Реферат
Objetivo: Avaliar o acesso e a adesão da população feminina, atendida pelo Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), à Diretriz Brasileira de Detecção Precoce do Câncer de Mama, em duas cidades de médio porte de uma região metropolitana do estado de São Paulo, Brasil. Métodos: Estudo transversal. Os dados foram coletados no Sistema de Informação do Câncer (Siscan) e nas Secretarias Municipais de Saúde no período de 01/01 a 31/12 de 2017. Resultados: Em Santa Bárbara d'Oeste, foram realizadas 3.106 mamografias: 2.931 (94,4%) BI-RADS® 1-2; 21 (0,7%) BI-RADS® 3; 12 (0,4%) BI-RADS® 4-5; 142 (4,5%) BI-RADS® 0. A maioria dos exames (1.855 59,7%) foi realizada em mulheres de 50 a 69 anos. A cobertura mamográfica na população de risco foi de 11,2%. O envelhecimento foi relacionado ao BI-RADS® 4-5 (p = 0,005). A idade jovem esteve relacionada ao maior número de BI-RADS® 0 (p = 0,03). Em Vinhedo, foram realizadas 1.996 mamografias: 1.835 (91,9%) BI-RADS® 1-2; 9 (0,45%) BI-RADS® 3; 7 (0,35%) BI-RADS® 4-5; 145 (7,3%) BI-RADS® 0. A maioria dos exames (975 48,8%) foi realizada em mulheres de 50-69 anos. A população coberta pela mamografia foi de 17%. Reunindo ambas as análises populacionais, evidenciou-se que o envelhecimento esteve relacionado ao maior número de casos suspeitos (p = 0,007). Conclusão: A maioria das mamografias foi realizada em mulheres de 50-69 anos. A cobertura mamográfica ficou aquém da encontrada no Brasil e recomendada pela Organização Mundial da Saúde.
Objective: To evaluate the access and adherence of the female population, assisted by Health Unic System (SUS), to Brazilian Breast Cancer Early Detection Guideline in two medium-sized cities of a metropolitan region in the State of São Paulo, Brazil. Methods: Cross-sectional study. Data were collected from the Cancer Information System (Siscan) and from the Municipal Health Secretariats between 01/01 to 12/31, 2017. Results: In Santa Bárbara d'Oeste 3,106 mammograms were performed: 2,931 (94.4%) BI-RADS® 1-2; 21 (0.7%) BI-RADS® 3; 12 (0.4%) BI-RADS® 4-5; 142 (4.5%) BI-RADS® 0. Most of the exams (1,855 59.7%) among women aged 50-69 years. The mammographic coverage at risk population was 11.2%. Aging was related to BI-RADS® 4-5 (p = 0.005). The young age was related to the highest number of BI-RADS® 0 (p = 0.03). In Vinhedo 1,996 mammograms were performed: 1,835 (91.9%) BI-RADS® 1-2; 9 (0.45%) BI-RADS® 3; 7 (0.35%) BI-RADS® 4-5; 145 (7.3%) BI-RADS® 0. Most of the exams (975 48.8%) among women aged 50-69 years. The population covered by mammography was 17%. Gathering both population analysis, it was shown that aging was related to the highest number of suspected cases (p = 0.007). Conclusion: Most mammograms were performed between 50-69 years. Mammographic coverage fell short of that found in Brazil and recommended by the World Health Organization.
Тема - темы
Humans , Female , Breast Neoplasms/mortality , Breast Neoplasms/epidemiology , Breast Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Mammography/statistics & numerical data , Unified Health System , Health Services Coverage , Brazil/epidemiology , Cross-Sectional StudiesРеферат
Introducción: En Uruguay el cáncer de mama (CM) ocupa el primer lugar en incidencia y mortalidad por cáncer en mujeres. Objetivo: Evaluar el conocimiento de mujeres uruguayas sobre el tamizaje de cáncer de mama. Material y métodos: Se trata de un estudio observacional descriptivo y transversal. Se aplicó una encuesta dirigida a mujeres, que fue difundida mediante las redes sociales. El consentimiento informado se solicitó al inicio de la encuesta, como requisito excluyente para poder realizar la misma. Se mantuvo el anonimato de las pacientes en el análisis estadístico y se contó con la aprobación del Comité de Ética del Hospital de Clínicas. Resultados: Participaron 1859 mujeres. El 75.1% (1396) de las encuestadas reconoce el CM como el de mayor mortalidad en mujeres. El 52% (967) cree que 3 de cada 10 mujeres tienen riesgo de desarrollar CM, y 18.4% (342) desconoce su prevalencia. El 60.2% (1119) reconoce a la mamografía como prueba que ha logrado disminuir la mortalidad por CM. El 64.2% (1193) cree que se realiza a partir de los 40 años. Sobre la frecuencia, el 60.5% (1125) considera que se realiza de forma anual. Los factores de riesgo para desarrollar CM mayormente considerados fueron tabaquismo (60.9%, 1132), obesidad (57.%, 1060) y sedentarismo (56.8%,1056). Conclusiones: Nuestros resultados evidencian que las encuestadas están informadas de manera adecuada sobre la importancia del CM y de realizar el tamizaje mamográfico para prevenirlo; sin embargo, el 74.3% (1381) cree que el mismo, debe comenzar a hacerse a los 40 años.
Introduction: In Uruguay, breast cancer (BC) has the highest incidence and mortality of all cancer in women. Objectives : To assess the knowledge of Uruguayan women about breast cancer screening for the early detection of BC. Material and Methods : This is a descriptive and observational study. A survey was applied to woman, it was disseminated through social networks. Informed consent was requested at the beginning of the survey as an exclusive requirement to be able to carry it out. In the statistical analysis, the anonymity of the patients was maintained and the approval of the Ethics Committee of the Hospital de Clínicas was obtained. Results : 1859 women participated. 75.1% (1396) of those surveyed recognize BC as the one with the highest mortality in women. 52% (967) believe that 3 out of 10 women are at risk of developing BC, and 18.4% (342) do not know its prevalence. 60.2% (1119) recognize mammography as a test that has managed to reduce mortality from BC. 64.2% (1193) believe that it is done after 40 years of age. Regarding the frequency, 60.5% (1125) consider that it is carried out annually. The most considered risk factors for developing BC were smoking (60.9%, 1132), obesity (57%, 1.060) and sedentary lifestyle (56.8%, 1056). Conclusions : Our results show that the respondents are adequately informed about the importance of CM and the performance of screening mammography.
