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Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of a domestic arterial thrombus aspiration catheter in treating acute arterial ischemic events in the experimental dogs,and to compare this catheter with Penumbra suction catheter.Methods Acute ischemic embolism model was established in the external carotid and renal arteries of experimental dogs,and the experimental dogs were randomly assigned to the study group and control group.The embolized blood vessels were treated with thrombectomy.Results A total of 12 experimental dogs were enrolled in this study,with 6 dogs in each group.All of the 12 experimental dogs were successfully modeled.In the study group and the control group,the cumulative success rates of thrombectomy were 92.9%and 66.7%respectively(P>0.05),the incidences of intraoperative vascular dissection were 0%and 8.3%respectively(P>0.05),and the incidences of vasospasm were 35.7%and 0.75%respectively(P>0.05).Conclusion In treating thrombus-embolized blood vessels with mechanical thrombectomy in experimental dogs,no statistically significant differences in the efficacy and safety exist between using domestic arterial thrombus aspiration catheter and using Penumbra suction catheter.(J Intervent Radiol,2023,32:1207-1210)
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Objective:To investigate the high-risk factors affecting the prognosis of patients with pT 1-2N 1M 0 after mastectomy, establish a nomogram prediction model, perform risk stratification, and screen the radiotherapy benefit populations. Methods:Clinical data of 936 patients with pT 1-2N 1M 0 breast cancer undergoing mastectomy in the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University from January 2010 to December 2016 were retrospectively analyzed and 908 cases had complete follow-up data. They were divided into the radiotherapy (RT) group ( n=583) and non radiotherapy (NRT) group ( n=325) according to the radiotherapy. After propensity score matching (PSM) was performed 1 vs. 1, 298 cases were assigned into the RT group and 298 in the NRT group. Overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were compared between two groups using log-rank test. Nomogram prediction model was established, the survival differences were compared among different risk groups, and the radiotherapy benefit populations were screened. Results:Univariate analysis showed that the 5- and 8-year OS and DFS in the RT group were significantly better than those in the NRT group (both P<0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that age, tumor quadrant, number of lymph node metastases, T staging, and Ki-67 level were the independent prognostic factors for OS. Age, tumor quadrant, and T staging were the independent prognostic factors for DFS. The OS nomogram analysis showed that the OS of patients in the high-risk group was significantly improved by post-mastectomy radiotherapy (PMRT) ( P=0.001), while PMRT did not show an advantage in the low- and medium-risk groups ( P=0.057, P=0.099). The DFS nomogram analysis showed that DFS was significantly improved by PMRT in patients in the medium- and high-risk groups ( P=0.036, P=0.001), whereas the benefits from PMRT were not significant in the low-risk group ( P=0.475). Conclusions:For patients with pT 1-2N 1M 0 breast cancer after mastectomy, age ≤ 40 years, tumor located in the inner quadrant or central area, T 2 staging, 2-3 lymph node metastases, Ki-67>30% are the high-risk factors affecting clinical prognosis. The nomogram prediction model can screen the populations that can benefit from PMRT, providing reference for clinical decision-making.
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Objective:To evaluate the value of enhanced CT radiomics feature model for predicting 5-year overall survival (OS) of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients after radiotherapy.Methods:Clinical data of 218 patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma treated with radical chemoradiotherapy in the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University from July 2016 to December 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were randomly divided into the training group ( n=153) or a validation group ( n=65) at a 7 vs. 3 ratio. Enhanced CT radiomics features were extracted. The data in the training group was used to construct the prediction model, and the data in the validation group were utilized to validate the efficiency of this model for predicting the 5-year OS of patients. The predictive performance of this model was assessed by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, consistency index (C-index), and decision curve analysis (DCA). Results:The 1-, 3-, 5-year OS rates were 67.0%, 33.4%, 24.9%. Five radiomic features were selected from extracted features in the training group to construct the radiomic signature (RS) for predicting 5-year OS. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) was 0.760 in the training group and 0.707 in the validation group, and the C-index was 0.680 and 0.684, respectively. The radiomics nomogram, which incorporated the RS with clinical risk factors, were established to predict the 5-year OS of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients after radiotherapy. The AUC was 0.782 in the training group and 0.751 in the validation group, and the C-index was 0.708 and 0.688, respectively. According to the optimal cutoff of the model, all patients were divided into the high risk and low risk groups. The 1-, 3-, 5-year OS rates were 86.5%, 65.4%, 28.9% in the low risk group, and 58.4%, 17.8%, 5.9% in the high risk group, and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.001). Similar conclusions were obtained in the validation group (all P<0.001). Conclusion:Enhanced CT radiomics features can be utilized to construct the prediction model for 5-year OS of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients after radiotherapy, which can be applied in clinical practice.
