摘要
Rectal cancer is a common malignant tumor in China, with a high mortality rate ranking fifth. Neoadjuvant therapy for rectal cancer can improve patient prognosis and even achieve pathological complete remission (pCR) in some patients, thereby avoiding complications and functional damage caused by radical surgery. Therefore, how to accurately evaluate pCR before surgery is currently a research hotspot. In recent years, new imaging technologies such as endorectal ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and positron emission computed tomography (PET-CT) have developed rapidly, and imaging evaluation of pCR after neoadjuvant therapy for rectal cancer has achieved good results. This article provides a review of this field, aiming to provide a basis for personalized treatment of rectal cancer patients.
摘要
Objective To investigate the status of body weight,total body fat and skeletal muscle in elderly patients with diabetes.Methods A total of 71 elderly diabetic patients (study group) who met entry criteria and signed informed consent were consecutively enrolled,and 70 healthy subjects (control group) matched for age and gender were selected into the study.Body weight,body mass index (BMI),waist-to-hip ratio (WHR),total body fat (TBF),abdominal fat (AF),visceral fat (VF),visceral fat area (VFA),fatfree mass (FFM),total body muscle (TBM),skeletal muscle (SM),skeletal muscle height index (SMHI) and grip strength (GS) were measured by anthropometry and multi-frequency bioelectric impedance analysis.The rate of low weight,overweight and obesity was judged by BMI;the rate of abdominal obesity by WHR;and the status of muscle by TBM,SM,MHI and GS.Results The two groups were comparable at baseline.Compared to the control group,the rate of low weight [36.6％ (26/71) vs.20.0％ (14/70),x2 =4.791,P=0.039],weight loss [(1.37± 1.57) kg vs.(0.82± 1.12) kg,t=2.402,P =0.018],ratio of people whoexperienced weight loss＞5％ in 3 months [22.5％ (16/71) vs.8.6％ (6/70),x2 =5.219,P=0.035],TBF％ [(32.3±5.0)％ vs.(30.3±5.2)％,t=2.294,P=0.023],WHR (0.91±0.55vs.0.87±0.51,t =2.661,P =0.009),the rate of abdominal obesity [49.3％ (35/71) vs.25.7％ (18/70),x2 =8.355,P=0.005],AF [(12.1±3.4) kg vs.(10.3±3.6) kg,t=2.981,P=0.003],VF [(2.9±0.8) kg vs.(2.5±0.9) kg,t=2.853,P=0.005] andVFA [(99.8±26.3) cm2 vs.(84.9±31.1) cm2,t=3.045,P=0.003] were increased significantly in study group,while the FFM [(34.9±7.5) kg vs.(37.9±5.6) kg,t=-2.691,P=0.008],SM [(25.8±4.5) kgvs.(27.3±3.5) kg,t=-2.140,P=0.034],SMHI [(9.4±1.8) kg/m2 vs.(10.2±1.5) kg/m2,t=-3.081,P=0.002] andGS [(29.3±6.6) kg vs.(31.8±5.7) kg,t=-2.406,P=0.017] were decreased significantly in study group.Conclusion Abnormal weight,abdominal obesity and loss of skeletal muscle were more likely to be observed in elderly patients with diabetes.