Introdução : No Uruguai, o câncer de mama (CM) tem a maior incidência e mortalidade de todos os cânceres em mulheres. Objetivos: Avaliar o conhecimento de mulheres uruguaias sobre o rastreamento do câncer de mama para a detecção precoce do CM. Material e Métodos : Trata-se de um estudo descritivo e observacional. Foi aplicado um questionário às mulheres, divulgado através das redes sociais. O consentimento informado foi solicitado no início da pesquisa como requisito exclusivo para poder realizá-la. Na análise estatística, foi mantido o anonimato dos pacientes e obtida a aprovação do Comitê de Ética do Hospital de Clínicas. Resultados: participaram 1859 mulheres. 75.1% (1396) dos pesquisados ââreconhecem o CB como o de maior mortalidade em mulheres. 52% (967) acreditam que 3 em cada 10 mulheres estão em risco de desenvolver CM e 18.4% (342) não conhecem sua prevalência. 60.2% (1119) reconhecem a mamografia como um exame que tem conseguido reduzir a mortalidade por CM. 64.2% (1.193) acreditam que é feito após os 40 anos. Em relação à frequência, 60.5% (1125) consideram que é realizado anualmente. Os fatores de risco mais considerados para desenvolver CM foram tabagismo (60.9%, 1132), obesidade (57%, 1.060) e sedentarismo (56.8%, 1056). Conclusões: Nossos resultados mostram que as entrevistadas estão adequadamente informadas sobre a importância do MC e a realização da mamografia de rastreamento.
Тема - темы
Humans , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Young Adult , Breast Neoplasms/prevention & control , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Uruguay , Mammography/statistics & numerical data , Cross-Sectional Studies , Risk Factors , Health Surveys , Ultrasonography, Mammary/statistics & numerical data , Breast Self-Examination/statistics & numerical data , Educational Status , Information Seeking Behavior , OctogenariansРеферат
Introdução: A neoplasia mamária constitui a primeira causa de óbito por câncer em mulheres brasileiras. Dados sobre o real impacto da pandemia na política de rastreamento e diagnóstico do câncer de mama no Brasil ainda são desconhecidos. Objetivo: Avaliar o efeito da pandemia da covid-19 no número de mamografias realizadas no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). Método: Estudo epidemiológico, quantitativo e de delineamento transversal. Foram selecionadas mamografias mensais realizadas no SUS após consulta ao Departamento de Informática do SUS (DATASUS). Foi avaliado o volume histórico, de janeiro de 2017 a março de 2020, mês seguinte ao primeiro caso de covid-19 diagnosticado no Brasil, para se construir um modelo de previsão das mamografias esperadas de março de 2020 até dezembro de 2021. Resultado: No ano de 2020, 1.705.475 mamografias deixaram de ser realizadas no Brasil em relação ao ano anterior, segundo o DATASUS. O modelo de previsão, com base nos valores históricos, mostrou um déficit de 1.635.42 mamografias. Em maio de 2020, ocorreu a maior queda na realização dos exames, representando apenas 20,69% das mamografias realizadas no mesmo mês do ano anterior. Conclusão: A detecção precoce do câncer de mama foi uma das áreas médicas impactadas pela política de restrição e isolamento impostos no ano de 2020. Nesse sentido, esforços governamentais futuros serão necessários para oferecer tratamento a eventuais pacientes com diagnóstico tardio de câncer de mama, além das mamografias que não puderam ser realizadas
Introduction: Breast cancer is the leading cause of death by cancer in Brazilian women. Data on the real impact of the pandemic on breast cancer screening and diagnosis policy in Brazil are still unknown. Objective: Evaluate the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the number of mammograms performed in the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS). Method: Epidemiological, quantitative, cross-sectional study. Monthly mammograms performed at SUS through the Department of Informatics of the SUS (DATASUS) were selected. The historical volume from January 2017 to March 2020, the month following the first case of COVID-19 diagnosed in Brazil, was evaluated to build a forecast model of expected mammograms from March 2020 to December 2021. Result: In 2020, 1,705,475 mammograms were not performed compared to the previous year, according to DATASUS. The prediction model, based on historical values, showed a deficit of 1,635,420 mammograms. In May 2020, there was the biggest drop of the exams, representing only 20.69% of mammograms performed in the same month of the previous year. Conclusion: Early detection of breast cancer was one of the medical areas impacted by the restrictions and social distance policy imposed in 2020. In this sense, future government efforts will be needed to offer treatment to potential patients with late diagnosis of breast cancer, in addition to the mammograms that were not done
Introducción: El cáncer de mama es la principal causa de muerte por cáncer en las mujeres brasileñas. Aún se desconocen los datos sobre el impacto real de la pandemia en la política de tamizaje y diagnóstico de cáncer de mama en Brasil. Objetivo: Evaluar el efecto de la pandemia de covid-19 en el número de mamografías realizadas en el Sistema Único de Salud (SUS). Método: Estudio epidemiológico, cuantitativo y transversal. Se seleccionaron mamografías mensuales realizadas en el SUS a través del Departamento de Informática del SUS (DATASUS). Se evaluó el volumen histórico, de enero de 2017 a marzo de 2020, el mes siguiente al primer caso de covid-19 diagnosticado en Brasil, para construir un modelo de predicción de mamografías esperadas, de marzo de 2020 a diciembre de 2021. Resultado: En 2020, se dejaron de realizar 1.705.475 mamografías en Brasil en comparación con el año anterior, según DATASUS. El modelo de predicción, basado en valores históricos, mostró un déficit de 1.635.420 mamografías. En mayo de 2020, hubo la mayor caída en los exámenes, totalizando solo el 20,69% de las mamografías realizadas en el mismo mes del año anterior. Conclusión: La detección temprana del cáncer de mama fue una de las áreas médicas impactadas por la política de restricción y aislamiento impuesta en 2020. En este sentido, serán necesarios futuros esfuerzos gubernamentales para brindar el tratamiento de eventuales pacientes con diagnóstico tardío de cáncer de mama, además las mamografías mamografías que no se pudieron realizar
Тема - темы
Humans , Female , Unified Health System , Breast Neoplasms , Mammography/statistics & numerical data , COVID-19 , Health PolicyРеферат
As Doenças e Agravos Não Transmissíveis (DANT) representam a maior causa de morbimortalidade no Brasil e no mundo. Compreendem dois grandes grupos de eventos: as Doenças Crônicas não Transmissíveis (DCNT), caracterizadas principalmente pelas doenças cardiovasculares, doenças respiratórias crônicas, neoplasias e diabetes mellitus, e as causas externas, tais como os acidentes e as violências. Nesse sentido, o VIGITEL nacional, realizado a partir de 2006, forneceu dados importantes de fatores de risco para o Brasil e capitais. Este relatório é o resultado do primeiro inquérito realizado no Estado, com representatividade para o Estado de Goiás e as cinco macrorregiões. Esses dados subsidiarão o novo Plano de Enfrentamento das DANT de Goiás (2023-2032)
Non-communicable Diseases and Conditions (NCDs) represent the biggest cause of morbidity and mortality in Brazil and the world. They comprise two large groups of events: Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs), characterized mainly by cardiovascular diseases, chronic respiratory diseases, neoplasms and diabetes mellitus, and external causes, such as accidents and violence. In this sense, the national VIGITEL, carried out since 2006, provided important data on risk factors for Brazil and capitals. This report is the result of the first survey carried out in the State, with representation for the State of Goiás and the five macro-regions. This data will support the new Goiás DANT Coping Plan (2023-2032)
Тема - темы
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Health Surveys/methods , Alcohol Drinking/epidemiology , Mammography/statistics & numerical data , Health Surveys/instrumentation , Health Surveys/statistics & numerical data , Hypertension/epidemiologyРеферат
ABSTRACT We have previously reported the impact of covid-19 pandemic on breast cancer screening, in Brazil: among women aged 50-69 years, mammography attendance decreased by 42% in public healthcare (SUS), comparing 2019 and 2020. In this short communication, we wish to present: a) an update of the number of mammograms performed, in 2021; b) an exploratory analysis of the characteristics of the screened population between 2019 and 2021. A total of 1.675.307 mammograms were performed in 2021, nearly 15% lower than pre-pandemic levels. Almost a third, 29.5% of them, had intervals greater than three years. In accordance with our previous study, the number of patients with palpable lumps on physical exam increased. The consequences of postponing breast cancer screening during the pandemic are still uncertain. Unfortunately, as of December 2021, screening attendance has not resumed. On the contrary, our results show an increase in the fraction of women with mammography delayed beyond three years.
