摘要
Objective To investigate the efficacies of proximal femoral nail anti-rotation(PFNA)internal fixation in traction bed supine position and non-traction bed lateral position in the treatment of elderly unstable femoral intertrochanteric fractures.Methods The clinical data of patients with unstable femoral intertrochanteric fractures treated with PFNA internal fixation in our hospital were retrospec-tively analyzed,41 patients received treatment in traction bed supine position were included in the supine position group,and 55 patients treated received treatment in non-traction bed lateral position were included in the lateral position group.The perioperative related indicators,surgical reduction,hip Harris score,and incidence of complications in the two groups were analyzed.Results The operation time and incision length of patients in the lateral position group were shorter than those in the supine position group,and the intraoperative blood loss and fluoroscopy times were less than those in the supine position group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the anesthesia mode,blood transfusion or hospital stay of patients between the two groups(P>0.05).There was no significant difference in the incidence of postoperative complications of patients between the two groups(P>0.05).There was no significant difference in neck-shaft angle,tip-apex distance or hip Harris score of patients between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusion PFNA internal fixation in traction bed supine position and non-traction bed lateral position have the same effect in the treatment of elderly unstable femoral intertrochanteric fractures,while the non-traction bed lateral position for treatment has more advantages in shortening operation time,decreasing intraoperative blood loss,and reducing radiation exposure.
摘要
The rational medication in pregnant women is a clinical issue that clinicians and pharmacists must take seriously. Most tissues and organs undergo anatomical and physiological changes during pregnancy that affect the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of drugs in vivo, which ultimately lead to changes in bioavailability. In order to achieve an effective therapeutic concentration, dose adjustment might be required during this period. In the past ten years, the application of modeling and simulation methods in the field of drug development and clinical therapy has continued to expand, for instance, using population pharmacokinetic (PPK) and physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling to adjust dosage regimen in special populations. Rigorously designed and validated models will effectively make up for the deficiencies of clinical trials, provide valuable references for the design of clinical research, and even replace part of them. This article will introduce the physiological changes that affect the pharmacokinetic properties of the drug during pregnancy and review the progress in the application of PBPK modeling in pharmacokinetic studies in pregnant women.
摘要
Cytochrome P450s (CYP450) is a superfamily of phase I metabolic enzymes, which participates in more than 90% of drug oxidation. The induction or inhibition of CYP450s is the main mechanism of drug-drug interaction. In recent years, in vitro metabolism studies conducted through isolated organs, cells, or enzyme systems have developed rapidly, due to their precision and simplicity. Therefore, profiles of the in vitro metabolism studies of traditional Chinese medicines can infer the possible metabolic pathways of drugs, predict the potential drug interactions, and may enhance the rational use of drugs in clinic. This article reviews the in vitro inhibitory effects of traditional Chinese medicine, ingredients, and extracts on the activities of CYP450 enzymes in the liver microsomes, which can provide a reference for further researches on the interaction between Chinese medicine and chemical medicine.
摘要
Objectives@#. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a risk factor for deep neck infection (DNI) and leads to complications and poor outcomes. Our study aimed to investigate the risk, prognosis, and complications of peritonsillar abscess (PTA) in patients with T2DM. @*Methods@#. We extracted data of patients newly diagnosed as having T2DM between January 2000 and December 2011 from Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Research Database. These patients were matched with patients without T2DM, and PTA incidence was compared between both cohorts. @*Results@#. In total, 67,852 patients with and 135,704 patients without T2DM were enrolled. PTA incidence was significantly higher in patients with T2DM (incidence rate ratio, 1.91; P5 years after T2DM diagnosis. Cox regression analysis showed that patients with T2DM had an approximately 2-fold higher PTA risk (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR]: 1.89, P<0.001). Patients with a higher adapted Diabetes Complications Severity Index (aDCSI) had higher PTA risk than those with a lower aDCSI (aHRs: 2.17 for aDCSI ≥1, P=0.006 and 1.81 for aDCSI=0, P=0.002). T2DM patients with a high aDCSI (≥1) had a nonsignificantly longer hospitalization duration and a higher rate of DNI complications than did those with a low aDCSI (=0). @*Conclusion@#. In patients with T2DM, PTA incidence was relatively high, and it increased with T2DM severity. Moreover, T2DM patients should be particularly careful about PTA within 1 to 5 years after the diagnosis, and physicians should keep in mind that the prognosis of PTA was correlated with T2DM severity.
