摘要
Immunoassays are widely used in medicine, food, environment and other fields due to having the advantages of simpleness, rapidness and accuracy. Combining immunoassays with nanomaterials can improve the performance of immunoassays. Compared with traditional nanomaterials, upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) have excellent optical properties such as good photostability, long luminescence lifetime and narrow and tunable emission bands, which can significantly reduce background noise and improve analytical sensitivity when combined with immunoassay. This paper briefly introduces the luminescence mechanism of UCNPs, summarizes the synthesis and surface modification methods of UCNPs. And then 5 UCNPs-based immunoassay techniques, namely, fluorescence resonance energy transfer, inner filter effect, magnetic separation technique, upconversion-linked immunosorbent assay and upconversion immunochromatography, are discussed in detail. These sensing protocols of UCNPs-based immunoassays have been successfully utilized to detect various targets, including small molecules, macromolecules, and pathogens, all of which closely related to food safety, human health, and environmental pollution. Finally, the challenges and prospects of this technique are summarized and prospected. Although the UCNPs immunoassays based on antibodies and antigens have made great progress, most of the research is still in the stage of laboratory, and there is a long way to go to realize its social applications. There is a series of challenges need to be overcome. (1) Designing excellent water soluble and dispersive upconversion nanomaterials is needed. Hydrophilic ligands are bound to smaller upconversion nanoparticles and removing hydrophobic surface ligands are the most widely used methods to improve solubility and dispersity. (2) Multi-detection technology platforms and multi-mode simultaneous detection platforms have great potential, which will improve the efficiency of point of care detection. (3) The researchers also need to focus on some important problems. For examples, the upconversion luminescence efficiency of UCNPs is difficult to maintain, the synthesis method is complex, and the surface modification degree and functionalization are difficult to control.
摘要
Objective:To investigate the pathological characteristics, treatment timing, and prognosis of de Winter syndrome.Methods:Six patients with de Winter syndrome who received treatment in the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Tianmen from July 2017 to September 2020 were included in this study. The clinical risk factors, characteristics of coronary artery lesions, electrocardiogram evolution, echocardiography, high-sensitivity troponin, and brain natriuretic peptide were evaluated. All patients were followed up for 12 months after discharge.Results:Among the six patients included, four patients underwent coronary angiography and percutaneous coronary intervention. Coronary angiography results showed that anterior descending artery lesions occurred in all patients, consisting of occlusion of the anterior descending artery in three patients and severe stenosis of the anterior descending artery in one patient. After surgery, TIMI3 blood flow recovered in all patients. Electrocardiogram showed anterior wall ST segment elevation in five patients, and anterior wall and inferior wall ST segment elevation in one patient. One patient refused to undergo coronary angiography and was discharged after conservative management with drugs. de Winter syndrome was not identified in time in one patient. The patient died after being admitted to the hospital through routine procedures. Five recovered patients were followed up for 12 months, consisting of one patient who was re-admitted because of heart failure, and four patients in whom no adverse events occurred.Conclusion:Identification of electrocardiogram manifestations of de Winter syndrome and implementation of coronary angiography and percutaneous coronary intervention as early as possible can substantially reduce mortality rate and improve long-term prognosis.
摘要
OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the risk factors of different types of Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP) in Tibetan patients at high altitude, as to provide reference for correctly identifying high-risk patients.@*METHODS@#A retrospective study was used to analyze the 304 HSP patients admitted to Tibet Autonomous Region People's Hospital from April 2014 to March 2022. The gender, age, allergic history, family history, clinical type, laboratory indexes (hemoglobin, platelet count, eosinophil, C-reactive protein (CRP), albumin, immunoglobulin G, immunoglobulin A, complement C3 and C4) were analyzed retrospectively. Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analysis to screen for risk factors affecting different types of HSP.@*RESULTS@#Renal HSP patients showed higher IgA [(9.2±1.7) g/L vs. (6.4±2.4) g/L, P=0.015], lower complement C3 [(203.3±21.6) mg/dL vs. (301.1±19.5) mg/dL, P=0.043], and complement C4 [(33.5±2.3) mg/dL vs. (53.0±7.2) mg/dL, P=0.032]. The patients with abdominal HSP showed lower levels of hemoglobin [(119.6±19.6) g/L vs. (146.6±47.3) g/L, P=0.038] and plasma albumin [24.8 (22.1, 33.9) g/L vs. 32.6 (24.6, 35.1) g/L, P=0.045]. The patients with articular HSP exhibited higher CRP [13.5 (0.2, 20.6) g/L vs. 7.5 (0.1, 15.2) g/L, P=0.036] and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) [24 (5, 40) mm/h vs. 15 (4, 30) mm/h, P=0.049]. Elevated IgA and decreased complement C4 were risk factors for renal HSP, anemia and decreased plasma albumin were risk factors for abdominal HSP, and elevated CRP was a risk factor for articular HSP.@*CONCLUSION@#The clinical characteristics of different types of HSP in plateau areas were different. Patients with high IgA, low complement C4, anemia, hypoalbuminemia, and significantly elevated CRP should be highly vigilant. Early and effective intervention can improve the clinical efficacy, avoid severe development, and improve the prognosis.