Тема - темы
Humans , Female , Breast Neoplasms/prevention & control , Mammography/statistics & numerical data , Women's Health/trends , Early Detection of Cancer , COVID-19Реферат
Resumen Introducción: Promover la detección de cáncer de mama (CaMa) en mujeres mediante mastografía es una estrategia viable para disminuir los diagnósticos en fases clínicamente avanzadas y la mortalidad. Objetivos: Describir los resultados reportados por estudios de mastografía en mujeres realizados a nivel nacional durante 2013-2017 y analizar la tendencia espaciotemporal de categorías BIRADS (Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System) sugestivas de malignidad por Estado. Método: Diseño analítico longitudinal que incluyó información sobre estudios de mastografía de mujeres según grupo de edad (< 40 e ≥ 40), valoradas en unidades de la Secretaría de Salud, México, durante 2013-2017. Se estimó la frecuencia de categorías según BIRADS, tasa estandarizada sugestiva de malignidad (categorías 4 y 5) en mujeres ≥ 40 años y se utilizó estadística espacial para analizar la tendencia por Estado. Resultados: Se analizaron 3,659,151 mastografías, el 98.5 % en mujeres ≥ 40 años. La tasa sugestiva de malignidad disminuyó de 38.3 (2013) a 31 (2017) por 100 mil mujeres ≥ 40 años; sin embargo, el riesgo de detección aumentó hasta 13 veces en diez Estados. Conclusiones: Aunque el riesgo de detección en categorías sugestivas de malignidad disminuyó a nivel nacional, algunos Estados requieren reforzar la aplicación de programas de detección del CaMa mediante mastografía e incrementar la participación de la población blanco.
Abstract Introduction: Promoting breast cancer (BC) detection in women by means of mammography is a viable strategy to reduce the number of diagnoses at clinically advanced stages and mortality. Objectives: To describe the results reported by mammography studies in women, carried out nationally during 2013-2017, and to analyze the spatiotemporal trend of Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BIRADS) categories suggestive of malignancy by State. Method: Longitudinal, analytical design that included information on mammography studies of women according to age group (< 40 and ≥ 40), evaluated in units of the Ministry of Health of Mexico during 2013-2017. The frequency of BIRADS categories and a standardized rate suggestive of malignancy (categories 4 and 5) were estimated in women aged ≥ 40 years, and spatial statistics were used to analyze the trend by State. Results: A total of 3,659,151 mammograms were analyzed, 98.5 % in women aged ≥ 40 years. The malignancy-suggestive rate decreased from 38.3 (2013) to 31 (2017) per 100,000 women aged ≥ 40 years; however, the risk of detection increased up to 13 times in ten States. Conclusions: Although the risk of detection in categories suggestive of malignancy decreased at the national level, some States need to reinforce the application of BC detection programs through mammography and increase the participation of the target population.
Тема - темы
Humans , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Breast Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Mammography/statistics & numerical data , Spatio-Temporal Analysis , Patient Participation/statistics & numerical data , Breast Neoplasms/classification , Breast Neoplasms/epidemiology , Mammography/classification , Linear Models , Space-Time Clustering , Age Factors , Mexico/epidemiologyРеферат
ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Cancer is a serious public issue problem worldwide. In Brazil, breast cancer is the most common type and cervical cancer is the third most frequent among women. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the temporal trend of coverage of mammography and cervical oncotic cytological testing, between 2007 and 2018. DESIGN AND SETTING: Time-series study conducted in the 26 Brazilian state capitals and in the Federal District. METHODS: A linear regression model was used to estimate trends in coverage of mammography and cervical oncotic cytological testing over the period. The data collection system for Surveillance of Risk and Protection Factors for Chronic Diseases by Telephone Survey (Vigitel) was used. RESULTS: A significant increase in mammography coverage was observed, from 71.1% in 2007 to 78.0% in 2018. There was a trend towards an increase among women with 0 to 8 years of schooling, in all regions of Brazil. Regarding cervical oncotic cytological testing coverage, there was a trend towards stability during the period analyzed, reaching 81.7% in 2018. On the other hand, there was a significant increase in the northern region. CONCLUSIONS: There was an improvement in the coverage of these screening examinations, especially regarding mammography. However, it is still necessary to expand their provision, quality and surveillance, aimed towards women's health.
Тема - темы
Humans , Female , Mammography/statistics & numerical data , Healthcare Disparities/statistics & numerical data , Early Detection of Cancer/statistics & numerical data , Papanicolaou Test/statistics & numerical data , Socioeconomic Factors , Brazil , Breast Neoplasms/diagnosis , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/diagnosisРеферат
Resumo Este artigo busca discutir a evolução das desigualdades em saúde e no acesso aos serviços de saúde nas grandes regiões a partir de inquéritos domiciliares realizados de 1998 a 2013. As desigualdades sociais foram analisadas pelas razões de extremos de anos de escolaridade, considerando duas faixas etárias (18 a 59 anos e 60 anos ou mais). Nas condições de saúde, observa-se, nos dois grupos etários, uma pior avaliação do estado de saúde e um aumento da prevalência de diabetes e hipertensão, o que pode estar relacionado à expansão da atenção básica. Quanto à realização de consultas médicas no último ano, encontra-se, no geral, maior acesso, com manutenção de pequenas desigualdades. A maior utilização de consulta odontológica entre os de menor escolaridade provoca uma redução nas desigualdades, que ainda são significativas. As internações hospitalares, ao longo da série, são maiores entre os menos escolarizados, e há uma redução nas taxas nos dois grupos etários, em quase todas as regiões. Percebe-se um aumento na realização de mamografia por mulheres menos escolarizadas, com diminuição da desigualdade. Os resultados corroboram a necessidade da continuidade dos inquéritos domiciliares para o monitoramento das desigualdades regionais e sociais no acesso ao sistema de saúde.