摘要
OBJECTIVE@#To study the expression of B lymphocyte-induced mature protein-1 (BLIMP-1) in regulatory T cells (Tregs) of children with aplastic anemia (AA), and analyze its correlation with the number of Tregs and the levels of inhibitory cytokines interleukin (IL)-10 and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β in plasma.@*METHODS@#The peripheral blood samples of 10 newly diagnosed AA children and 10 healthy children were collected for experiment. qPCR was used to detect FOXP3 and PRDM1 mRNA expression levels. Flow cytometry was used to detect the proportion of Tregs, the expression of BLIMP-1 in Tregs, and the levels of cytokines such as IL-2, IL-17A, IL-6, interferon (IFN)-γ, IL-10 and TGF-β in plasma. Pearson correlation model was used to evaluate the relationship between the expression of BLIMP-1 in Treg and the number of Tregs, as well as the levels of IL-10 and TGF-β in plasma.@*RESULTS@#Compared with control group, the proportion of Tregs in peripheral blood of AA children was decreased significantly (P<0.001); The plasma levels of proinflammatory cytokines IL-2, IL-6 and IFN-γ in AA children were increased significantly (P=0.033, P=0.031, P=0.006), and IL-17A also was increased but the difference was not statistically significant (P=0.052), while anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-10 and TGF-β were significantly reduced (P=0.048, P=0.002). The relative expressions level of FOXP3 and PRDM1 mRNA in AA children were significantly lower than those in control group (P=0.037, P=0.016). The expression of BLIMP-1 protein in Tregs of AA children was significantly lower than that in control group (P<0.001). The expression level of BLIMP-1 protein in Tregs was positively correlated with the percentage of Tregs in lymphocytes (r=0.671, P=0.001), and was also positively correlated with the levels of IL-10 and TGF-β in plasma (r=0.500, P=0.029; r=0.486, P=0.030).@*CONCLUSION@#The expression of BLIMP-1 in Tregs of AA children is impaired, and the low expression of BLIMP-1 is related to the decrease of the number in Tregs and IL-10 and TGF-β expressions.
Subject(s)
Child , Humans , Anemia, Aplastic , Cytokines , Flow Cytometry , Forkhead Transcription Factors , Positive Regulatory Domain I-Binding Factor 1 , T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory , Transforming Growth Factor beta摘要
Objectives@#. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a risk factor for deep neck infection (DNI) and leads to complications and poor outcomes. Our study aimed to investigate the risk, prognosis, and complications of peritonsillar abscess (PTA) in patients with T2DM. @*Methods@#. We extracted data of patients newly diagnosed as having T2DM between January 2000 and December 2011 from Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Research Database. These patients were matched with patients without T2DM, and PTA incidence was compared between both cohorts. @*Results@#. In total, 67,852 patients with and 135,704 patients without T2DM were enrolled. PTA incidence was significantly higher in patients with T2DM (incidence rate ratio, 1.91; P5 years after T2DM diagnosis. Cox regression analysis showed that patients with T2DM had an approximately 2-fold higher PTA risk (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR]: 1.89, P<0.001). Patients with a higher adapted Diabetes Complications Severity Index (aDCSI) had higher PTA risk than those with a lower aDCSI (aHRs: 2.17 for aDCSI ≥1, P=0.006 and 1.81 for aDCSI=0, P=0.002). T2DM patients with a high aDCSI (≥1) had a nonsignificantly longer hospitalization duration and a higher rate of DNI complications than did those with a low aDCSI (=0). @*Conclusion@#. In patients with T2DM, PTA incidence was relatively high, and it increased with T2DM severity. Moreover, T2DM patients should be particularly careful about PTA within 1 to 5 years after the diagnosis, and physicians should keep in mind that the prognosis of PTA was correlated with T2DM severity.
