr-986041

Реферат

Objective: To investigate the humanistic care consciousness and ability of outpatient and emergency nurses in tertiary Grade A hospitals in Zhengzhou City. Methods: In June 2021, a total of 345 outpatient and emergency nurses from 6 tertiary Grade A hospitals in Zhengzhou City were selected as the survey objects by random number table method. The humanistic care ability of outpatient and emergency nurses was investigated. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to analyze the related factors influencing the humanistic care ability of outpatient and emergency nurses. Results: The total score of humanistic care ability of outpatient and emergency nurses in Zhengzhou tertiary Grade A hospital was (194.18±30.53). The scores of humanistic care ability of outpatient and emergency nurses with different gender, age, educational background, professional title, length of service, night shift frequency, marital status, children's status, employment patterns and average monthly household income were significantly different (P<0.05). Regression analysis showed that education background, length of service, professional title and night shift frequency were independent influencing factors for outpatient and emergency nurses' humanistic care ability (β=0.243, 0.139, 0.163, -0.126, P<0.05) . Conclusion: At present, the humanistic care ability of outpatient and emergency nurses in tertiary Grade A hospitals in Zhengzhou City is still low. Education, length of service, professional title and night shift frequency are independent influencing factors affecting the humanistic care ability of nurses.


Тема - темы
Child , Humans , Outpatients , Hospitals , Employment , Surveys and Questionnaires , Nurses
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