Abstract This article discusses trends in health inequalities and access to health services across the regions of Brazil using data from household surveys conducted between 1998 and 2013. Social inequality was measured based on the ratio between the extremes of years of schooling considering two age groups (18 to 59 years and 60 years and over). The findings show a decline in health status and increase in prevalence of diabetes and hypertension in both age groups, which may be related to the expansion of primary healthcare. The findings regarding the percentage of people who had had a medical appointment in the last 12 months show that low levels of inequalities persist despite a general improvement in access. Despite an increase in the percentage of people with up to 3 years of schooling who had had a dental appointment in the last year, significant inequalities persist. The percentage of people who reported being admitted to hospital in the last 12 months was greater among people with up to 3 years of schooling throughout the study period. The hospitalization rate decreased in both age groups across almost all regions. The proportion of women aged between 50 and 69 years with up to 3 years of schooling who had had a mammogram increased, leading to a decrease in inequality. The findings show the need to ensure the continuity of household surveys to monitor inequalities in access to health care services by region and social group.
Тема - темы
Humans , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Young Adult , Health Status , Health Status Disparities , Health Services Accessibility , Primary Health Care/organization & administration , Social Class , Brazil , Mammography/statistics & numerical data , Surveys and Questionnaires , Age Factors , Delivery of Health Care/statistics & numerical data , Educational Status , Healthcare Disparities/statistics & numerical data , Hospitalization/statistics & numerical data , Middle AgedРеферат
Objetivo: analisar a prevalência e os fatores associados à realização da mamografia em mulheres com idade de 40 a 59 anos, usuárias da atenção primária à saúde, em Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brasil. Métodos: estudo transversal, em 26 unidades de saúde; os dados foram coletados de março a setembro de 2014; as variáveis independentes descreveram características sociodemográficas, comportamentais e reprodutivas, com o desfecho de realização de mamografia a cada dois anos. Resultados: participaram 400 usuárias, das quais 57,8% realizaram a mamografia a cada dois anos; a realização do exame foi mais prevalente entre mulheres de 50 a 59 anos (RP=1,48 - IC95%1,25;1,75), da classe econômica A/B (RP=1,81 - IC95%1,22;2,68) e que não menstruam (RP=1,31 - IC95%1,08;1,60). Conclusão: apesar de a proporção de realização da mamografia estar conforme o recomendado, no grupo de 50 a 59 anos, observa-se maior frequência na classe A/B, o que sugere desigualdade no acesso ao exame.
Objetivo: estimar la prevalencia y los factores asociados a la realización de mamografía en mujeres adultas, entre 40 y 59 años, usuarias de la atención primaria de salud. Métodos: estudio transversal, en 26 unidades de salud de Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brasil; los datos fueron recolectados de marzo a septiembre de 2014; las variables independientes describieron características sociodemográficas, comportamentales y reproductivas, con desenlace de realización de mamografía a cada dos años. Resultados: participaron 400 usuarias, de las cuales 57,8% realizaron mamografía a cada dos años; el examen fue más prevalente entre mujeres de 50 a 59 años (RP=1,48 - IC95%1,25;1,75), de classe económica A/B (RP=1,81 - IC95%1,22;2,68) y que ya no menstrúan (RP=1,31 - IC95%1,08;1,60). Conclusión: a pesar de la proporción de realización de la mamografía estar dentro de lo recomendado, en el grupo de 50 a 59 años, se observa mayor frecuencia en la clase A/B, lo que sugiere desigualdad de acceso al examen.
Objectives: to estimate prevalence and factors associated with having mammography examinations among adult women aged 40 to 59 years old in primary health care services. Methods: a cross-sectional study was performed in 26 health centers in Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil; data were collected from March to September 2014; the independent variables described sociodemographic, behavioral and reproductive characteristics, having mammography performed every two years as the outcome. Results: 400 users participated, 57.8% of whom undergo mammography every two years; having the examination was more prevalent among women aged 50-59 years (PR=1.48 - 95%CI 1.25;1.75), those belonging to economic class A/B (PR=1.81 - 95%CI 1.22;2.68) and those who no longer menstruate (PR=1.31 - 95%CI 1.08;1.60). Conclusion: although the proportion of mammography examinations performed is in keeping with recommended levels, a higher frequency was found among the 50-59 age group belonging to class A/B, suggesting unequal access to this examination.
Тема - темы
Humans , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Primary Health Care , Breast Neoplasms/diagnosis , Breast Neoplasms/prevention & control , Mammography/statistics & numerical data , Health Services Accessibility , Socioeconomic Factors , Diagnostic Imaging/statistics & numerical data , Cross-Sectional Studies , Women's Health , Age FactorsРеферат
INTRODUCCIÓN En Perú, el cáncer de mama es la segunda neoplasia más prevalente y la tercera causa neoplásica de mayor mortalidad en mujeres. La implementación de programas de tamizaje mediante mamografías ha reducido considerablemente la mortalidad por cáncer de mama en países de altos ingresos. OBJETIVOS Analizar los factores bio-sociodemográficos asociados a la realización de mamografías en mujeres peruanas de 40 a 59 años. MÉTODOS Análisis secundario de la Encuesta Demográfica y de Salud Familiar 2018 realizada en Perú. La muestra de representatividad nacional consistió en 4822 mujeres de 40 a 59 años. Se consideró como variable principal la realización de una mamografía en los últimos 24 meses, con lo cual se calcularon proporciones ponderadas y razones de prevalencia crudas y ajustadas. RESULTADOS El 16,9% de las mujeres encuestadas reportó la realización de mamografía. La mayor proporción de realización de mamografías se encontró en mujeres con nivel educativo superior (30,1%), mayor quintil de riqueza (34,2%) y aquellas provenientes de ciudad tipo capital (26,9%). El análisis multivariado mostró que solo el mayor quintil de riqueza (razón de prevalencias: 5,75; intervalo de confianza 95%: 2,97 a 11,15) comparado con el menor quintil, y el grupo etario de 55 a 59 años (razón de prevalencias: 1,83; intervalo de confianza 95%: 1,31 a 2,55) comparado con mujeres de 40 a 44 años; estuvieron asociados significativamente con la realización de mamografías en los últimos 24 meses. CONCLUSIONES La realización de mamografía como examen preventivo de cáncer de mama en Perú aún es baja en comparación a otros países. La asociación de la realización de mamografía con el quintil de riqueza evidencia las desigualdades de acceso a salud preventiva en el país.
INTRODUCTION Breast cancer is the second most prevalent neoplasm in women after cervical cancer in Peru. It is also the third leading cause of female mortality. The implementation of screening programs using mammography has led to a considerable reduction in the mortality of this cancer in high-income countries. OBJECTIVES To analyze the factors associated with mammography use in Peruvian women between the ages of 40 and 59. METHODS Secondary analysis of the 2018 Demographic and Health Survey in Peru. The national representative sample consisted of 4822 women between the ages of 40 and 59. The main outcome was the use of mammography during the last 24 months, with which we calculated percentages and crude and adjusted prevalence ratios (PR). RESULTS 16.9% of the surveyed women reported a mammography exam. A higher proportion of mammography use was observed in women with a higher level of education (30.1%), higher wealth quintile (34.2%) and those from capital cities (26.9%). Multivariate analysis showed that only the highest wealth index quintile (prevalence ratio: 5.75; 95% confidence interval: 2.97 to 11.15) compared to the lowest quintile; and the 55 to 59 age group (prevalence ratio: 1.83; 95% confidence interval: 1.31 to 2.55) compared to the 40 to 44 age group, were significantly associated with mammography. CONCLUSIONS The use of mammography as a preventive examination for breast cancer in Peru is still low compared to other countries. The association of mammography with the better-off quintile shows the inequalities of access to preventive health in the country.