Subject(s)
Humans , Retrospective Studies , Tibet/epidemiology , Complement C3/analysis , IgA Vasculitis/complications , Altitude , Complement C4 , C-Reactive Protein/analysis , Immunoglobulin A , Risk Factors , Anemia , Hemoglobins/analysis , Serum Albumin/analysis摘要
OBJECTIVE@#To analyze the clinical features of overweight and obese rheumatoid arthritis (RA)patients, and the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and disease characteristics.@*METHODS@#The demographic data, extra-articular manifestations, comorbidities, and disease activity of RA patients admitted to the Rheumatology and Immunology Department of Peking University Third Hospital from January 2015 to December 2020 were collected, and the above characteristics of overweight and obese RA patients were retrospectively analyzed. According to the WHO, BMI≥30 kg/m2 referred to obese individuals, 25≤BMI < 30 kg/m2 referred to overweight individuals, 18.5≤BMI < 25 kg/m2 referred to normal individuals, BMI < 18.5 kg/m2 referred to reduced body mass individuals. t test was used for the quantitative data in accordance with normal distribution. Wilcoxon rank sum test was used for the quantitative data of non-normal distribution. The qualitative data were analyzed by chi square test. But while 1≤theoretical frequency < 5, Chi square test of corrected four grid table was used. And Fisher exact probability method was used when theoretical frequency < 1. Analyzing whether overweight or obesity was associated with comorbidities using Logistic regression adjusted confounding factors.@*RESULTS@#A total of 481 RA patients were included in this study, with an average BMI value of (23.28±3.75) kg/m2.Of the patients, 31 cases (6.5%) were with BMI < 18.5 kg/m2, 309 cases (64.2%) with 18.5≤ BMI < 25 kg/m2, amounting to 340 cases (70.7%). There were 119 overweight individuals (25≤ BMI < 30 kg/m2, 24.7%) and 22 obese individuals (BMI≥30 kg/m2, 4.6%), totaling 141 (29.3%).The proportion of the overweight and obese RA patients suffering from hypertension (57.4% vs. 39.1%, P < 0.001), diabetes (25.5% vs. 15.0%, P=0.006), hyperlipidemia (22.7% vs. 10.9%, P=0.001), fatty liver (28.4% vs. 7.4%, P < 0.001), osteoarthritis (39.0% vs. 29.4%, P=0.040) was significantly higher, and the proportion of the patients with osteoporosis(59.6% vs. 70.9%, P=0.016) and anemia (36.2% vs. 55.6%, P < 0.001) was significantly lower. However, there was no difference between the two groups in coronary heart disease (5.7% vs. 7.6%, P=0.442), cerebrovascular disease (6.4% vs. 8.8%, P=0.372) and peripheral atherosclerosis (9.2% vs. 7.6%, P=0.565).The median C-reactive protein (CRP, 1.52 mg/dL vs. 2.35 mg/dL, P=0.008), median erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR, 34.0 mm/h vs. 50.0 mm/h, P=0.003), pain visual simulation score (VAS) (3.66±3.08 vs. 4.40±2.85, P=0.011), and 28 joint disease activity scores (DAS-28, 5.05±1.60 vs. 5.45±1.52, P=0.010) in the overweight and obese RA group were all lower than those in the normal and reduced weight groups. Multivariate regression analysis showed that overweight and obesity was an independent risk factor for hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia and fatty liver, and had protective effects on osteoporosis and anemia.@*CONCLUSION@#In RA patients, RA disease activity is lower in overweight and obesity patients. Overweight and obesity is associated with hypertension, diabetes and hyperlipidemia, but not with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.
