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OBJECTIVE To explore the mechanism of Naozhenning granules in regulating mitochondrial energy metabolism in hippocampal tissue of multiple cerebral concussion （MCC） model rats. METHODS SPF grade Wistar rats were used to prepare MCC models using the “free fall impact method”. The successfully modeled rats were divided into model group， piracetam group， and Naozhenning granule low-dose， medium-dose and high-dose groups， and a normal group was also set up， with 8 rats in each group. Rats in each treatment group orally administered corresponding drugs at doses of 0.324 g/kg for the piracetam group and 2.25， 4.5 and 9 g/kg for the Naozhenning granule low-dose， medium-dose and high-dose groups； the normal group and model group were given equal volumes of normal saline； once a day， for 14 consecutive days. The motor exploration ability， learning and memory ability of rats were tested； the adenosine triphosphate （ATP） content in the hippocampal tissue of rat was detected； the changes in the mitochondrial structure of hippocampal tissue was observed； the fluorescence intensity of mitochondrial dynamin- related protein 1 （Drp1）， mitochondrial fission protein 1 （Fis1）， mitochondrial fusion 1 （Mfn1）， and optic atrophy protein 1 （Opa1） were detected in the hippocampal tissue of rat； the protein expression levels of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma coactivator-1α（PGC-1α）， nuclear respiratory factor-1（NRF-1），mitochondrial transcription factor A（TFAM）， Wnt-3a，β-catenin in hippocampal tissue of rat were detected. RESULTS Compared with the normal group， the total exercise distance， number of central grid entries， number of upright positions， new object recognition index， mitochondrial ATP content， fluorescence intensity of Mfn1 and Opa1， the protein expression levels of PGC-1α、NRF-1、TFAM、Wnt-3a、 β-catenin in the model group were significantly reduced （P＜0.01）， while the rest time and fluorescence intensity of Drp1 and Fis1 in hippocampal tissue were significantly increased （P＜0.01）. The results of transmission electron microscopy showed that the mitochondria in the hippocampal tissue were significantly swollen， with a large number of broken and reduced cristae， and some mitochondria had myeloid changes in the membrane. Compared with the model group， the levels/contents of the above indicators in rats of each administration group showed varying degrees of reversal， and most of the differences were statistically significant （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）； the degree of mitochondrial swelling in the hippocampal tissue was reduced， with a small amount of broken and reduced cristae， fuzzy fractures appeared in local areas of the rough endoplasmic reticulum. CONCLUSIONS Naozhenning granules can improve the motor exploration， learning and memory abilities of MCC model rats， repair neuronal damage， and exert neuroprotective effects. Its mechanism may be related to activating Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway，maintaining the balance of mitochondrial division and fusion，and promoting mitochondrial biosynthesis.
摘要
ObjectiveTo explore the effects of Naozhenning granules on the memory function and neuron cells in the rat model of post-concussion syndrome based on mitochondrial biosynthesis. MethodSPF-grade Wistar rats were used to establish the multiple cerebral concussion （MCC） model by the weight-drop method. The successfully modeled rats were assigned into model， piracetam （0.324 g·kg-1）， and low-， medium-， and high-dose （2.25， 4.5， and 9 g·kg-1， respectively） Naozhenning groups. The rats were administrated with corresponding drugs by gavage and those in the blank group and model group were administrated the same volume of normal saline once a day for 14 days. The general state of rats was observed before and after treatment. The open field test and new object recognition test were conducted to examine the motor and memory abilities of rats. Hematoxylin-eosin staining was employed to observe the pathological changes of cortical neurons in rats. Western blot and real-time polymerase chain reaction were employed to determine the protein and mRNA levels， respectively， of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ-coactivator-1α （PGC-1α）， nuclear respiratory factor-1 （NRF-1）， and transcription factor A mitochondrial （TFAM） in rat cortex. ResultCompared with the blank group， the model group showed anxious and manic mental status， yellow and messy fur， and reduced food intake. In the open field experiment， the model group showed reduced total movement distance， times of entering the central grid， and times of rearing decreased and increased resting time compared with the blank group （P<0.01）. The model group had lower recognition index of new objects than the blank group （P<0.01）. In addition， the modeling caused reduced neurons with sparse distribution and deformed， broken， and irregular nucleoli and down-regulated the mRNA and protein levels of PGC-1α， NRF-1， and TFAM in the cortex （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， piracetam and Naozhenning improved the mental state， coat color， food intake， and activities of rats. In the open field test， piracetam and Naozhenning increased the total movement distance， the times of entering the central grid， and the times of rearing and shortened the resting time （P<0.05， P<0.01）. The piracetam and Naozhenning groups had higher recognition index of new objects than the model group （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， the piracetam and Naozhenning groups showed increased neurons with tight arrangement and large and round nuclei， and some cells with irregular morphology and turbid cytoplasm. Furthermore， piracetam and medium-dose Naozhenning upregulated the protein levels of PGC-1α， NRF-1， and TFAM （P<0.01）. Low-dose Naozhenning upregulated the protein levels of NRF-1 and TFAM （P<0.01）， and high-dose Naozhenning upregulated the protein levels of PGC-1α and TFAM in the cortex （P<0.01）. The mRNA levels of PGC-1α， NRF-1， and TFAM in the cortex were upregulated in the piracetam group and Naozhenning groups （P<0.05， P<0.01）. ConclusionNaozhenning granules can improve the motor， memory， and learning， repair the neuronal damage， and protect the nerve function in the rat model of MCC by promoting mitochondrial biosynthesis.