摘要
Objective: To screen and analyze the mutations of MITF gene in two children of type Ⅱ Waardenburg syndrome (WS2) from different families in Yunnan,China,and to explore the possible molecular pathogenesis. Methods: With informed consent, medical history collection, physical examinations, audiological evaluation, and high resolution computer tomography (HRCT) scan of temporal bone were performed on the two WS2 probands and their family members. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood of all individuals. The coding regions including all exons, part of introns and promoters of MITF, PAX3, SOX10, SNAI2, END3, ENDRB, and KITLG genes were sequenced by high-throughput sequencing. According to the results of high-throughput sequencing, pathogenic mutations detected in the probands and their parents were verified by Sanger sequencing. Results: The proband 1 carried c.641_643delGAA mutation in the 7th exon of MITF gene, which was a frame-shift mutation resulting in an amino acid change of p.214delR. It was a de novo mutation as the parents of proband 1 showed no variation on this site. The proband 2 carried heterozygous loss of the large fragment ranging from exon 1 to exon 9 of MITF gene, which defected the function of MITF protein. Conclusion: Genetic examinations provide important evidence for diagnosis of Waardenburg syndrome. Heterozygous mutation c.641_643delGAA and heterozygous loss of the large fragment ranging from exon 1 to exon 9 of MITF gene might be the molecular pathogenesis of the two WS2 probands in this study.
Subject(s)
Child , Humans , Asian People/genetics , China , Mutation , Pedigree , SOXE Transcription Factors/genetics , Waardenburg Syndrome/genetics摘要
Abstract Purpose To analyze the plasma lipid spectrum between healthy control and patients with pancreatic cancer and to select differentially expressed tumor markers for early diagnosis. Methods In total, 20 patents were divided into case group and healthy control group according to surgical pathology. Of almost 1206 plasma lipid molecules harvested from 20 patients were measured by HILIC using the normal phase LC/MS. Heat map presented the relative levels of metabolites and lipids in the healthy control group and patients with pancreatic cancer. The PCA model was constructed to find out the difference in lipid metabolites. The principal components were drawn in a score plot and any clustering tendency could be observed. PLS-DA were performed to distinguish the healthy control group and pancreatic cancer according to the identified lipid profiling datasets. The volcano plot was used to visualize all variables with VIP>1 and presented the important variables with P<0.01 and -FC->2. Results The upregulated lipid metabolites in patients with pancreatic cancer contained 9 lipids; however, the downregulated lipid metabolites contained 79 lipids. Conclusion There were lipid metabolomic differences in patients with pancreatic cancer, which could serve as potential tumor markers for pancreatic cancer.
Subject(s)
Humans , Pancreatic Neoplasms/diagnosis , Early Detection of Cancer , Lipidomics , Biomarkers , Biomarkers, Tumor , Metabolomics , Lipids摘要
Painful diabetic neuropathy (PDN) is a diabetes mellitus complication. Unfortunately, the mechanisms underlying PDN are still poorly understood. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-gated P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) plays a pivotal role in non-diabetic neuropathic pain, but little is known about its effects on streptozotocin (STZ)-induced peripheral neuropathy. Here, we explored whether spinal cord P2X7R was correlated with the generation of mechanical allodynia (MA) in STZ-induced type 1 diabetic neuropathy in mice. MA was assessed by measuring paw withdrawal thresholds and western blotting. Immunohistochemistry was applied to analyze the protein expression levels and localization of P2X7R. STZ-induced mice expressed increased P2X7R in the dorsal horn of the lumbar spinal cord during MA. Mice injected intrathecally with a selective antagonist of P2X7R and P2X7R knockout (KO) mice both presented attenuated progression of MA. Double-immunofluorescent labeling demonstrated that P2X7R-positive cells were mostly co-expressed with Iba1 (a microglia marker). Our results suggest that P2X7R plays an important role in the development of MA and could be used as a cellular target for treating PDN.
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Mice , Acetamides/pharmacology , Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/complications , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/complications , Diabetic Neuropathies/etiology , Hyperalgesia/etiology , Mice, Inbred C57BL , Quinolines/pharmacology , Receptors, Purinergic P2X7/physiology , Spinal Cord/physiology , Streptozocin/pharmacology摘要
Patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy experience debilitating pain that significantly affects their quality of life (Abbott et al., 2011), by causing sleeping disorders, anxiety, and depression (Dermanovic Dobrota et al., 2014). The primary clinical manifestation of painful diabetic neuropathy (PDN) is mechanical hypersensitivity, also known as mechanical allodynia (MA) (Callaghan et al., 2012). MA's underlying mechanism remains poorly understood, and so far, based on symptomatic treatment, it has no effective therapy (Moore et al., 2014).