Subject(s)
Humans , Body Mass Index , Overweight/epidemiology , Retrospective Studies , Arthritis, Rheumatoid/epidemiology , Obesity/epidemiology , Diabetes Mellitus , Hypertension/complications , Fatty Liver/complications , Hyperlipidemias/complications , Osteoporosis/complications , Anemia摘要
OBJECTIVE@#To investigate whether anti-phosphatidylserine/prothrombin antibodies and its IgG or IgM subtypes were correlated with unexplained recurrent miscarriages.@*METHODS@#In our a single-center retrospective study, 283 patients with at least one unexplained miscarriage who visited the Third Hospital of Peking University between January 2021 and August 2023, aged between 18-40 years, and tested for anti-phosphatidylserine/prothrombin antibodies IgG or IgM subtypes, were included. The patients with either positive IgG or IgM anti-phosphatidylserine/prothrombin antibody were regarded as positive for anti-phosphatidylserine/prothrombin antibody. SPSS 26.0 software was used for statistical analysis. Chi-square test and Logistic regression analysis were used to study the correlation of anti-phosphatidylserine/prothrombin antibodies and its IgG or IgM subtypes with unexplained recurrent miscarriages. And the diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, the positive predictive value, the negative predictive value of anti-phosphatidylserine/prothrombin antibodies and its IgG or IgM subtypes in unexplained miscarriages was calculated with four-fold table.@*RESULTS@#Chi-square analysis showed that anti-phosphatidylserine/prothrombin antibodies and its IgM subtypes were correlated with recurrent miscarriages (both P < 0.05), while the IgG subtype was not correlated with recurrent miscarriages (P>0.05). After adjusting with anticardiolipin antibodies, anti-β2 glycoprotein antibodies, lupus anticoagulants, antinuclear antibodies, and age by Logistic regression analysis, anti-phosphatidylserine/prothrombin antibodies were correlated with unexplained recurrent miscarriages (OR=2.084, 95%CI 1.045-4.155, P < 0.05), and anti-phosphatidylserine/prothrombin antibody IgM subtypes were correlated with unexplained recurrent miscarriages (OR=2.368, 95%CI 1.187-4.722, P < 0.05).The sensitivity of anti-phosphatidylserine/prothrombin antibody in recurrent miscarriage was 65.43%, the specificity was 48.51%, the positive predictive value was 33.76%, and the negative predictive value was 77.78%. In the patients with recurrent miscarriages with negative classical antiphospholipid antibodies, the sensitivity of anti-phosphatidylserine/prothrombin antibody was 59.09%, the specificity was 63.23%, the positive predictive value was 40.63%, and the negative predictive value was 78.40%. The sensitivity of the anti-phosphatidylserine/prothrombin antibody IgM subtype for the diagnosis of recurrent miscarriage was 65.43%, the specificity was 50.99%, the positive predictive value was 34.87%, and the negative predictive value was 78.63%.@*CONCLUSION@#Anti-phosphatidylserine/prothrombin antibody and IgM subtype antibody are correlated with unexplained recurrent miscarriages in patients with at least one unexplained miscarriage. Whether positive anti-phosphatidylserine/prothrombin antibody or IgM subtype could predict future unexplained recurrent miscarriages warrants a prospective study.
Subject(s)
Pregnancy , Female , Humans , Adolescent , Young Adult , Adult , Prothrombin , Retrospective Studies , Phosphatidylserines , Prospective Studies , beta 2-Glycoprotein I , Antibodies, Antiphospholipid , Antiphospholipid Syndrome/diagnosis , Antibodies, Anticardiolipin , Abortion, Habitual , Immunoglobulin G , Immunoglobulin M摘要
OBJECTIVE@#To analyze the characteristics and prognosis of acute leukemia(AL) with SET-NUP214 fusion gene.@*METHODS@#The clinical data of 17 patients over 14 years old newly diagnosed with SET-NUP214 positive AL admitted in Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital from August 2017 to May 2021 were analyzed retrospectively.@*RESULTS@#Among the 17 SET-NUP214 positive patients, 13 cases were diagnosed as T-ALL (ETP 3 cases, Pro-T-ALL 6 cases, Pre-T-ALL 3 cases, Medullary-T-ALL 1 case), AML 3 cases (2 cases M5, 1 case M0) and ALAL 1 case. Thirteen patients presented extramedullary infiltration at initial diagnosis. All 17 patients received treatment, and a total of 16 cases achieved complete remission (CR), including 12 cases in patients with T-ALL. The total median OS and RFS time were 23 (3-50) months and 21 (0-48) months, respectively. Eleven patients received allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(allo-HSCT), with median OS time of 37.5 (5-50) months and median RFS time of 29.5 (5-48) months. The median OS time of 6 patients in chemotherapy-only group was 10.5 (3-41) months, and median RFS time of 6.5 (3-39) months. The OS and RFS of patients with transplantation group were better than those of chemotherapy-only group (P=0.038). Among the 4 patients who relapsed or refractory after allo-HSCT, the SET-NUP214 fusion gene did not turn negative before transplantation. While, in the group of 7 patients who have not relapsed after allo-HSCT till now, the SET-NUP214 fusion gene expression of 5 patients turned negative before transplantation and other 2 of them were still positive.@*CONCLUSION@#The fusion site of SET-NUP214 fusion gene is relatively fixed in AL patients, often accompanied by extramedullary infiltration. The chemotherapy effect of this disease is poor, and allo-HSCT may improve its prognosis.