Тема - темы
Humans , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Breast Neoplasms/diagnosis , Mammography/statistics & numerical data , Mass Screening/statistics & numerical data , Health Services Accessibility/statistics & numerical data , Peru , Mammography/economics , Mass Screening , Health Surveys , Age Factors , Healthcare Disparities , Early Detection of CancerРеферат
Resumo: No Brasil, o Ministério da Saúde recomenda o rastreamento mamográfico bienal para mulheres entre 50-69 anos. Como o rastreamento é oportunístico no país, a periodicidade efetiva varia. Esse estudo visou a testar metodologia para a estimação do sobrerrastreio por periodicidade excessiva, definido como intervalo entre exames menores que o preconizado e sua associação com variáveis sociodemográficas. Trata-se de uma coorte de mulheres com mamografia de rastreamento de resultado normal em 2010, obtida por relacionamento probabilístico valendo-se das bases identificadas do SISMAMA. Foram utilizados dados referentes a mulheres residentes na microrregião de saúde de Juiz de Fora/Lima Duarte/Bom Jardim, Minas Gerais, Brasil, acompanhadas no Sistema até o fim de 2012. A taxa de sobrerrastreio foi de 150/mil mulheres/ano (IC95%: 144,9-155,9), atingindo 21% das mulheres. O sobrerrastreio aumentou 24% durante as campanhas Outubro Rosa (HR ajustada = 1,24; IC95%: 1,15-1,35). Quanto menor o tempo desde a última mamografia, maior foi a chance de sobrerrastreio. Em relação a mulheres que nunca tinham feito mamografia anterior a 2010, as que fizeram há 2 anos foram 2 vezes mais sobrerrastreadas (HR ajustada = 2,01; IC95%: 1,74-2,31) e há ≤ 1 ano 3 vezes mais (HR ajustada: 3,27; IC95%: 2,87-3,73). Nessa população, o sobrerrastreio foi substancial, expondo excessivamente as mulheres aos riscos do rastreamento sem benefício adicional e superestimando a cobertura mamográfica. A metodologia mostrou-se efetiva e deve ser aplicada em populações representativas para orientar políticas de controle de câncer de mama.
Abstract: The Brazilian Ministry of Health recommends biennial mammographic screening for women aged between 50 and 69 years. Since screening is opportunistic in the country, the actual periodicity varies. This study sought to test a methodology for estimating over-screening due to excessive periodicity, defined as a smaller than recommended interval between exams, and its association with socio-demographic characteristics. A cohort of women who underwent mammography in 2010, and whose result was normal, was assembled through probabilistic linkage SISMAMA records based on a set of personal identifiers. We used data from women living in the micro health region of Juiz de Fora/Lima Duarte/Bom Jardim, Minas Gerais State, Brazil, who were followed in the System until the end of 2012. The rate of over-screening was 150/1,000 women/year (95%CI: 144.9-155.9), affecting 21% of women. Over-screening increased by 24% during Pink October campaigns (adjusted HR = 1.24; 95%CI: 1.15-1.35). The shorter the time passed since the last mammogram, the greater the odds of over-screening. Compared with women who had never had a mammogram prior to 2010, women who had had one in the previous 2 years were two times more likely to be over-screened (adjusted HR = 2.01; 95%CI: 1.74-2.31) whilst those who had had a mammogram ≤ 1 year previously were three times more likely to be over-screened (adjusted HR = 3.27; 95%CI: 2.87-3.73). Over-screening was substantial in this population, excessively exposing women to the risks of screening with no additional benefits and overestimating mammogram coverage. The methodology proved to be successful and should be applied to representative populations in order to guide breast cancer control policies.
Resumen: En Brasil, el Ministerio de Salud recomienda pruebas mamográficas bienales para mujeres entre 50-69 años. Como las pruebas se realizan ocasionalmente en el país, la periodicidad efectiva varía. El objetivo de este estudio fue probar la metodología para la estimación del exceso de pruebas por periodicidad excesiva, definido como un intervalo menor entre exámenes que el preconizado, y su asociación con variables sociodemográficas. Se trata de una cohorte de mujeres con mamografías para la detección de cáncer con un resultado normal en 2010, obtenida mediante relación probabilística, haciendo uso de las bases identificadas del SISMAMA. Se utilizaron datos referentes a mujeres, residentes en la microrregión de salud de Juiz de Fora/Lima Duarte/Bom Jardim, Estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil, a quienes se les realizó un seguimiento en el sistema hasta finales de 2012. La tasa de exceso pruebas fue de 150/1.000 mujeres/año (IC95%: 144,9-155,9), alcanzando un 21% de las mujeres. El exceso de pruebas aumento un 24% durante las campañas Octubre Rosa (HR ajustada = 1,24; IC95%: 1,15-1,35). Cuanto menor era el tiempo desde la última mamografía, mayor fue la oportunidad de exceso de pruebas. En relación con mujeres que nunca se habían hecho una mamografía anterior a 2010, en quienes se la hicieron hace 2 años hubo 2 veces más exceso de pruebas (HR ajustada = 2,01; IC95%: 1,74-2,31) y hace ≤ 1 año 3 veces más (HR ajustada = 3,27; IC95%: 2,87-3,73). En esta población, el exceso de pruebas fue sustancial, exponiendo excesivamente a las mujeres a los riesgos de la detección sin beneficio adicional y sobrevalorando la cobertura mamográfica. La metodología se mostró efectiva y se debe aplicar en poblaciones representativas para orientar políticas de control de cáncer de mama.
Тема - темы
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Breast Neoplasms/epidemiology , Breast Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Mammography/methods , Mass Screening/methods , Health Information Systems/statistics & numerical data , Brazil/epidemiology , Mammography/statistics & numerical data , Pilot Projects , Mass Screening/statistics & numerical data , Risk Factors , Databases, Factual , Early Detection of CancerРеферат
Abstract: Our objectives with this study were to describe the spatial distribution of mammographic screening coverage across small geographical areas (micro-regions) in Brazil, and to analyze whether the observed differences were associated with spatial inequities in socioeconomic conditions, provision of health care, and healthcare services utilization. We performed an area-based ecological study on mammographic screening coverage in the period of 2010-2011 regarding socioeconomic and healthcare variables. The units of analysis were the 438 health micro-regions in Brazil. Spatial regression models were used to study these relationships. There was marked variability in mammographic coverage across micro-regions (median = 21.6%; interquartile range: 8.1%-37.9%). Multivariable analyses identified high household income inequality, low number of radiologists/100,000 inhabitants, low number of mammography machines/10,000 inhabitants, and low number of mammograms performed by each machine as independent correlates of poor mammographic coverage at the micro-region level. There was evidence of strong spatial dependence of these associations, with changes in one micro-region affecting neighboring micro-regions, and also of geographical heterogeneities. There were substantial inequities in access to mammographic screening across micro-regions in Brazil, in 2010-2011, with coverage being higher in those with smaller wealth inequities and better access to health care.