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Objective:To analyze the prognosis and influencing factors of different radiotherapy modes in patients with brain metastases from non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and to explore the best benefit population with radiotherapy boost under different prognostic scores.Methods:634 patients with brain metastasis from NSCLC admitted to the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University from 2013 to 2015 were analyzed retrospectively. According to different radiotherapy modes, they were divided into three groups: no radiotherapy group ( n=330), whole-brain radiotherapy group (WBRT)( n=127) and whole-brain radiotherapy combined with boost group (WBRT+ boost)( n=177). The intracranial progression-free survival (iPFS) and overall survival (OS) were calculated by Kaplan-Meier method. The multivariate prognostic factors were analyzed by the Cox models. Results:The median iPFS and OS of all patients were 6.9 months and 9.0 months, respectively. In the no radiotherapy, WBRT and WBRT+ boost groups, the 1-year iPFS was 15.1%, 16.3% and 40.2%( P=0.002), and the 1-year OS was 33.7%, 38.2% and 48.1%( P<0.001), respectively. Multivariate survival analysis demonstrated that different radiotherapy modes were the independent factors affecting iPFS and OS. Subgroup analysis revealed that for patients with 1-3 brain metastases, the 1-year OS and iPFS in the WBRT+ boost group were better than those of WBRT alone ( P=0.026, P=0.044) when GPA score was 2.5-4.0; the 1-year OS and iPFSin the WBRT+ boost group were better than those of WBRT alone ( P=0.036, P=0.049) when there was no targeted therapy; for patients with ≥4 brain metastases, the 1-year iPFS in the WBRT+ boost group was better than that of WBRT alone ( P=0.019, P=0.012) when GPA score was 2.5-4.0 and there was no targeted therapy. When the GPA score was 0-2 or there was targeted therapy, the 1-year OS and iPFS in the WBRT+ boost group were better than those of WBRT alone, but the difference was not statistically significant (all P>0.05). Conclusions:Radiotherapy can significantly improve the iPFS and OS of NSCLC patients with brain metastases. When the number of brain metastases is 1-3, GPA score is 2.5-4.0 or no targeted therapy, boost may improve the iPFS and OS; when the number of brain metastases is more than 4, GPA score is 2.5-4.0 or no targeted therapy, boost may only bring iPFS benefit; when GPA score is 0-2 or targeted therapy, boost may not benefit significantly.
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On the basis of retaining the technical identification system of medical negligence, the Medical Association Identification Rules of Medical Damage mainly provides technical services for various types of conciliation work about doctor-patient dispute. Its identification work is still influenced by the thinking of medical negligence technical identification and has certain administrative color. Guidance for Judicial Expertise of Medical Malpractice is mainly reflected that the trial of civil cases and pre-trial mediation of courts need service. Its procedures and evidence review are strictly required by the litigation rules and has the characteristics of public legal services provided as a third-party neutral institution. Technical identification of medical damage, whether organized by the Medical Association or the forensic identification institutions, is carried out under the background of the current Regulations on the Prevention and Treatment of Medical Disputes and the Civil Code of the People's Republic of China; both have a corresponding positive role in regulating the medical damage identification activities, and have also laid a certain foundation for the establishment of a unified identification system in the future in China. To understand the different characteristics of the medical damage identification rules issued by the Chinese Medical Association and the Ministry of Justice, and to improve the understanding of the standardization of the forensic identification of medical damage, a comparative study was conducted on Medical Association Identification Rules of Medical Damage and Guidance for Judicial Expertise of Medical Malpractice from seven aspects: Concept and legal status, entrust of identification, identification acceptance, identification procedures, identification presentation meeting, theory of medical malpractice evaluation, consequences and causality of medical damage. The subject of evaluation, the function of evidence review, the role of consulting experts, the technical standard system of malpractice evaluation and other contents were emphatically analyzed.
