摘要
Abstract Objective Compare thermal variation in the region of the External Acoustic Canal (EAC) and the Round Window (RW) using different rigid endoscopes and light sources in human temporal bones. Method This is an analytical experimental study using human temporal bones. Thermal variation was assessed during ten minutes, using a thermometer in the region of the EAC and the RW of two temporal bones, right and left. We used three different endoscopes (0° 4-mm, 0° 3-mm and 30° 4-mm) and five intensity/type light source (Halogen 100%, LED 50%, LED 100%, Xenon 50% and Xenon 100% with the same endoscope light fiber. Results We found temperature elevations in the EAC and RW in all measurements. Larger caliber endoscopes (4-mm) and light sources at 100% intensity generated higher temperatures, slightly higher in halogen and xenon. The 30° endoscopes tended to put more heat on structures, with little difference in most measurements. We identified greater temperature variations in the EAC of the right and left temporal bones compared to the RW overall. The highest temperature acquired in the present study was in the EAC of the temporal bone with a 4-mm and 30° endoscope, using xenon light source (intensity of 100%), with an increase of 4.51 °C. Conclusion The type of endoscope and light source can influence the thermal variation and the risk of tissue injury during endoscopic ear surgery. Larger endoscopes with xenon and halogen light sources at maximum intensity generate more heat. Level of evidence: 5.
摘要
Abstract Faced with the long waiting list for a kidney transplant, the use of donors with expanded criteria, like polycystic kidneys, is an option that aims to increase in a short time the supply of kidneys for transplant. This report of two cases of transplants performed from a donor with polycystic kidneys showed promising results, and the receptors evolved with good renal function, serum creatinine measurements within the normal range and with adequate glomerular filtration rate, evaluated over a period of four years post transplant. This fact confirms that the option of using donors with polycystic kidneys is safe and gives good results.
Resumo Diante da longa fila de espera por um transplante renal, a utilização de doadores com critério expandido, a exemplo de rins policísticos, torna-se uma opção que visa aumentar a oferta de rins para transplante a curto prazo. O presente relato de dois casos de transplantes realizados a partir de um doador com rins policísticos apresentou resultado promissor, tendo os receptores evoluído com boa função renal, dosagens de creatinina sérica dentro da faixa de normalidade e com taxa de filtração glomerular adequada, avaliados num período de quatro anos pós-transplante. Isto confirma que a opção da utilização de doadores com rins policísticos é segura e apresenta bons resultados.