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Objective:To identify the risk factors for massive blood transfusion in pediatric living donor liver transplantation.Methods:The medical data of children underwent living donor liver transplantation in our hospital from April 2006 to April 2019 were retrospectively collected.Massive transfusion was defined as the administration of red blood cells > 1 fold of the total blood volume (70 ml/kg) during operation.Patients were assigned to massive transfusion group and non-massive transfusion group according to the volume of blood transfused during operation.Binary logistic regression analysis was used to identify the risk factors for massive blood transfusion during living liver transplantation.Results:A total of 95 pediatric patients were enrolled in this study, with 18 cases in massive transfusion group and 77 cases in non-massive transfusion group.The incidence of massive blood transfusion was 19% during operation.The results of logistic regression analysis showed that preoperative survival status of " hospitalization" ( OR=49.816, 95% CI 2.945-842.59, P=0.007), increased serum Cr concentrations ( OR=1.046, 95% CI 1.007-1.086, P=0.021), increased Pediatric End-Stage Liver Disease (PELD) or Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score ( OR=1.215, 95% CI 1.046-1.411, P=0.011) and prolonged operation time( OR=1.623, 95% CI 1.133-2.327, P=0.008) were the independent risk factors for intraoperative massive blood transfusion in living donor liver transplantation, while increased recipient weight ( OR=0.856, 95% CI 0.761-0.962, P=0.009) was a protective factor for intraoperative massive blood transfusion. Conclusions:Preoperative survival status of " hospitalization", increased PELD or MELD score and prolonged operation time are independent risk factors, while increased pediatric weight is a protective factor for massive blood transfusion in pediatric living donor liver transplantation.
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Objective@#To understand the occupational hazard and distribution of silica dust (free SiO2≥10%) in the workplace environment of the enterprises in Fengxian District, and to provide scientific basis for improving the working environment and protecting the physical and mental health of the workers.@*Methods@#Individual sampling monitoring and on-site labor hygiene investigation were conducted on 421 workers involved in 87 silicon dust enterprises in the jurisdiction from 2014 to 2018, and measured concentration-time weighted average (CTWA) .@*Results@#The results showed that the range of the CTWA was (0.021~17.000) mg/m3, the median was 1.600 mg/m3, and the qualified rate of 30.88%. The difference of total dust concentration was statistically significant in different years (Z=38.831, P<0.05) . The qualified rate of small-scale enterprises is higher than that of medium-scale enterprises (χ2=9.472, P<0.05) . The qualified rate of other domestic enterprises is higher than that of private enterprises and foreign enterprises (χ2=10.089, P<0.05) . The acceptance rate of metal products manufacturing is lower than that of general equipment manufacturing and other manufacturing enterprises (χ2=64.626, P<0.05) . The qualification rate of natural ventilation is higher than that of mechanical ventilation (χ2=6.278, P<0.05) .@*Conclusion@#The enterprises involved in silicon production in Fengxian District need to further strengthen the production process reform and improve the ventilation and dust removal protection measures. Widely carry out the publicity of occupational disease prevention and control law, conduct targeted pre-job training, improve workers' awareness of self-protection, and protect the occupational health of workers in many ways.