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Humans , China , Forensic Medicine , Malpractice摘要
Objective:To evaluate the effect of prophylactic irradiation of internal mammary lymph nodes in patients with breast cancer in this Meta-analysis.Methods:CNKI, Wanfang Medical network, CBM, PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science were searched by computer. The controlled clinical studies comparing whether or not internal mammary lymph node irradiation as an intervention were included and the quality of the included literature was evaluated according to Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). RevMan 5.3 software and Stata 14 software were used for Meta-analysis.Results:A total of 11 original articles were included, and 13 181 patients were included for Meta-analysis. There was no statistically significant difference in the overall survival (OS) between patients with and without internal mammary lymph node irradiation ( P=0.490). The subgroup analysis using the date of treatment and the degree of risk in the enrolled population as criteria showed that 5-year OS was significantly increased after internal mammary area irradiation in high-risk stage Ⅱ-Ⅲ patients (N+ , T 3-T 4 stage) with the date of treatment of after 2000( P=0.003, 0.006). Compared with patients without internal mammary area irradiation, internal mammary irradiation significantly increased the 5-year disease-free survival (DFS)( P<0.001). Conclusion:Under the modern radiotherapy technology, internal mammary lymph node irradiation improves the DFS of patients, and may bring OS benefits to high-risk stage Ⅱ-Ⅲ breast cancer patients (N+ , T 3-T 4 stage).
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Objective:To study the prognostic factors in patients with occult ruptured hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after hepatectomy.Methods:The clinical data of 31 patients with occult ruptured HCC who underwent hepatectomy at the Heze Multiple Hospital from January 2001 to December 2014 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 27 males and 4 females, with ages ranging from 29 to 73 years. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was carried out for survival analysis, and compared by the log-rank test. Multivariate analysis was conducted using the Cox proportional hazards regression model.Results:Of 31 patients in this study, 27(87.1%) had died, and 25(80.6%) had developed tumor recurrence and metastasis. The median overall survival was 8 months and the median tumor-free survival was 4 months. On Cox regression analysis, non-R 0 resection was an independent risk factor of overall survival ( RR=2.816, 95% CI: 1.006-7.887) and disease-free survival ( RR=3.295, 95% CI: 1.215-8.940). Poor tumor differentiation was an independent risk factor of overall survival ( RR=3.120, 95% CI: 1.193-8.160). Conclusions:The prognosis of patients with occult rupture HCC who underwent no R 0 resection was poor. However, the prognosis of patients who underwent non-R 0 resection was even poorer.
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From January 15 to March 3, 2020, seven editions of the guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19 have been issued successively by the National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, and the guidelines' name was changed from Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment of Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia to Diagnosis and Treatment for COVID-19. It optimized and perfected the etiology, clinical manifestations and types, diagnostic procedures and specific treatment measures of the disease, so that the clinical management of the cases was more scientific. In the revision process of guidelines for diagnosis and treatment, forensic medicine experts have also made some positive suggestions on clinical diagnosis and treatment. Especially regarding the pathological changes of COVID-19, they have repeatedly called for rapid autopsy at different levels. With the support, understanding and cooperation of all parties, pathological examination of more than ten cases of the remains were carried out, which made an important contribution to the understanding of the clinical characteristics and pathological characteristics of the disease and the improvement of treatment plans.