摘要
Objective To systematically evaluate the clinical effect of prone position mechanical ventilation on the improvement of oxygenation in patients with severe pneumonia. Methods Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane Library, CNKI, Wanfang Data and VIP database were searched from the time of database built up until December 10th, 2017. All the published randomized controlled trials (RCTs) about the effects of prone position ventilation on the oxygenation of severe pneumonia patients were screened, and were confirmed by the literature reference citation retrieval. Inclusion and exclusion criteria had been used to review and rank the literature. After evaluating the quality of included studies, the data was extracted from RCTs and given a Meta-analysis using RevMen 5.1. Results Twelve RCTs with 650 cases were included. Eleven of them were Chinese literature while 1 was in English. Ten studies showed that the prone position ventilation had a significant influence on improving partial pressure of oxygen [weighted mean difference (WMD) =9.93, 95% confidence interval (95%CI) = 2.92-16.95, P = 0.006], publication bias was found in these studies. Seven studies showed that the prone position ventilation had a significant influence on partial pressure of carbon dioxide (WMD =9.99, 95%CI = 1.81-18.18, P = 0.02), publication bias was found in these studies. Seven studies showed that the prone position ventilation had a significant influence on oxygenation index (WMD = 31.22, 95%CI = 26.06-36.39, P < 0.000 01), publication bias was found in these studies. Two studies showed that the prone position ventilation had a significant influence on oxygen saturation of blood (WMD = 2.12, 95%CI = 1.24-3.00, P < 0.000 01), no publication bias was found in these studies. Conclusion Prone position ventilation can effectively improve the patients' oxygenation index, partial pressure of oxygen, and oxygen saturation of blood, and reduce the partial pressure of carbon dioxide.
摘要
Diagnosis of Parkinson's disease (PD) based on speech data has been proved to be an effective way in recent years. However, current researches just care about the feature extraction and classifier design, and do not consider the instance selection. Former research by authors showed that the instance selection can lead to improvement on classification accuracy. However, no attention is paid on the relationship between speech sample and feature until now. Therefore, a new diagnosis algorithm of PD is proposed in this paper by simultaneously selecting speech sample and feature based on relevant feature weighting algorithm and multiple kernel method, so as to find their synergy effects, thereby improving classification accuracy. Experimental results showed that this proposed algorithm obtained apparent improvement on classification accuracy. It can obtain mean classification accuracy of 82.5%, which was 30.5% higher than the relevant algorithm. Besides, the proposed algorithm detected the synergy effects of speech sample and feature, which is valuable for speech marker extraction.
摘要
We aimed at analyzing the structure of extracellular polysaccharide A from Grifola frondosa (EXGFP-A) and testing its immunomodulatory activity. Structural analysis shows that EXGFP-A was a contained α-D-glucoside bond and pyranose ring. GC analysis reveals that EXGFP-A was mainly composed of rhamnose, arabinose, xylose, mannose, glucose, galactose, by the molar ratio of 0.28:0.31:0.30:0.06:7.98:0.61. The results of MTT(3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay indicates when EXGFP-A was at a concentration of 80 μg/mL and treatment time of 48 h, RAW264.7 cells proliferation index reached a maximum of 137.5%. Meanwhile, the AO staining showed that EXGFP-A activated RAW264.7 cells and improved the level of intracellular nucleic acid metabolism. In addition, in a certain range of concentration, EXGFP-A was able to increase the release of NO in RAW264.7 cells, and upregulate the mRNA expression of immunological factor TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12, IFN-γ and iNOS of RAW264.7 cells. Our results confirm that EXGFP-A had immunomodulatory activity. Our findings provided scientific basis for the structural analysis and application of Grifola frondosa polysaccharide.
Subject(s)
Animals , Mice , Cytokines , Metabolism , Grifola , Chemistry , Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II , Metabolism , Polysaccharides , Allergy and Immunology摘要
We purified a novel mannose binding lectin form Musca domestica pupae by affinity chromatography on Con A-Sepharose 4B and DEAE weak anion-exchange chromatography. By SDS-PAGE, MBL-1 yielded a single band with the molecular weight of 24 kDa. It was a glycoprotein detected by periodic acid-schiffs staining reaction, with 97.36% protein and 2.1% oligosaccharide. Meanwhile, the results of beta-elimination reaction, infrared spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy and protein sequencing instrument show that MBL-1 was an ellipsoidal-shaped monomer with 60-100 nm in diameter. N-glycoside bond linked oligosaccharide chain and the N-terminal blocked peptide chain. Further study suggested that MBL-1 promote the proliferation of macrophage in a concentration-dependent manner. The scanning electron microscope analysis shows that MBL-1 promoted the activation of macrophages. These results show that MBL-1 purified from Musca domestica pupae possesses immune regulation effect, serving a reference basis to develop natural immune-modulator.