Resumo: O estudo teve como objetivos descrever a distribuição espacial do rastreamento por mamografia entre áreas geográficas pequenas (microrregiões) no Brasil, além de investigar se as diferenças observadas estavam associadas a inequidades espaciais nas condições socioeconômicas, na prestação de assistência à saúde e no uso de serviços de saúde. Este foi um estudo ecológico de base territorial, comparando a cobertura do rastreamento por mamografia em 2010-2011 com fatores socioeconômicos e de cuidados de saúde. O estudo usou 438 microrregiões sanitárias brasileiras como as unidades analíticas. Foram utilizados modelos de regressão espacial para estudar as associações. Houve uma importante variabilidade na cobertura por mamografia entre microrregiões (mediana = 21,6%; variação interquartil: 8,1%-37,9%). A análise multivariada identificou: forte desigualdade na renda familiar, número baixo de radiologistas/100 mil habitantes, número baixo de aparelhos de mamografia/10 mil habitantes e número baixo de mamografias realizadas com cada aparelho enquanto correlatos independentes da baixa cobertura mamográfica no nível microrregional. Houve evidência de forte dependência espacial nessas associações, em que as mudanças em uma microrregião afetavam as microrregiões vizinhas, além de heterogeneidade geográfica. O estudo revelou importantes inequidades no acesso ao exame de mamografia entre microrregiões brasileiras em 2010-2011, com cobertura mais alta nas microrregiões com menor desigualdade de renda e melhor acesso geral aos cuidados de saúde.
Resumen: Los objetivos de este estudio fueron describir la distribución espacial de la cobertura del cribado mamográfico, a través de pequeñas áreas geográficas (microrregiones) en Brasil, y examinar si las diferencias observadas estuvieron asociadas con inequidades espaciales, en términos de condiciones socioeconómicas, sistema de atención de salud, y utilización de servicios de salud. Se trata de un estudio ecológico, basado en áreas incluidas en la cobertura de cribado mamográfico durante 2010-2011 y relacionadas con variables socioeconómicas y de salud. Las unidades de análisis fueron 438 microrregiones de salud en Brasil. Se utilizaron modelos de regresión espacial para estudiar estas relaciones existentes. Hubo una variabilidad marcada en relación con la cobertura mamográfica a través de las microrregiones (media = 21.6%; rango intercuartílico: 8,1%-37,9%). Los análisis multivariables identificaron una alta inequidad en los ingresos por hogar, bajo número de radiólogos/100,000 habitantes, bajo número de máquinas de mamografía/10.000 habitantes, y un bajo número de mamografías realizadas por cada máquina, lo que está independiente correlacionado con la baja cobertura de mamografías en el nivel de microrregión. Hubo evidencias de una dependencia espacial fuerte de estas asociaciones, con cambios en una microrregión afectando a microrregiones vecinas, y también de heterogeneidades geográficas. Hubo inequidades sustanciales en el acceso al cribado mamográfico a través de las microrregiones en Brasil, en 2010-2011, con una cobertura superior en aquellas con pequeñas inequidades respecto a la riqueza y mejor acceso a los servicios de salud.
Тема - темы
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Breast Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Mammography/statistics & numerical data , Health Services Accessibility/statistics & numerical data , Socioeconomic Factors , Brazil , Mammography/economics , Residence Characteristics , Healthcare Disparities/economics , Healthcare Disparities/statistics & numerical data , Early Detection of Cancer , Spatial Analysis , Health Services Accessibility/economics , Health Services Needs and Demand/statistics & numerical dataРеферат
El cáncer de mama ocupa el primer lugar en incidencia y mortalidad en el Uruguay. El conocimiento de la distribución de los factores de riesgo relacionados con el desarrollo de la enfermedad facilita la incorporación de estrategias de prevención en la práctica clínica habitual, lo que podría contribuir a disminuir los índices de morbimortalidad. Objetivos: conocer el perfil epidemiológico para el cáncer de mama y la frecuencia del control mamográfico en la población encuestada. Material y Métodos: Se aplicó una encuesta a mujeres uruguayas, luego de realizada, se les brindó información sobre los factores de riesgo y protectores y sobre la importancia de realizar el control mamográfico. Resultados: Se incluyeron 182 encuestadas, la mediana de edad fue 34 años (18-75 años). Excluyendo el sexo femenino (factor de riesgo presente en todas las encuestadas), 73 encuestadas (48%) presentaban uno o más factores de riego. La mayoría de las mujeres mayores de 50 años (58; 87,8%), realizaban control mamográfico al menos en forma bianual. Conclusiones: Concordantemente con lo reportado por el Programa Nacional de Cáncer de Mama, 40% de las encuestadas tuvieron algún factor de riesgo. La mayoría de las encuestadas mayores de 50 años realizaban control mamográfico y clínico al menos en forma bianual. Si bien, debido a las características del trabajo, solamente podemos obtener conclusiones sobre las mujeres incluidas, los datos recogidos nos permiten conocer mejor el perfil epidemiológico de la población uruguaya, lo que puede contribuir a las prácticas de prevención.
Breast cancer ranks first in incidence and mortality in Uruguay. The knowledge of the distribution of risk factors related to the development of the disease facilitates the incorporation of prevention strategies in routine clinical practice, which could contribute to lower morbidity and mortality rates. Objectives: to know the epidemiological profile for breast cancer and the frequency of mammographic control in the surveyed population. Material and Methods: A survey was applied to Uruguayan women. After the same, they were given information about the risk and protective factors and the importance of performing mammographic control. Results: 182 respondents were included; the median age was 34 years (18-75 years). Excluding the female sex (risk factor present in all respondents), 73 respondents (48%) had one or more risk factors. The majority of women older than 50 years (58; 87.8%), performed mammographic control at least biannually. Conclusions: Consistent with what was reported by the National Breast Cancer Program, 40% of the respondents had some risk factor. The majority of respondents over 50 years of age performed mammographic and clinical control at least bi-annually. Although, due to the characteristics of the work, we can only draw conclusions about the women included, the data collected allow us to better understand the epidemiological profile of the Uruguayan population, which can contribute to prevention practices.
O câncer de mama ocupa o primeiro lugar em incidência e mortalidade no Uruguai. O conhecimento da distribuição dos fatores de risco relacionados ao desenvolvimento da doença facilita a incorporação de estratégias de prevenção na prática clínica de rotina, o que poderia contribuir para menores taxas de morbidade e mortalidade. Objetivos: Conhecer o perfil epidemiológico do câncer de mama e frequência de controle da população mamográfica in Material encuestada.- e Métodos: A pesquisa foi aplicada mulheres uruguaias. Após o mesmo, foram dadas informações sobre os fatores de risco e proteção e a importância da realização do controle mamográfico. Resultados: 182 respondentes foram incluídos, a mediana de idade foi de 34 anos (18-75 anos). Excluindo o sexo feminino (fator de risco presente em todos os entrevistados), 73 entrevistados (48%) apresentavam um ou mais fatores de risco. A maioria das mulheres com idade superior a 50 anos (58; 87,8%) realizaram o controle mamográfico pelo menos semestralmente. Conclusões: Consistente com o que foi relatado pelo National Breast Cancer Program, 40% dos respondentes tinham algum fator de risco. A maioria dos entrevistados com mais de 50 anos de idade realizou controle mamográfico e clínico pelo menos bianualmente. Embora, devido às características do trabalho, só podemos tirar conclusões sobre mulheres incluídas, os dados coletados nos permitem compreender melhor o perfil epidemiológico da população uruguaia, que pode contribuir para práticas de prevenção.