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Humans , COVID-19 , China , Clinical Protocols , Forensic Medicine , SARS-CoV-2摘要
<p><b>Objective</b>Since the advent of induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology a decade ago, enormous progress has been made in stem cell biology and regenerative medicine. Human iPSCs have been widely used for disease modeling, drug discovery, and cell therapy development. In this review, we discuss the progress in applications of iPSC technology that are particularly relevant to drug discovery and regenerative medicine, and consider the remaining challenges and the emerging opportunities in the field.</p><p><b>Data Sources</b>Articles in this review were searched from PubMed database from January 2014 to December 2017.</p><p><b>Study Selection</b>Original articles about iPSCs and cardiovascular diseases were included and analyzed.</p><p><b>Results</b>iPSC holds great promises for human disease modeling, drug discovery, and stem cell-based therapy, and this potential is only beginning to be realized. However, several important issues remain to be addressed.</p><p><b>Conclusions</b>The recent availability of human cardiomyocytes derived from iPSCs opens new opportunities to build in vitro models of cardiac disease, screening for new drugs and patient-specific cardiac therapy.</p>
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Humans , Cardiovascular Diseases , Therapeutics , Embryonic Stem Cells , Physiology , Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells , Physiology , Regenerative Medicine , Methods摘要
The relative long-term efficacy and safety of sirolimus-eluting stents [SES] compared with paclitaxel-eluting stents [PES] in multiple comparative studies remains controversial. This report evaluates 29 randomized trials with 18,379 patients in whom long-term [more than 1 year] outcomes were evaluated. The primary outcomes were target lesion revascularization [TLR] and the secondary end points were death, cardiac death, myocardial infarction [MI], major adverse cardiac events [MACEs], target vessel revascularization [TVR] and stent thrombosis [ST]. In comparison with PES, SES significantly reduced the long-term risk of TLR [RR=0.68; 95% CI=0.57 to 0.80, p<0.001], TVR [RR=0.69; 95% CI= 0.60 to 0.79, p<0.001] and MACE [RR=0.82; 95% CI= 0.77 to 0.88, p<0.001], while there were no significant difference with respect to death, cardiac death, MI and ST between the two groups. SES performance was significantly better for reducing the former three outcomes and comparable for the majority of the secondary end points when compared against PES
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>This study aimed to investigate the genetic background of mitochondrial genes in young patients with Coronary heart disease (CHD) to provide a foundation for the early prevention of young patients with CHD.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>115 cases of young (⋜ 45 years) CHD Chinese Han patients (case group), 100 cases of older (> 45 years) Chinese Han CHD patients (experimental group) hospitalized and 100 cases of healthy people through physical examination (control group) at the General Hospital of PLA between January 2014 and December 2015 were selected. General information, clinical assessment, pedigree analysis, and mitochondrial full sequence scanning were performed. The pedigrees of one patient harbouring the C5263T mutation were recruited. Mitochondrial functional analysis including cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) were performed on pedigrees with the C5263T mutation (mutation group) and without the mutation (non-mutation group).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The differences in biochemical tests (P > 0.05) between the case group and experimental group were not significant. The C5263T single-nucleotide mutation of the mitochondrial ND2 gene was observed in 2 young CHD patients in the case group. The premature CHD of these 2 patients followed a pattern of maternal inheritance. The mutation group (I1, II2) had higher ROS levels (4750.82 ± 1045.55 vs. 3888.58 ± 487.60, P = 0.022) and lower MMP levels (P = 0.045) than the non-mutation group (II1, III1, III2).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>We speculated that the mitochondrial C5263T mutation might be associated with the occurrence CHD in Chinese Han young people.</p>
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Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Base Sequence , China , Epidemiology , Coronary Disease , Epidemiology , Genetics , Genes, Mitochondrial , Mitochondrial Proteins , Genetics , Metabolism , Mutation , NADH Dehydrogenase , Genetics , Metabolism摘要
Objective@#To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of penciclovir combined with foscarnet sodium in the treatment of herpes zoster.@*Methods@#The clinical datas of 135 herpes zoster patients from the ward of Department of Dermatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital were collected. Among them 64 patients received penciclovir and foscarnet sodium, and the remaining 71 patients only received penciclovir alone.Their general information, the time for vesicle stopped emerging, rash began to scab, pain to relief obviously, the adverse reaction and if they got the postherpetic neuralgia were recorded and included into statistical analysis.@*Results@#The general information showed no significant differences between the 2 groups(all P>0.05). The time for vesicle stopped emerging, rash began to scab, pain to relief obviously in combination group was shorter than the penciclovir group (all P<0.001). The number of patients who developed postherpetic neuralgia of combination group was fewer than that of penciclovir group(P=0.013). There was no statistical significance between the 2 groups the adverse reaction(P=0.928).@*Conclusions@#The penciclovir and foscarnet sodium combination therapy showed rapid therapeutic effects on herpes zoster patients, the incidence of postherpetic neuralgia was low, and there was no more side effects than penciclovir alone therapy. The combined therapy may be a reliable way to treat herpes zoster.