Subject(s)
Animals , Mice , CX3C Chemokine Receptor 1/physiology , Chemokine CX3CL1/physiology , Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/complications , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/complications , Diabetic Neuropathies/etiology , Hyperalgesia/etiology , Mice, Inbred C57BL , Spinal Cord/physiology , Streptozocin/pharmacology摘要
Objective:To identify WRKY genes from the transcriptome dataset of Prunella vulgaris by bioinformatics method, and analyze the protein characteristics and expression level of these genes. Method:WRKY transcription factor were identified from the P. vulgaris transcriptome database,their motif,physical and chemical properties,functional annotations,family evolution and expression patterns were analyzed, and their functions were predicted. Result:A total of 23 WRKY transcription factors were identified from P. vulgaris in this study by computational prediction method.Structural analysis found that WRKY proteins contained a highly conserved motif WRKYGQK. Phylogenetic analysis of WRKYs together with the homologous genes from Arabidopsis thaliana could be divided into two groups(group Ⅰ-Ⅱ). There were 7 members in group Ⅰ,and 16 members in group Ⅱ, group Ⅱ was subdivided into five subgroups,namely group Ⅱb (3 members),Ⅱc(5 members),Ⅱd(3 members),Ⅱe(5 members). The physical and chemical properties of WRKY protein showed that the amino acid number was between 85 and 599,the molecular weight was between 9 527.5-66 438.45 Da,the theoretical isoelectric point was between 5.01-9.83.Among them, c13719.graph_c0,c32199.graph_c0,c24547.graph_c0,c37881.graph_c0 may play a role in the regulation of secondary metabolitessynthesis of P. vulgaris.And c32199.graph_c0,c26537.graph_c0,c23728.graph_c0 may has an effect in identifying and defensing pathogens in P. vulgaris.The transcriptional profiles of these 23 WRKY genes in various tissues were investigated using transcriptome dataset.The results showed that the expression level of WRKY genes varied significantly in different tissues. Conclusion:This study identifies the organization and transcriptional profiles of PmWRKY genes for the first time, so as to provide the helpful information for further studies of functions of WRKYs.
摘要
Painful diabetic neuropathy (PDN) is a diabetes mellitus complication. Unfortunately, the mechanisms underlying PDN are still poorly understood. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-gated P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) plays a pivotal role in non-diabetic neuropathic pain, but little is known about its effects on streptozotocin (STZ)-induced peripheral neuropathy. Here, we explored whether spinal cord P2X7R was correlated with the generation of mechanical allodynia (MA) in STZ-induced type 1 diabetic neuropathy in mice. MA was assessed by measuring paw withdrawal thresholds and western blotting. Immunohistochemistry was applied to analyze the protein expression levels and localization of P2X7R. STZ-induced mice expressed increased P2X7R in the dorsal horn of the lumbar spinal cord during MA. Mice injected intrathecally with a selective antagonist of P2X7R and P2X7R knockout (KO) mice both presented attenuated progression of MA. Double-immunofluorescent labeling demonstrated that P2X7R-positive cells were mostly co-expressed with Iba1 (a microglia marker). Our results suggest that P2X7R plays an important role in the development of MA and could be used as a cellular target for treating PDN.
摘要
A new isobenzofuranone derivative was isolated from Chaenomeles sinensis by using various chromatographic techniques,including silica gel,Sephadex LH-20,MCI-gel resin and RP-HPLC. This compound was determined as 2,2-dimethyl-5-( 2-oxopropyl)-2 H-furo[3,4-h]chromen-7( 9 H)-one( 1) by NMR,MS,IR and UV spectra,and was also evaluated for its antibacterial activity. The results showed that it showed prominent antibacterial activity with MIC90 value of( 53. 7±4. 5) mg·L-1 for methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus( MRSA) strain. This value is close to that of levofloxacin [with MIC90 value( 50. 2± 4. 2) mg·L-1].
Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents , Pharmacology , Benzofurans , Pharmacology , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Phytochemicals , Pharmacology , Rosaceae , Chemistry摘要
OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the protective effect and underlying mechanism(s) of icariin (ICA) in preventing hydrogen peroxide (HO)-induced vascular endothelial cell injury via endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS).@*METHODS@#To study the effects of ICA on HO-induced damage, we used the cell counting kit-8 assay to detect cell viability and the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling assay to determine cell adhesion and apoptosis, respectively. Spectrophotometry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were used to measure the expression levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px). Subsequently, glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), activating transcription factor-4 (ATF4) and eukaryotic initiation factor-2α (eIF2α) were detected using Western blotting.@*RESULTS@#In human umbilical vein endothelial cells, different concentrations of ICA exhibited multiple effects, including reduced HO damage, improved cell viability and adhesion, reduced cell apoptosis and increased SOD and GSH-Px activity. Among the ICA concentrations used, only the HO + 100 μmol/L ICA group had significant differences compared to the HO group. ERS activators HO and dl-dithiothreitol (DTT) significantly increased GRP78, ATF4 and eIF2α expressions, decreased cell activity and reduced SOD and GSH-Px activity. In contrast, the HO + 100 μmol/L ICA and HO + 100 μmol/L ICA + DTT groups had significant inhibitory effects on the expressions of GRP78, ATF4 and eIF2α proteins, showing enhanced cell viability and SOD and GSH-Px activity.@*CONCLUSION@#The results showed the dose-dependent effects of ICA against HO-induced injury in vascular endothelial cells. The inhibition of GRP78, ATF4 and eIF2α protein expressions in the ERS, and the subsequent alleviation of oxidative stress damage, might be the molecular mechanism.
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Bone marrow (BM) microenvironment appears to play an important role in the pathogenesis of hematological malignancies. Apart from soluble factors and direct cell-cell contact, the extracellular vesicles (EVs) were identified as a third mediator for cell communication within BM microenvironment. Recently, more and more evidences have demonstrated that EVs are also involved in the dysregulation of the BM microenvironment in patients with hematological malignancies. Therefore this review focuses on the biological characteristics of EVs, the clinical value of EVs as biomarkers, the BM microenvironment reprogramming in hematological malignancies by EVs, and the potential role of EVs in drug resistance and therapy of hematological malignancies.
Subject(s)
Humans , Bone Marrow , Cell Communication , Extracellular Vesicles , Hematologic Neoplasms摘要
OBJECTIVES@#To investigate the value of optical coherence tomography (OCT) in the diagnosis of coronary atherosclerosis and myocardial infarction in forensic identification.@*METHODS@#OCT and hematoxylin-eosin (HE) examination were performed to examine the pathological samples of coronary artery and myocardial infarction in 5 cases of sudden coronary death. The morphological and local measurement indexes were compared.@*RESULTS@#In the OCT images, the layers of coronary artery could be distinguishably featured, and the atheroma plaques had a good morphological correspondence with HE slices. The normal myocardia in the OCT image showed weak light signals with high absorbance, while the fiber scar tissues in the myocardial infarction areas showed strong light signals with low absorbance. There were no significant differences on the fibrous cap thickness in coronary atherosclerotic plaques or intima-media thickness between the OCT images and the HE slices (P>0.05). In the OCT images, the optical densities of the old myocardial infarction areas (1 226.24±622.66) and those of normal myocardia (3 707.90±962.98) were significantly different ( P<0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#The OCT image has a good morphological consistency with HE slice, thus is expected to be the primary screening method for the forensic pathology examination of coronary artery atherosclerosis and myocardial infarction, which can help to improve the diagnostic accuracy.
Subject(s)
Humans , Atherosclerosis/pathology , Carotid Intima-Media Thickness , Coronary Angiography , Coronary Artery Disease/pathology , Coronary Vessels , Forensic Pathology , Myocardial Infarction/pathology , Tomography, Optical Coherence摘要
BACKGROUND: Currently, there are two difficult problems concerning amniotic fluid embolism. One is to find out the specific indicators for diagnosis of amniotic fluid embolism and the other is to prevent and treat amniotic fluid embolism. However, there are yet no effective treatments, and symptomatic treatment for clinical manifestations is the only treatment for amniotic fluid embolism, which has poor outcomes and leads to a high mortality rate. OBJECTIVE: To explore the feasibility of human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells to prevent and treat amniotic fluid embolism. METHODS: CNKI and PubMed data bases were searched for relevant articles with the key words of “amniotic fluid embolism, human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells" in Chinese and English, respectively. And finally 43 articles were included and summarized. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: From the point of view of the pathogenesis of immune inflammatory reaction of amniotic fluid embolism, the immunology of pregnancy is related to transplantation biology. It is theoretically suggested that human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells can prevent and treat amniotic fluid embolism, regulate the immune system of the puerpera with amniotic fluid embolism, and reduce acute lung injury caused by amniotic fluid embolism. This method provides a new perspective for research on the prevention and treatment of amniotic fluid embolism.