Тема - темы
Humans , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Breast Neoplasms/prevention & control , Breast Neoplasms/epidemiology , Health Profile , Mammography/statistics & numerical data , Risk Factors , Health SurveysРеферат
Estudio observacional descriptivo de corte transversal sobre 3558 mamografías realizadas en el Hospital entre los años 2015 y 2017 considerando características epidemiológicas, hallazgos mamográficos y análisis de auditoria sobre seguimiento y vigilancia de resultados. Se tuvieron en cuenta las recomendaciones del Colegio Americano de Radiología (ACR) en su BIRADS 5ta edición del años 2013. En mamografías (Mx) preventivas y de diagnóstico al cáncer de mama lo observamos en etapas avanzadas y las tasas de recitación, valores predictivos positivos (VPP), valores predictivos negativos (VPN), sensibilidad y especificidad etuvieron dentro de lo adecuado para una evaluación de auditoría
A descriptive, cross-sectional obsrvational study was carried out on 3558 mammograms performed at the Hospital !A. Oñativia", Salta, Argentina between 2015 and 2017 considering epidemiological characteristics, mammographic findings and audit analysis on follow-up and monitoring of results. The recommendations of the American College of Radiology (ACR) were taken into account in their BIRADS 5th edition of 2013. Preventive and diagnostic mammograms (Mx) showed that breast cancer is found in advanced stages and the recitation rates, positive predictive values (PPV), negative predictive values (NPV), sensitivity and specificity were within the appropriate values for an audit evaluation
Тема - темы
Humans , Female , Breast Neoplasms/diagnosis , Breast Neoplasms/prevention & control , Mammography/statistics & numerical data , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Cross-Sectional Studies/statistics & numerical data , Predictive Value of Tests , Follow-Up Studies , Observational StudyРеферат
Abstract Objective: to describe the distribution of available mammograms in the Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) (Public Health Care System) and the mammography offering were carried out by this system, throughout the health regions in Pernambuco State, and compared them with the parametric care recommended by the Ministry of Health. Methods: this is a descriptive cross-sectional study that used secondary mammograms data in December 2016 by the Cadastro Nacional de Estabelecimentos de Saúde (National Registy on Health Establishments); and about mammography performed at SUS in 2016 by the Sistema de Informação Ambulatorial (Ambulatory Information System). The parametric care document No. 1.631/2015 was used as a comparability standard in relation to the distribution of the equipment and the mammography offering. Results: Pernambuco State presented approximately the double amount of mammograms and mammography was performed about 46% below the recommended parameter used in this study. All the health regions presented sufficient quantity of mammograms. However, the use of the installed capacity was less than 50% in all the health regions in the state. Conclusions: this study shows the need for a better use of the installed capacity for mammograms in Pernambuco State taken by the insufficient mammography offering and the poor distribution of the equipment in its territory.
Resumo Objetivo: descrever a distribuição dos mamógrafos disponíveis para o Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) e da oferta de mamografias realizadas através desse sistema, por região de saúde em Pernambuco e compará-los aos parâmetros assistenciais preconizados pelo Ministério da Saúde. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal descritivo, que utiliza dados secundários sobre mamógrafos, em dezembro de 2016, através do Cadastro Nacional de Estabelecimentos de Saúde; e sobre mamografias realizadas pelo SUS, em 2016, através do Sistema de Informação Ambulatorial. Utilizou-se o parâmetro assistencial da Portaria N° 1631/2015 como padrão de comparabilidade em relação à distribuição dos equipamentos e da oferta de mamografia. Resultados: Pernambuco apresentou aproximadamente o dobro de mamógrafos e realizou aproximadamente 46% mamografias abaixo do que preconiza o parâmetro de necessidade utilizado nesse estudo. Todas as regiões de saúde apresentaram quantidade de mamógrafos suficiente. Contudo, a utilização da capacidade instalada foi menor que 50% em todas as regiões de saúde do estado. Conclusões: Esse estudo mostra a necessidade de uma melhor utilização da capacidade instalada dos mamógrafos em Pernambuco, tendo em vista a insuficiente oferta de mamografias e a má distribuição desses equipamentos em seu território.
Тема - темы
Humans , Female , Unified Health System , Mammography/statistics & numerical data , Diagnostic Equipment/supply & distribution , Ambulatory Care , Brazil , Breast Neoplasms , Cross-Sectional Studies , Health Services AccessibilityРеферат
Resumo Os objetivos deste estudo foram caracterizar o perfil socioeconômico e epidemiológico das mulheres em Uberaba, segundo a prática de exames de rastreio para câncer de mama, bem como verificar os fatores associados à prática. Pesquisa transversal de base populacional, parte do Inquérito de Saúde da Mulher em Uberaba MG. Coleta por entrevista domiciliar, referentes à questões socioeconômicas, epidemiológicas e prática de exames de rastreio para câncer de mama. Amostra foi composta por 1.520 mulheres acima de 20 anos. Após o processamento dos dados, foi realizada análise estatística com medidas de associação pelo teste Qui-Quadrado; regressão bivariada e multivariada de Poisson, significância de 5%. Os resultados demonstraram um perfil de prática de exames de rastreio para câncer de mama com mulheres de raça/cor branca (66%), escolaridade e renda per capita elevada, estado conjugal "em união" (67,5%), não chefes de família (64,4%) e não tabagistas (64,6%). Os fatores associados à maior prática dos exames foram a faixa etária de 40-49 e 50-69 anos (RP = 0,7 e 0,64), renda per capita maior que um salário mínimo (RP = 1,17) e fonte de pagamento da mamografia pública ou por plano de saúde (RP = 1,98 e 1,94). Conclui-se que existem fatores relacionados à prática de exames de rastreio na amostra estudada.
Abstract This study aimed to characterize women's socioeconomic and epidemiological profile in Uberaba according to the breast cancer screening practice and identify associated factors with this practice. This is a cross-sectional research part of the Women's Health Survey in Uberaba (MG). Data was collected by home interview, referring to socioeconomic and epidemiological issues and breast cancer screening practice, from a sample of 1,520 women above 20 years of age. After processing the data, we performed statistical analysis with measures of association by the Chi-square test, bivariate and multivariate Poisson regression, with a significance level of 5%. The results showed a profile of breast cancer screening practice with white women (66%), high schooling and per capita income, in common-law marriage (67,5%), non-heads of households (64,4%) and non-smokers (64,6%). Factors associated with higher practice were the age groups 40-49 and 50-69 years (PR = 0.7 and 0.64), per capita income higher than one minimum wage (PR = 1.17) and public or health plan mammography coverage (PR = 1.98 and 1.94). We can conclude that factors associated with breast cancer screening practice have been identified in the studied sample.