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Objective To explore a method for establishment of tethered cord syndrome model with neural axial stretch in pig. Methods Eighteen adult pigs were randomized into three groups. Sham group: L1-5 spinal cords were exposed; control group: Li-r, bilateral pedicle screws were placed after exposure of L1-5 spinal cords; and experiment group: L1-5 spinal cords were exposed, then bilateral pedicle screws were placed, and finally L1-5 intervertebral spaces were extended axially, with six in each group. At different time points, the pigs in the three groups were subjected to X ray. hindlimb behaviors, urodynamics, somatosensory evoked potential, laser speckle imaging for blood flow and histopathology examination, and the examination results were compared and analyzed. Results In the sham group and control group, there was no obvious change in L1-5 intervertebral space height, hindlimb motor nerve function scores, urodynamics, somatosensory evoked potentials or laser speckle imaging for blood flow before and after operation; and the spinal cord and nerve structure were normal or nearly normal in the histopathology. In the experiment group, compared with before distraction, Liintervertebral height after distraction was significantly increased, hindlimb motor nerve function score was significantly decreased, latency of P-wave of sematosensory evoked potential was significantly extended and the amplitude was significantly decreased, and blood flow 011 the surface of spinal cord was significantly reduced (P
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Objective To study the impact of regional lymph node metastasis on the prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after hepatectomy.Methods Three hundred and twenty-two HCC patients who underwent elective hepatectomy in the Heze Municiple Hospital were retrospectively studied from January 1999 to December 2013.The clinical data and follow-up results were analyzed.The diagnosis of lymph node metastasis was based on preoperative imaging data and intraperative findings.Results There were 16 patients (5.0%) with lymph node metastasis (the metastasis group) and 306 patients (95.0%) without lymph node metastasis (the no-metastasis group).On Kaplan-Merier analysis,the overall survival (OS) rates at 1,2,5 years were 43.8%,31.3%,7.5% in the metastasis group and 83.7%,70.9%,46.1% in the no-metastasis group,respectively (Log-rank test:P < 0.05).The corresponding disease-free survival (DFS) rates were 30.0%,22.5%,6.3% in the metastasis group and 69.8%,52.8%,34.5% in the no-metastasis group,respectively,(P <0.05).On follow-up,the mid-and shortterm HCC recurrence rates (≤6 months) were 71.4% in the metastasis group (10 patients) and 31.6% in the no-metastasis group (142 patients,x2 =9.754,P < 0.05),respectively.Absence of cirrhosis,hepatectomy extent of > 1 Section,max-diameter of tumor > 5 cm,poor differentiation and absence of tumor encapsulation were significant factors of DFS in the metastasis group (P < 0.05).On COX regression analysis,absence of tumor encapsulation was the only independent risk factor of DFS.Conclusions Regional lymph node metastasis was one of the significant factors for OS and DFS in HCC patients who underwent hepatectomy.Resection of metastatic lymph nodes and post-operation adjuvant treatment should be helpful to improve patients' prognosis.
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Objective· To establish an integrative method for the gene-panel sequencing data to automatically complete quality control, detection of gene mutation and visualization. Methods · Integrate several methods, e.g. FastQC, preprocessing and information of sequences (Prinseq) to develop an R package that can be used to visualize and control the quality of the raw sequencing reads and final mutations result. The sequencing reads mapped against to the reference genome using Burrows-Wheeler Alignment Tool (BWA)/Torrent Mapping Alignment Program (TMAP). Lofreq, Varscan2, the Genome Analysis Toolkit (GATK) and Torrent Variant Caller (TVC) were used to detect gene mutation and get the variant call format (VCF) format file. Annotate the gene mutation sites using Annovar. Results · Thirty-six cases of acute myeloid leukemia sequencing from Ion Torrent Personal Genome Machine (PGM) platform were passed by this analysis tool.Ten mutation sites of 2 demo data were found in DNMT3A,TET2,JAK2,PHF6,ASXL1,NPM1 and CEBPA which were validated by sanger sequencing. Conclusion · The analysis method that integrated and developed several tools for gene-panel sequencing data analysis can accomplish the gene-panel sequencing data analysis effectively. Besides, it can reduce the false positive ratio and improve the sensitivity of gene mutation detection that provides support for the analysis of gene-panel sequencing data.