Subject(s)
Humans , Adolescent , Precursor T-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma , Retrospective Studies , Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/therapy , Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation , Acute Disease , Prognosis , Leukemia-Lymphoma, Adult T-Cell/therapy , Nuclear Pore Complex Proteins摘要
This study aimed to provide data support for resource utilization of the stems and leaves of Astragalus membranaceus var. mongholicus(SLAM) by analyzing and evaluating the chemical constituents. The crude protein, crude fiber, and soluble saccharide of SLAM were analyzed by Kjeldahl method, filtration method, and UV-Vis spectrophotometry, respectively. The nucleosides, amino acids, flavonoids, and saponins of SLAM were analyzed by ultraperformance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry(UPLC-TQ-MS). Combined with principal component analysis(PCA), the quality difference of resource components of SLAM was comprehensively evaluated. The results showed that the average content of crude protein, crude fiber, total polysaccharide, and redu-cing sugar in SLAM was 5.11%, 30.33%, 11.03 mg·g~(-1), and 31.90 mg·g~(-1), respectively. Six nucleosides, 15 amino acids, 22 flavonoids, and one saponin were detected, with an average content of 1.49 mg·g~(-1), 6.00 mg·g~(-1), 1.86 mg·g~(-1), and 35.67 μg·g~(-1), respectively. The content of various types of chemical components in SLAM differed greatly in different harvesting periods and growing years. The results of PCA showed that the quality of SLAM produced in Ningxia was superior. The results can provide references for the utilization of SLAM.
Subject(s)
Astragalus propinquus/chemistry , Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry , Flavonoids/analysis , Plant Leaves/chemistry , Amino Acids , Saponins/analysis摘要
Objective:To improve the differential awareness of lead porsoning.Methods:A case with stomachache, anemia, myasthenia, and abnormal urine color was described. The diagnosis and treatment were analyzed and discussed.Results:A middle-aged female was admitted with a 9-month medical history, compalnied with rash, stomachache. She also had evidence of hemolytic anemia,nervous system and kidneys imvolvement, and Lab test showed a significantly elevated blood lead level. It was considered to be in line with multiple organ system damage caused by lead poisoning.Conclusion:Lead poisoning can mimic the clinical presentations of rheumatic diseases, resulting in multiple system ivolvement. When the patient's clinical manifestation cannot be fully explained, some special situations should be considered, such as toxic testing.
摘要
The current study explored the hepatotoxicity among closed-ring genipin, open-ring tautomer of genipin and gardenia blue that generated from genipin and amino acid reaction using HepaRG cells to identify the material basis of genipin-induced hepatotoxicity in vitro. The effects of temperature, pH value and different kinds of amino acids on the chemical structure tautomerism between closed-ring and open-ring tautomer of genipin and the production of gardenia blue were investigated firstly, which aimed to explicit the conditions that could distinguish the closed-ring genipin and its open-ring tautomer, and the conditions generating gardenia blue, which were applied to prepare different kinds of gardenia blue; the CCK-8 kit was employed to analyze the hepatotoxicity of closed-ring genipin, open-ring tautomer of genipin and gardenia blue. From the results, it was found that, the structure transformation from close-ring to open-ring of genipin could be inhibited under the condition with acid environment; being essential groups to generate gardenia blue, the primary amino group and the open-ring tautomer of genipin reacting to generate the dihydropyridine ring was probably the key structure of gardenia blue; the structure characteristics existed apparent distinction at the reactive temperature of 37 ℃ and 80 ℃; compared to the culture condition with pH = 7.4, the concentration of genipin with close-ring in culture medium was significantly increased at pH = 5, but the cell viability did not decreased; the cell toxicity of gardenia blue was apparently lower than open-ring tautomer of genipin, and even some kinds of gardenia blue showed growth promoting effect on HepaRG cells. Here, it was suggested potentially that open-ring tautomer of genipin be the important material basis to induce hepatotoxicity, which could provide a cue and lay a foundation for the elucidation of the underlying mechanism of genipin-induced hepatotoxicity.
