Bibliometric and visual analysis of Chinese scarlet fever literature / 公共卫生与预防医学

Objective To analyze the research status and trend of scarlet fever literature in China, and to provide reference for subsequent research. Methods Three major Chinese databases, CNKI, Wanfang, and VIP, as well as Web of Science English database, were used to search for literature related to scarlet fever from 2000 to 2023. Citespace6.2.R2 software was used to statistically analyze the number of publications, authors, institutions and journals, co-cited literature, keyword clustering, and other literature characteristics of the literature. Results From 2000 to 2023, a total of 1 011 Chinese literature were included in the three major Chinese databases. Since 2011, the number of publications had gradually increased, but in recent years, the number of publications had decreased. The organization with the most publications was the Shenyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention. The cluster analysis of key words mainly formed 9 cluster tags, and the high-frequency keywords mainly included epidemic characteristics, epidemiology, incidence rate, etc. A total of 84 English literature were included in the WOS database, with an overall upward trend in publication volume. The institution with the most publications was the China Center for Disease Control and Prevention, and the most frequently cited journal was “LANCET INFECT DIS”.《Resurgence of scarlet fever in China: a 13-year population-based surveillance study》 was the most cited journal. After keyword cluster analysis, 9 cluster labels were mainly formed, and the keywords were mainly outbreak，Hong Kong, and Group A streptococcus. Conclusion Compared with the English literature, which mainly focuses on spatiotemporal aggregation, etiology and strain resistance, Chinese literature focuses more on epidemic surveillance, clinical features and quality nursing.

Effect of multi-parameter three-dimension arterial spin labeling in diagnosis of transient ischemic attack / 中华神经医学杂志

Objective To evaluate the application of multi-parameter three-dimension arterial spin labeling (3D-ASL) in observing the brain perfusion of patients with transient ischemic attack (TIA). Methods A total of 42 TIA patients, admitted to our hospital from July 2014 to March 2017, were included in this study. All subjects underwent conventional MRI, diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) and 3D-ASL scanning. Abnormal signals, and cerebral arterial stenosis or occlusion were observed under MRI, DWI and MRA; cerebral blood flow (CBF) map was drew after analyzing the 3D-ASL imaging, and abnormal reperfusion of ASL-CBF was qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed. The detection rate of abnormal reperfusion in TIA patients by 3D-ASL (PLD=1.5 s, PLD=2.5 s) and MRA were compared. Results Forty-two TIA patients showed no positive findings on conventional MRI and DWI maps, of which 18 patients showed different degrees of cerebral artery stenosis on MRA maps. Twenty-seven patients (PLD=1.5 s, 64.29％) and 21 (PLD=2.5 s, 50％) on ASL-CBF maps showed different sizes and degrees of abnormal hypoperfusion, and significant difference was found in detection rate of hypoperfusion by 3D-ASL (PLD=1.5 s and PLD=2.5 s, χ2=23.333, P=0.000). The detection rates of hypoperfusion by 3D-ASL (PLD=1.5 s and PLD=2.5 s) were 中华神经医学杂志2017年12月第16卷 第12期 Chin J Neuromed, December 2017, Vol.16, No.12 significantly higher than that by MRA (χ2=17.500, P=0.000; χ2=31.500, P=0.000). Conclusions The 3D-ASL can quantitatively analyze the degrees of perfusion of patients with TIA. 3D-ASL can comprehensively reflect the perfusion status in patients with TIA, and short PLD 3D-ASL is more sensitive than long PLD ASL in finding TIA, while long PLD 3D-ASL can reflect the perfusion status more truly.

Detection of hepatitis B virus A1762T/G1764A mutant by amplification refractory mutation system

OBJECTIVE: To study the role of hepatitis B virus with A1762T/G1764A double mutation in liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, and create a sensitive, fast, accurate assay for detection of A1762T/G1764A double mutation. METHODS: We developed an accurate and fast real-time amplification refractory mutation system to detect A1762T/G1764A double mutation. Cloned hepatitis B virus genome was used as a control. Assay sensitivity was determined by serial dilution and mixed template experiments. Specificity was determined by cross experiments with wild and mutant hepatitis B virus. Fifty clinical samples were tested by the real-time amplification refractory mutation system and the results were compared with sequencing. RESULTS: The real-time amplification refractory mutation system had a sensitivity of 100 copies of virus with these mutations, and 0.1% weak population virus with double mutation could be found in mixtures. A total of 50 randomly collected clinical samples were detected by real-time amplification refractory mutation system, and the results were consistent with those by DNA sequencing. Hepatitis B virus genotype C was more prevalent in 39 of 50 samples than genotype B (11 samples), and about 75% of genotype C carried a double mutation compared to 45% of genotype B. However, the percentage of A1762T/G1764A double mutation in hepatitis B e antigen-negative (58.3%) samples was almost the same as in hepatitis B e antigen-positive (61%) samples. CONCLUSION: The real-time amplification refractory mutation system is sensitive and specific for detection of hepatitis B virus double mutation. .