Тема - темы
Humans , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Young Adult , Breast Neoplasms/diagnosis , Mammography/methods , Mass Screening/mortality , Early Detection of Cancer/methods , Socioeconomic Factors , Brazil/epidemiology , Breast Neoplasms/epidemiology , Mammography/statistics & numerical data , Poisson Distribution , Mass Screening/statistics & numerical data , Cross-Sectional Studies , Health Surveys , Age Factors , Early Detection of Cancer/statistics & numerical data , Income , Middle AgedРеферат
ABSTRACT Objective: To identify proximal, intermediary and individual social determinants related to mammography adherence, according to the Social Determinants of Health model proposed by Dahlgren and Whitehead. Method: Correlational cross-sectional study, carried out with a sociodemographic and clinical data questionnaire and the Champion's Health Belief Model Scale, translated and adapted for use in Brazil. Data analyzed by multiple linear regression, from the domains scale, and sociodemographic and clinical variables were used as predictors. Results: The age group of 60-64 years (55.0%) was highlighted, 22 (55.0%) women had a stable partner; and 14 (65.0%) completed higher education. The domain with the greatest influence on adhesion to mammography was perceived barriers. Conclusion: The social determinants of health are directly related to the levels of adherence to the exam among women, as well as the perceived benefits, susceptibilities and barriers.
RESUMEN Objetivo: identificar determinantes sociales proximales, intermediarios y distales relacionados a la adhesión a la mamografía, según el modelo de determinantes sociales de salud, propuesto por Dahlgren y Whitehead. Método: estudio transversal correlacionado, realizado con la aplicación de un cuestionario de datos socio demográficos y clínicos y de Champion's Health BeliefModelScale, traducida y adaptada para el uso en Brasil. Datos analizados por regresión linear múltipla, a partir de los dominios de la escala, y usadas, como predictores, las variables socio demográficas y clínicas. Resultados: Se destacó el grupo de edad de 60-64 años (55,0%), 22 (55,0%) mujeres poseían pareja estable; y 14 (65,0%) concluyeron la enseñanza superior. El dominio con mayor influencia en la adhesión a la mamografía fue barreras notadas. Conclusión: Los determinantes sociales de salud tiene relación directa con los niveles de adhesión examen entre las mujeres, así como con los beneficios, las susceptibilidades y las barreras notadas.
RESUMO Objetivo: identificar determinantes sociais proximais, intermediários e distais relacionados à adesão à mamografia, segundo o modelo de determinantes sociais de saúde, proposto por Dahlgren e Whitehead. Método: estudo transversal correlacional, realizado com a aplicação de um questionário de dados sociodemográficos e clínicos e da Champion's Health Belief Model Scale, traduzida e adaptada para o uso no Brasil. Dados analisados por regressão linear múltipla, a partir dos domínios da escala, e usadas, como preditores, as variáveis sociodemográficas e clínicas. Resultados: destacou-se a faixa etária de 60-64 anos (55,0%), 22 (55,0%) mulheres possuíam companheiro fixo; e 14 (65,0%) concluíram o ensino superior. O domínio com maior influência na adesão à mamografia foi barreiras percebidas. Conclusão: os determinantes sociais de saúde têm relação direta com os níveis de adesão ao exame entre as mulheres, bem como com os benefícios, as suscetibilidades e as barreiras percebidas.
Тема - темы
Humans , Female , Aged , Mammography/statistics & numerical data , Mass Screening/methods , Social Determinants of Health/statistics & numerical data , Psychometrics/instrumentation , Psychometrics/methods , Socioeconomic Factors , Brazil , Breast Neoplasms/prevention & control , Breast Neoplasms/psychology , Mammography/methods , Attitude to Health , Mass Screening/psychology , Mass Screening/statistics & numerical data , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Early Detection of Cancer/methods , Early Detection of Cancer/psychology , Treatment Adherence and Compliance/psychology , Middle AgedРеферат
Background: Contrast-enhanced spectral mammography or "contrast mammography" has a better cost effectiveness than breast magnetic resonance for confirmation of suspicious lesions detected on breast screening programs. Aim: To report the experience of a single center in Santiago. Material and Methods: All patients referred for contrast mammography between July 2015 and October 2017 were studied. We recorded the patient risk factors for breast cancer. In 85 patients with suspicious lesions, biopsy results were available. Results: We analyzed 465 contrast mammographies. The most common clinical indications were suspicion of cancer and previous inconclusive studies. Mass type lesions were detected in 33% of the studies. Non-mass-type lesions were observed in 10% of cases and findings compatible with papillomatosis in 2%. Fifty five percent of the studies had no visible lesions. In the 85 patients with a pathological study of the biopsy, the sensitivity of the contrast mammography was 100%, with a diagnostic accuracy of 85%, positive and negative predictive values of 82 and 100% respectively. Conclusions: Contrast mammography can be of great use for the assessment of patients with an altered conventional mammography, before indicating a magnetic resonance imaging or a percutaneous biopsy.
Тема - темы
Humans , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Young Adult , Breast Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Mammography/methods , Image Enhancement , Contrast Media , Mammography/statistics & numerical data , Reproducibility of Results , Risk Factors , Sensitivity and Specificity , Cost-Benefit Analysis , Early Detection of CancerРеферат
Objective: To estimate the cervical and breast cancer screening coverage and related factors among women aged 35-69 years who were in the National Cervical and Breast Screening Program, to provide evidence for improving cervical and breast cancer control and prevention strategy. Methods: Data used in this study were abstracted from the 2013 Chinese Chronic Diseases and Risk Factors Surveillance Program. A total of 66 130 women aged 35-64 years and 72 511 women aged 35-69 years were included for this study. Weighted prevalence, (with 95% confidence interval, CI) was calculated for complex sampling design. Rao-Scott χ(2) method was used to compare the screening coverage among subgroups. A random intercept equation which involved the logit-link function, was fitted under the following five levels: provincial, county, township, village and individual. Fix effects of all explanatory variables were converted into OR with 95%CI. Results: In 2013, 26.7% (95%CI: 24.6%-28.9%) of the 35-64 year-old women reported that they ever had been screened for cervical cancer and 22.5% (95% CI: 20.4%-24.6%) of the 35-69 year-olds had ever undergone breast cancer screening. Lower coverage was observed among women residing in rural and central or western China than those in urban or eastern China (P<0.000 1). The coverage among women aged 50 years or older was substantially lower than those aged 35-49 years. Those who were with low education level, unemployed, low household income and not covered by insurance, appeared fewer number on this cervical or breast cancer screening program (P<0.000 1). Women living in rural and western China were having less chance of receiving the breast cancer screening (P<0.05), but the difference was not statistically significant. Conclusion: It is essential to strengthen the community-based cervical and breast cancer screening programs, in order to increase the coverage. More attention should be paid to women aged 50 years or older, especially those socioeconomically disadvantaged ones.