摘要
To investigate the crucial role of particle size in the biological effects of nanoparticles, a series of mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) were prepared with particle size gradients (50, 100, 150, 200 nm) with the traditional Stober method and adjusting the type and ratio of the silica source. The correlation between toxicity and size-caused biological effects were then further examined both in vitro and in vivo. The results indicated that the prepared MSNs had a uniform size, good dispersal, and ordered mesoporous structure. Hemolytic toxicity was found to be independent of particle size. At the cellular level, MSNs with smaller particle sizes were more readily internalized by cells, which initiated to more intense oxidative stress, therefor inducing higher cytotoxicity, and apoptosis rate. In vivo studies demonstrated that MSNs primarily accumulated in the liver and kidneys of mice. Pharmacokinetic analysis revealed that larger MSNs were eliminated more efficiently by the urinary system than smaller MSNs. The mice's body weight monitoring, blood tests, and pathological sections of major organs indicated good biocompatibility for MSNs of different sizes. Animal welfare and the animal experimental protocols were strictly consistent with related ethics regulations of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University. Overall, this study prepared MSNs with a particle size gradient to investigate the correlation between toxicity and particle size using macrophages and endothelial cells. The study also examined the biosafety of MSNs with different particle sizes in vivo and in vitro, which could help to improve the safety design strategy of MSNs for drug delivery systems.
摘要
Objective: To compare the efficacy of two induction regimens, namely, idarubicin combined with cytarabine (IA) versus the combination of homoharringtonine, daunorubicin, and cytarabine (HAD) , in adult patients with newly diagnosed de novo acute myeloid leukemia (AML) . Methods: From May 2014 to November 2019, 199 patients diagnosed with AML receiving either the IA or HAD regimens were assessed for overall survival (OS) , relapse-free survival (RFS) , as well as the CR rate and the MRD negative rate after induction therapy. The differences in prognosis between the two induction therapy groups was assessed according to factors, including age, white blood cell (WBC) count, NPM1 mutation, FLT3-ITD mutation, 2017 ELN risk stratification, CR(1) transplantation, and the use of high-dose cytarabine during consolidation therapy, etc. Results: Among the 199 patients, there were 104 males and 95 females, with a median age of 37 (15-61) years. Ninety patients received the IA regimen, and 109 received the HAD regimen. Comparing the efficacy of the IA and HAD regimens, the CR rates after the first induction therapy were 71.1% and 63.3%, respectively (P=0.245) , and the MRD negative rates after the first induction therapy were 53.3% and 48.6%, respectively (P=0.509) . One patient in the IA group and two in the HAD group died within 60 days after induction. The two-year OS was 61.5% and 70.6%, respectively (P=0.835) , and the two-year RFS was 51.6% and 57.8%, respectively (P=0.291) . There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups. Multivariate analysis showed that the ELN risk stratification was an independent risk factor in both induction groups; CR(1) HSCT was an independent prognostic factor for OS and RFS in the IA patients and for RFS in the HAD patients but not for OS in the HAD patients. Age, WBC level, NPM1 mutation, and FLT3-ITD mutation had no independent prognostic significance. Conclusion: The IA and HAD regimens were both effective induction regimens for AML patients.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use , Cytarabine/therapeutic use , Daunorubicin/therapeutic use , Homoharringtonine/therapeutic use , Induction Chemotherapy , Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/genetics , Nuclear Proteins , Prognosis , Remission Induction , Retrospective Studies摘要
Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and toxicity profiles of idarubicin, cytarabine, and cyclophosphamide (IAC) in relapse/refractory acute myeloid leukemia (AML) . Methods: This study was a prospective, randomized controlled clinical trial with the registration number NCT02937662. The patients were randomly divided into two groups. The experimental group was treated with an IAC regimen, and the regimen of the control group was selected by doctors according to medication experience. After salvage chemotherapy, allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) was conducted as far as possible according to the situation of the patients. We aimed to observe the efficacy, safety, and toxicity of the IAC regimen in relapse/refractory AML and to explore which is the better regimen. Results: Forty-two patients were enrolled in the clinical trial, with a median age of 36 years (IAC group, 22 cases and control groups, 20 cases) . ①The objective response rate was 71.4% in the IAC group and 40.0% in the control group (P=0.062) ; the complete remission (CR) rate was 66.7% in the IAC group and 40.0% in the control group (P=0.121) . The median follow-up time of surviving patients was 10.5 (range:1.7-32.8) months; the median overall survival (OS) was 14.1 (range: 0.6-49.1) months in the IAC group and 9.9 (range: 2.0-53.8) months in the control group (P=0.305) . The 1-year OS was 54.5% (95%CI 33.7%-75.3%) in the IAC group and 48.2% (95%CI 25.9%-70.5%) in the control group (P=0.305) , with no significant difference between these two