Effect of ischemia preconditioning on renal ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats

To study the effect of ischemia preconditioning (IP) on renal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-associated functional injury and expression of renal adhesion molecules in rats.

The ischemia preconditioning plan adopted in this experiment involved renal warm ischemia for 6 min. and blood flow for 4 min., repeated four times. The Wistar rat kidneys used for warm ischemia preconditioning were subjected to 60 min of renal warm ischemia followed by reperfusion. The rat kidneys with ischemia/reperfusion were compared with the ischemia preconditioning group to observe rat renal function and changes in the expression of renal adhesion molecules ICAM-1, P--Selectin, and E-Selectin.

The expression of rat renal adhesion molecules (ICAM-1, P-Selectin, and E-Selectin) with ischemia preconditioning was significantly lower than that of the ischemia/reperfusion group. Serum creatinine was significantly lower than that in the ischemia/reperfusion group after 48 hours.

Ischemia preconditioning has a protective effect on renal function. Reduced expression of renal adhesion molecules is likely a mechanism involved in the observed protection. .

Simultaneous detection of hepatitis B virus genotypes and mutations associated with resistance to lamivudine, adefovir, and telbivudine by the polymerase chain reaction-ligase detection reaction

OBJECTIVES: Detection of mutations associated to nucleos(t)ide analogs and hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotyping are essential for monitoring treatment of HBV infection. We developed a multiplex polymerase chain reaction-ligase detection reaction (PCR-LDR) assay for the rapid detection of HBV genotypes and mutations associated with lamivudine, adefovir, and telbivudine resistance in HBV-infected patients. METHODS: HBV templates were amplified by PCR, followed by LDR and electrophoresis on a sequencer. The assay was evaluated using plasmids that contained wild-type or mutant HBV sequences and 216 clinical samples. RESULTS: The PCR-LDR assay and sequencing gave comparable results for 158 of the 216 samples (73.1 percent) with respect to mutation detection and genotyping. Complete agreement between the two methods was observed for all the samples (100 percent) at codon 180 and codon 204. Concordant results were observed for 99.4 percent of the 158 samples at codon 181 and 98.7 percent at codon 236. The genotyping results were completely concordant between the PCR-LDR assay and sequencing. The PCR-LDR assay could detect a proportion of 1 percent mutant plasmid in a background of wild-type plasmid. CONCLUSION: The PCR-LDR assay is sensitive and specific for detection of HBV genotypes and drug resistance mutations, and could be helpful for decision making in the treatment of HBV infection.

Application of enriched bone marrow compound with fibrin glue in repairing old radial bone defect in rabbits / 中国医学科学院学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the feasibility of using enriched bone marrow (BM) compound with fibrin glue (FG) in repairing old radial bone defect.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Totally 36 New Zealand rabbits were equally randomized into three groups: simple FG group, BM+FG group, and enriched BM+FG group. A 1.5-cm segmental bone defect was made at the left radial in each animal. After one month, the defect was implanted with the engineered bone. Before implantation, a compound of enriched BM with FG underwent electron microscopy, long-term culture, and bacteriological culture. Four, 8, and 12 weeks after operations, the osteogenetic effect was evaluated using X-ray observation, HE staining, or Van Gieson staining, and a semi-quantitative analysis was performed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Electron microscopy showed enriched BM were compatible well with FG. No bacterial contamination or oncogenicity was observed after long-term culture. X-ray showed the repair effectiveness was significantly higher in BM+FG group and enriched BM+FG group than in simple FG group. Eight and 12 weeks after surgery, the Yang scores were significantly higher in enriched BM+FG group than in BM+FG group [(9.348±0.364évs.(7.984±0.229éìF=40.167ìP=0.001; (12.664±0.388)vs. (10.584±0.836é, F=20.3647ìP=0.004]. In addition, the Yang's scores at bone defects in BM+FG group and enriched BM+FG group were higher at the 12(th) week than in the 8(th) week. (F=36.004ìP=0.001; F=155.141ìP=0.000; respectively)The bone defects were repaired at varied degrees were histologically observed in BM+FG group and enriched BM+FG group during the observations.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Implantation of BM+FG or enriched BM+FG are effective in repairing old radial bone defects, while simple FG shows not such effect.</p>