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Objective To compare the efficacy between three-dimensional radiotherapy (3DRT) combined with chemotherapy and radiotherapy alone for patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.Methods A retrospective analysis was performed for 1257 patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma who were admitted to our hospital from July 2003 to June 2012 and met the inclusion criteria;362 patients were treated with 3DRT combined with chemotherapy (chemoradiotherapy group) and 895 patients were treated with radiotherapy alone (radiotherapy group).The short-term outcome, overall survival (OS) rate, and causes of death were analyzed.The Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate survival rates, and the log-rank test was used for survival difference analysis and univariate prognostic analysis.Results The response rate was 99.1%(346/349) in the chemoradiotherapy group and 99.0%(813/821) in the radiotherapy group (P=0.397).The 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS rates were 74.0%,42.0%,and 32.9% in the chemoradiotherapy group and 65.9%,33.0%,and 23.3% in the radiotherapy group (P=0.000), and were 75.6%,43.5%,and 33.2% in the concurrent chemoradiotherapy group and 65.9%,33.0%,and 23.3% in the radiotherapy group (P=0.000).There were no significant differences in 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS rates between the concurrent chemoradiotherapy group and the sequential chemoradiotherapy group (P=0.583).The sequential chemoradiotherapy group had an insignificant increase in 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS rates compared with the radiotherapy group (P=0.065).Tumor recurrence and local control failure were the main causes of death, followed by distant metastasis.The chemoradiotherapy group had a significantly lower proportion of patients who died of local control failure than the radiotherapy group (7.4% vs.14.7%, P=0.003).Conclusions For patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, chemoradiotherapy leads to significantly improved overall survival compared with radiotherapy alone;compared with radiotherapy alone, sequential chemoradiotherapy results in an increasing trend in OS rates, while concurrent chemoradiotherapy results in significantly increased OS rates.Chemoradiotherapy can reduce the deaths due to local control failure compared with radiotherapy alone.
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Objective To investigate the efficacy of widely used antibiotics for urogenital Chlamydia trachomatis infection in recent 5 years.Methods A total of 2 809 cases of Chlamydia trachomatis urogenital infected patients who visited STD clinics of Tianjin Medical University General Hospital from 2006 to 2010 were collected.All the patients had accomplished a course of treatment of azithromycin, minocycline, moxifloxacin or clarithromycin and followed up for 3 months (once every month).Cochran-Armitage trend test was used to analyzed the antibiotics effect changing trends overtime.Results From 2006 to 2010, the etiology clearance rates of azithromycin were 76.70% (79/103), 74.19% (92/124), 74.13% (106/143), 71.43% (100/140) and 70.77% (92/130), respectively;those of minocycline were 75.31% (61/81), 64.67% (97/150), 66.53% (159/239), 65.05% (188/289) and 63.03% (104/165), respectively;those of moxifloxacin were 88.82% (167/188), 86.23% (119/138), 82.96% (185/223), 81.19% (233/287) and 81.03% (158/37), respectively;those of clarithromycin were 82.93% (34/41), 80.49% (33/41), 79.25% (42/53), 78.18% (43/55) and 75.00% (18/24), respectively.Ochran-Armitage trend test showed that antimicrobial efficacy of moxifloxacin for urogenital Chlamydia trachomatis infection rates declined year by year (P0.05).Conclusions The etiology clearance rate of moxifloxacin is the highest but gradually declines by years, and that of azithromycin takes the second place, while the treatment efficacy of minocycline is lower but quite stable.The number of cases treated with clarithromycin is too small to draw a conclusion.