regimens. ②The main hematologic adverse events (AEs) were anemia, thrombocytopenia, and neutropenia. The incidence of grade 3-4 hematologic AEs in the two groups was 100% (22/22) in the IAC group and 95% (19/20) in the control group. The median time of neutropenia after chemotherapy in the IAC group and control group was 20 (IQR: 8-30) and 14 (IQR: 5-50) days, respectively (P=0.023) . ③The CR rate of the early relapse (relapse within 12 months) group was 46.7% and that of the late relapse (relapse after 12 months) group was 72.7% (P=0.17) . The median OS time of early recurrence was 9.9 (range:1.7-53.8) months, and that of late recurrence patients was 19.3 (range: 0.6-40.8) months (P=0.420) , with no significant differences between the two groups. The 1-year OS rates were 45.3% (95%CI 27.2%-63.3%) and 66.7% (95%CI 40.0%-93.4%) , respectively (P=0.420) . Survival analysis showed that the 1-year OS rates of the hematopoietic stem cell transplantation group and non-hematopoietic stem cell transplantation group were 87.5% (95%CI 71.2%-100%) and 6.3% (95%CI 5.7%-18.3%) , respectively. The OS rate of the hematopoietic stem cell transplantation group was significantly higher than that of the non-hematopoietic stem cell transplantation group (P<0.001) . Conclusion: The IAC regimen is a well-tolerated and effective regimen in relapsed/refractory AML; this regimen had similar efficacy and safety with the regimen selected according to the doctor's experience for treating relapsed/refractory AML. For relapsed/refractory patients with AML, allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation should be attempted as soon as possible to achieve long-term survival.
Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use , Cyclophosphamide/therapeutic use , Cytarabine/therapeutic use , Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation , Idarubicin/therapeutic use , Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/drug therapy , Neutropenia , Prospective Studies , Recurrence , Retrospective Studies摘要
Objective:To analyze and compare rehabilitation research funded by China′s National Natural Science Foundation (NSFC) with that funded by America′s National Institutes of Health (NIH) so as to provide references for future funding.Methods:Articles reporting rehabilitation research funded by the NSFC and the NIH were retrieved from the NSFC′s Science Output Service website and the NIH′s Project Report website and analyzed.Results:From 2009 to 2018 the NSFC funded 421 rehabilitation studies which resulted in a published report while the NIH funded 312. In 2018, the NSFC budget (US$3.89 million) was 8.46 times that of 2009 (US$460, 000), while the NIH′s grant budget (US$36.08 million) was 2.17 times that of 2009 (US$16.62 million). The number of published papers resulting from the Chinese and American studies was 1111 and 2571 respectively. Their impact factors mainly ranged between 0 and 3 points. Among the journals with an impact factor of 6 or more, published papers from the United States (297) were much more numerous than those from China (18). The number of SCI papers per million US dollars increased by 2.25 times in China and 0.05 times in the US.Conclusions:Both China and the United States have been investing more in rehabilitation medicine research, and that has resulted in more published papers. There is still a gap in funding and output between the two countries.
摘要
Objective: To retrospectively analyze the data of Chinese patients with newly diagnosed acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) to preliminarily discuss the clinical and cytogenetic characteristics. Methods: From February 2004 to June 2020, patients with newly diagnosed APL aged ≥ 15 years who were admitted to the Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College were chosen. Clinical and laboratory features were retrospectively analyzed. Results: A total of 790 cases were included, with a male to female ratio of 1.22. The median age of the patients was 41 (15-76) years. Patients aged between 20 and 59 predominated, with 632 patients (80%) of 790 patients classified as low and intermediate risk and 158 patients (20%) of 790 patients classified as high risk. The white blood cell, platelet, and hemoglobin levels at diagnosis were 2.3 (0.1-176.1) ×10(9)/L, 29.5 (2.0-1220.8) ×10(9)/L, and 89 (15-169) g/L, respectively, and 4.8% of patients were complicated with psoriasis. The long-form type of PML-RARα was most commonly seen in APL, accounting for 58%. Both APTT extension (10.3%) and creatinine>14 mg/L (1%) are rarely seen in patients at diagnosis. Cytogenetics was performed in 715 patients with newly diagnosed APL. t (15;17) with additional chromosomal abnormalities were found in 155 patients, accounting for 21.7%; among which, +8 was most frequently seen. A complex karyotype was found in 64 (9.0%) patients. Next-generation sequencing was performed in 178 patients, and 113 mutated genes were discovered; 75 genes had an incidence rate>1%. FLT3 was the most frequently seen, which accounted for 44.9%, and 20.8% of the 178 patients present with FLT3-ITD. Conclusions: Patients aged 20-59 years are the most common group with newly diagnosed APL. No obvious difference was found in the ratio of males to females. In terms of risk stratification, patients divided into low and intermediate risk predominate. t (15;17) with additional chromosomal abnormalities accounted for 21% of 715 patients, in which +8 was most commonly seen. The long-form subtype was most frequently seen in PML-RARα-positive patients, and FLT3 was most commonly seen in the mutation spectrum of APL.
Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Chromosome Aberrations , Cytogenetics , Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute/genetics , Mutation , Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/genetics , Retrospective Studies摘要
OBJECTIVE@#To observe the effect of acupuncture on visual acuity, intraocular pressure, visual field, retinal and choroidal thickness on optic disc and macular area in patients with optic atrophy.@*METHODS@#A total of 33 patients with optic atrophy were treated with acupuncture. Acupuncture was given at Chengqi (ST 1), Shangjingming (Extra), Qiuhou (EX-HN 7) and Fengchi (GB 20) etc., 30 min each time, once a day, for 14 days. The visual acuity, intraocular pressure, visual field indexes (mean deviation [MD], pattern standard deviation [PSD] and visual field index [VFI]), optic disc retinal nerve fiber layer thickness, macular retinal thickness and choroidal thickness of optic disc and sub-foveal were compared before and after treatment.@*RESULTS@#Compared before treatment, the visual acuity was increased (P<0.05), the MD value was decreased (P<0.05), the thickness of nerve fiber layer on the upper temporal side of optic disc was thinner (P<0.05), and the choroidal thickness of average, nasal side and lower temporal side of optic disc was increased (P<0.05). There was significant correlation between visual field MD and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in different quadrants before and after treatment (P<0.01).@*CONCLUSION@#Acupuncture could improve visual acuity, increase choroidal thickness in part of optic disc area in patients with optic atrophy.
Subject(s)
Humans , Acupuncture Therapy , Optic Atrophy/therapy , Optic Disk/diagnostic imaging , Retina/diagnostic imaging , Tomography, Optical Coherence摘要
OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the protective effect of fucoxanthin (FX) against diabetic cardiomyopathy and explore the underlying mechanism.@*METHODS@#Rat models of diabetes mellitus (DM) induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (60 mg/kg) were randomized into DM model group, fucoxanthin treatment (DM+FX) group and metformin treatment (DM+ Met) group, and normal rats with normal feeding served as the control group. In the two treatment groups, fucoxanthin and metformin were administered after modeling by gavage at the daily dose of 200 mg/kg and 230 mg/kg, respectively for 12 weeks, and the rats in the DM model group were given saline only. HE staining was used to examine the area of cardiac myocyte hypertrophy in each group. The expression levels of fibrotic proteins TGF-β1 and FN proteins in rat hearts were detected with Western blotting. In the cell experiment, the effect of 1 μmol/L FX on H9C2 cell hypertrophy induced by exposure to high glucose (HG, 45 mmol/L) was evaluated using FITC-labeled phalloidin. The mRNA expression levels of the hypertrophic factors ANP, BNP and β-MHC in H9C2 cells were detected using qRT-PCR. The protein expressions of Nrf2, Keap1, HO-1 and SOD1 proteins in rat heart tissues and H9C2 cells were determined using Western blotting. The DCFH-DA probe was used to detect the intracellular production of reactive oxygen species (ROS).@*RESULTS@#In the diabetic rats, fucoxanthin treatment obviously alleviated cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and myocardial fibrosis, increased the protein expressions of Nrf2 and HO-1, and decreased the protein expressions of Keap1 in the heart tissue (P < 0.05). In H9C2 cells with HG exposure, fucoxanthin significantly inhibited the enlargement of cell surface area, lowered the mRNA expression levels of ANP, BNP and β-MHC (P < 0.05), promoted Nrf2 translocation from the cytoplasm to the nucleus, and up-regulated the protein expressions its downstream targets SOD1 and HO-1 (P < 0.05) to enhance cellular antioxidant capacity and reduce intracellular ROS production.@*CONCLUSION@#Fucoxanthin possesses strong inhibitory activities against diabetic cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and myocardial fibrosis and is capable of up-regulating Nrf2 signaling to promote the expression of its downstream antioxidant proteins SOD1 and HO-1 to reduce the level of ROS.
Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Antioxidants/metabolism , Atrial Natriuretic Factor/pharmacology , Cardiomegaly , Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/metabolism , Fibrosis , Kelch-Like ECH-Associated Protein 1/metabolism , Metformin , NF-E2-Related Factor 2/metabolism , Oxidative Stress , RNA, Messenger/metabolism , Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism , Superoxide Dismutase-1/pharmacology , XanthophyllsSubject(s)
Aspergillus oryzae , Mycotoxins , Ochratoxins , Biodegradation, Environmental , Food Contamination摘要
We aimed to explore the associations between the age at which children undergo surgery for hypospadias and a range of social and clinical factors in a single center. Our aim was to promote the early surgical treatment of children with hypospadias. For a 6-year period, social and clinical data were collected from all children undergoing surgery to repair hypospadias in Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University (Chongqing, China), located in southwest of China. We analyzed the correlations between age at surgery and a range of social and clinical factors. A total of 1611 eligible cases were recruited, with a mean age of 54.3 months and a median age of 42 months: 234 cases (14.5%) were classified into a "timely operation" group, 419 (26.0%) cases into a "subtimely operation" group, and 958 (59.5%) cases into a "delayed operation" group. According to multivariate regression analyses, the higher the regional economic level, the closer the urethral opening to the perineum, and the higher the educational level of the guardians was, the younger the children were when they underwent the initial surgery for hypospadias; this was also the case for families without other children. Our subgroup analysis showed that the primary educational level of the guardians was a risk factor for subtimely surgery in their children (odds ratio [OR] = 1.52, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.08-2.15, P < 0.05). A lower regional economic level (OR = 1.87, 95% CI: 1.26-2.78, P < 0.01), a lower educational level of the guardians (OR = 3.84, 95% CI: 2.31-6.41, P < 0.01), and an anterior-segment urethral opening (OR
摘要
OBJECTIVE@#To explore the expression level of ETV6-ABL fusion gene in different cell populations in patients with myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN) and therapeutic effect of tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI).@*METHODS@#A 42-year-old man who presented with fever, marked leukocytosis and chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) like MPN was reported. ETV6-ABL fusion gene was detected by real-time PCR and confirmed by direct sequencing. ETV6-ABL mRNA expression in each cell population sorted from peripheral blood by flow cytometry was detected by real-time PCR.@*RESULTS@#ETV6-ABL fusion gene was found out in bone marrow cells and confirmed as type A by direct sequencing. ETV6-ABL fusion gene transcript level in polymorphonuclear cells was nearly 3.6-fold relative to that in total cells, which was significantly higher than that in T cell, B cell and monocyte subsets. The complete blood count (CBC) returned to normal level after treatment with imatinib (400 mg) daily for three months. After TKI treatment for 6 months, the ratio of ETV6-ABL/ABL decreased from 174.1% to 1.9%.@*CONCLUSION@#ETV6-ABL fusion gene positive MPN may have a CML clinical presentation and is sensitive to TKI. ETV6-ABL fusion gene is specifically expressed in polymorphonuclear cells.
Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Male , Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/genetics , Genes, abl , Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation , Imatinib Mesylate , Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/genetics , Myeloproliferative Disorders/genetics摘要
BACKGROUND@#Normal tension glaucoma (NTG) is a less pressure-dependent type of glaucoma with characteristic optic neuropathy. Recently, the biomechanical mechanism has been thought to account for glaucomatous optic neuropathy to some degree. We intended to compare dynamic corneal response parameters (DCRs) among patients with primary open-angle glaucoma with normal tension or hypertension and controls. The correlations between DCRs and known risk factors for glaucoma were also analyzed.@*METHODS@#In this cross-sectional study, 49 NTG subjects, 45 hypertension glaucoma (HTG) subjects, and 50 control subjects were enrolled. We compared the differences in DCRs using corneal visualization Scheimpflug technology among the NTG, HTG, and control groups. We also analyzed the correlations between DCRs and known risk factors for glaucoma (eg, central corneal thickness [CCT], intraocular pressure [IOP], etc).@*RESULTS@#The maximum inverse concave radius (NTG: 0.18 [0.17, 0.20] mm-1; control: 0.17 [0.16, 0.18] mm-1; P = 0.033), deformation amplitude ratio of 2 mm (DAR 2 mm, NTG: 4.87 [4.33, 5.39]; control: 4.37 [4.07, 4.88]; P 0.05). In the univariate and multivariate analyses, some of the DCRs, such as IR, were negatively correlated with CCT and IOP, whereas SP-A1 was positively correlated with CCT and IOP.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The cornea was more deformable in NTG than in HTG or controls. There were no significant differences in corneal deformability between HTG and controls. The cornea was more deformable with the thinner cornea and lower IOP.