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Objective?To investigate the feasibility, safety, operating essentials and the short-term therapeutic effect of total laparoscopic resection for colorectal cancer by Natural Orifice Specimen Extraction (NOSES).?Methods?The clinical data of 50 patients underwent total laparoscopic resection for colorectal cancer by NOSES from January 2016 to June 2017 were retrospectively analyzed.?Results?All of the 50 patients with colorectal cancer successfully received total laparoscopic resection by NOSES. None of the patients had serious postoperative complications and death related to the operation. The average operating time was (140.0 ± 29.0) minutes. The blood loss was (70.0 ± 23.4) ml. The number of lymph nodes harvested were (14.0 ± 2.3). There was no bacteria infection in abdominopelvic cavity post-operation and no recurrence occurred until the end of postoperative follow- up. Postoperative time of bed rest was (2.0 ± 0.5) days. The time of the first anal exhaust was (2.0 ± 0.5) days. The postoperative hospitalization stay was (8.5 ± 3.0) days. There was none case of lung infection while one case of anastomotic leakage. No cancer cells remained in resection margin. No local recurrence and metastasis was found in all patients after follow-up for 3 to 24 months.?Conclusion?Total laparoscopic resection for colorectal cancer by NOSES is safe and feasible, and has the advantage of minimally invasive, less pain, rapid rehabilitation, good cosmetic effect and less postoperative complications.
摘要
Objective@#To investigate the expression of the G-protein coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) in the testis of the male mouse with kidney yin or kidney yang deficiency and its influence on the reproductive function of the mouse.@*METHODS@#We randomized 30 six-week-old male Kunming mice into three groups of equal number: kidney yang deficiency, kidney yin deficiency, and normal control, and established the models of kidney yang deficiency and kidney yin deficiency by peritoneal injection of hydrocortisone at 50 mg/kg for 5 days and 25 mg/kg for 10 days, respectively. We observed the behavioral changes of the mice using the elevated plus-maze, exhaustive swimming and field experiment, examined the semen quality with the automatic sperm quality analyzer, calculated the average number of the offspring, measured the serum testosterone (T) and estradiol (E2) levels and T/E2 ratio by Roche electrochemiluminescence assay, and determined the localization and expression of GPER in the testis by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence staining.@*RESULTS@#Compared with the mice with kidney yin deficiency, those with kidney yang deficiency showed remarkably fewer entries into the open arm and central area (P 0.05); the latter group also exhibited significant decreases in the epididymal sperm count ([7.27 ± 1.30] vs [3.05 ± 1.06] ×108/g, P 0.05), and markedly reduced serum T ([24.96 ± 6.18] vs [16.72 ± 5.92] ng/dl,P <0.05), E2 ([19.81 ± 4.01] vs [15.24 ± 1.11] pg/ml,P <0.05) and T/E2 ratio (1.41 vs 1.25, P <0.05). The expression of GPER was found in the cytoplasm of the Leydig cells, negative in the nuclei and cell membrane, significantly higher in the kidney yang than in the kidney yin deficiency group (P <0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#The numbers of sperm and offspring decreased while the percentage of morphologically abnormal sperm increased in both the kidney yang and kidney yin deficiency mice, even more significantly in the former, which might be associated with the up-regulated expression of GPER in the testis of the mouse with kidney yang deficiency and consequently the reduced serum T level and T/E2 ratio.
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Mice , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Kidney Diseases , Metabolism , Random Allocation , Receptors, Estrogen , Metabolism , Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled , Metabolism , Reproduction , Physiology , Semen Analysis , Testis , Metabolism , Yang Deficiency , Metabolism , Yin Deficiency , Metabolism摘要
A new naphthaldehyde derivative has been isolated from Comastoma pulmonarium by using various chromatographic techniques, including silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, MCI-gel resin and RP-HPLC. This compounds was determined as 5-methoxy-2-methyl-7-(2-oxopropyl)naphthalene-1-carbaldehyde(1) by NMR, MS, IR and UV spectra. This compound was also evaluated for its anti-tobacco mosaic virus (anti-TMV) activity. The result showed that it showed high anti-TMV activity with inhibition rate of 32.8%. The inhibition rate is close to that of positive control (ningnanmycin).