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Objective To retrospectively investigate the impact of postoperative radiotherapy ( RT) on the relationship between molecular subtype and survival in patients with breast cancer ( BC ) . Methods A total of 716 women who were admitted to our hospital in 2008 and newly received unilateral mastectomy were divided into Luminal A ( LA ) , Luminal B?HER?2?negative ( LB1 ) , Luminal B?HER?2?positive ( LB2) , HER?2 overexpression ( HER?2+) , triple?negative ( TN) , and unassigned subtypes according to the 2011 St. Gallen Consensus. The Cox model was used to analyze the differences in overall survival ( OS) and disease?free survival ( DFS ) rates between subtypes in all patients, RT group, or non?RT group. The Kaplan?Meier method was used to calculate OS and DFS rates. The Cox model was used to perform the factor analysis. Results In all patients, the median follow?up time was 71?4 months;the overall mortality rate was 10?5%;the incidence of treatment failure ( death+relapse+metastasis) was 14?9%;217 patients ( 30?3%) received RT. The multivariate analysis showed that there was no significant difference in OS between subtypes in any group ( all P>0?05 ) . In all patients, patients with LB1 subtype or unassigned subtype had significantly poorer DFS rates than those with LA subtype ( HR= 1?881, P= 0?035;HR= 1?907, P=0?049) . In the non?RT group, patients with LB1 subtype had significantly poorer DFS rates than those with LA subtype (HR=3?324, P=0?01). In the RT group, there was no significant difference in DFS rate between subtypes ( all P>0?05) . The two?dimensional cross analyses of RT and subtype demonstrated that patients with LB1 subtype in the non?RT group had lower OS and DFS rates than patients with LA subtype in the RT group ( P=0?09,0?06) . Conclusions Patients with LB1 subtype have lower OS and DFS rates than patients with LA subtype, especially in the non?RT patients. RT has no impact on the relationship between subtype and prognosis.
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BACKGROUND:Neuromuscular junction structure has defects in patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy, mainly presenting acetylcholine receptor structure fragmentation and the reduction of spine-like processes on thepostsynaptic membrane. It is generaly recognized that the structural defects are induced by structural damage of muscle cels and muscle fiber necrosis. OBJECTIVE:To explore the reasons of damage on neuromuscular junction in mouse models of Duchenne muscular dystrophy. METHODS: We introduced Duchenne muscular dystrophy models of male mdx mice and male Dko mice. After gene identification, they were used for tests. Male C57BL/6 mice were selected as normla controls. Hematoxylin-eosin staining was utilized to detect pathological changes in muscles. Neuromuscular junction structure was revealed using immunofluorescence staining. The differences in dystrophin expression, pathological features and neuromuscular junction structure were compared in mouse models of two kinds of Duchenne muscular dystrophy. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The introduced mouse models were accorded with the requirement of our experiment in aspects of genotype and protein expression levels. The number of acetylcholine receptor was apparently reduced in the neuromuscular junction of two kinds of mouse models. Although dko mouse muscles presented more obvious inflammatory infiltration and muscle fiber damage compared with mdx mice, but there was no significant difference in the damage to neuromuscular junction between them, and acetylcholine receptor fragmentation was identical. The evidence suggested that structural damage of neuromuscular junction and inflammatory pathological response are independent events. There is no direct relationship between them. Dystrophin gene deficiency is the main cause of the fragmentation of the acetylcholine receptor.
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Objective To discuss the clinical symptoms of severe traumatic cerebral injury patients with paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity (PSH). These patients were given positive and effective prevention and treatment to reduce complications in order to improve prognosis. Methods Twenty patients with PSH were selected from October 2010 to October 2014 and were analyzed by gender, age, diagnosis, clinical symptoms, laboratory and equipment inspection to summary the treatment experiences of such patients. Results Of the 20 patients,14 were males and 6 were females,with age of 22-65 (35.4±9.5) years. Sixteen patients underwent unilateral or bilateral intracranial hematoma and decompressive craniectomy,and 4 patients were given conservative treatment. PSH occurred in these patients within 1 week after cerebral injury or surgery. However, the elderly might occur in the course of a few weeks or even months later. Each patient' s seizure frequency and duration had no significant regular pattern. The frequency varied from one time in several days to several times one day. Seizure duration was generally less than half an hour. All of the patients underwent CT and MRI examinations and showed different parts of the brain injury. But the damage of the brain stem, corpus callosum, basal ganglia and lateral ventricles beside sympathetic overactivity could lead to the occurrence of PSH. Most of the patients had a good effect after active drug treatment and symptomatic therapy. Conclusions PSH often occurs in severe traumatic cerebral injury patients. The doctor should pay attention to PSH. Early active and effective prevention and treatment can improve the prognosis of patients with PSH.