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Objective To simulate the orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) after corticotomy in rat and analyze its effects on mechanical distribution in dentoalveolar structures.Methods 3D finite element model of corticotomy-facilitated OTM in rat was established and the circumscribing corticotomy approach was simulated. The periodontal ligament (PDL) and alveolar bone around the mesial root were partitioned according to direction of the orthodontic load and corresponding part of the root. The initial displacement of the first molar and segmented alveolar bone as well as the stress and strain in PDL and alveolar bone were calculated. Results The first molar presented a tipping movement and the distal cusp showed the maximum displacement. Corticotomy could increase the relative displacement of bone segment. The maximum principal strain in PDL concentrated on the mesial and distal cervical region, while the minimum principal strain concentrated on the distal apical region. Corticotomy could change the distribution and magnitude of the maximum and minimum principal strain in PDL and Von Mises stress in alveolar bone. Conclusions Corticotomy can affect the mechanical distribution of orthodontic force in tooth and periodontal tissues around, and hence facilitate regional bone remodeling to realize rapid OTM. The research findings contribute to understanding the mechanism of corticotomy to facilitate OTM from the aspect of biomechanics.
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The fabrication system for the electrochemical microfluidic device was set up based on the pulse driving and controlling of microfluids technology.The nano silver ink and glycerol solution were jetted on the glass substrates to form the microelectrode pattern and the liquid mold pattern for the microchannel.Then the microelectrode and microchannel were obtained through a sintering process and a molding process, respectively.The electrochemical mircrofluidic device was Finally prepared through a bonding process with the microelectrode and the microchannel.The influences of the system parameters on the formation of the droplet were studied, as well as the influences of the droplets diameter and the overlap on the formation of the liquid lines.The minimal width, the thickness and the resistance of the prepared microelectrode were 45 μm, 2.2 μm and 5.2 μΩ cm, respectively.The minimal width of the microelectrode was 35 μm and the surface was smooth.The electrochemical flow detection of glucose concentration was carried out with the device, and the results showed that the glucose concentration had a high linear correlation with the response current, which could be used in the quantitative detection of glucose concentration.The fabrication of the electrochemical microfluidic device based on the pulse driving and controlling of micro fluids technology has many advantages such as simple system structure, lower cost and higher accuracy of the micro droplet and can be used in the preparation of the devices in the biochemical analysis and biosensor areas.
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Objective To investigate the potential biological effect of long non-coding RNA( lncRNA) HOXA transcript at the distal tip( HOTTIP) on proliferation, migration and invasion of cervical cancer cells.Methods HOTTIP small interference RNA(siRNA) was transfected into HeLa and C-33A cervical cancer cell lines, with negative siRNA as a control.qPCR assay was performed to confirm the knock-down of the level of HOTTIP.CCK8 assay and colony-forming unit (CFU) assay were performed to evaluate the effect of HOTTIP knock-down on HeLa and C-33A cell proliferation.Wound healing assay was performed to evaluate the effect of HOTTIP knock-down on HeLa and C-33A cell proliferation and migration.Tumor invasion assay was used to evaluate the effect of HOTTIP knock-down on HeLa and C-33A cell invasion. Results The expression level of HOTTIP was efficiently knocked down by siRNA 48 h post transfection.The results of CCK8 assay and CFU assay showed that HOTTIP knock-down significantly decrease of cervical cancer cell proliferation. Wound healing assay result indicated that HOTTIP knock-down obviously suppressed cervical cancer cell proliferation and migration.Tumor invasion assay results demonstrated that HOTTIP knock-down significantly suppressed cervical cancer cell invasion.Conclusion HOTTIP levels in HeLa and C-33A cervical cancer cell lines can be efficiently knocked down with the siRNA strategy, and the HOTTIP knock-down can significantly suppress the tumor characteristics of cervical cancer cells, including the ability of proliferation, migration and invasion.
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Objective To investigate the relationship between leptin receptor(LEPR) gene Gln223Arg in polymorphism and serum leptin level of patients with asthma.Methods A case-control study was conducted.One hundred and ninety-two asthma patients were recruited from asthma gene library,among them 100 patients only with asthma(asthma group) and 92 patients with both asthma and metabolic syndrome(asthma complicated with metabolic syndrome group).And 108 normal people were selected as control group.Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) was used to detect the polymorphism of LEPR gene Gln223Arg locus.Serum leptin levels were measured by enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay,its relationship with asthma was analyze.Results The frequencies of genotype GG,GA,AA in asthma group,asthma complicated with metabolic syndrome group and normal control group were (83.00％ (83/100) vs.83.70％ (77/92) vs.70.37％ (76/108),15.00％ (15/100) vs.15.22％ (14/92) vs.27.78％ (30/108),and2.00％ (2/100) vs.1.08％ (1/92) vs.1.85％ (2/108) respectively).G and A alleles in asthma group,asthma complicated with metabolic syndrome group and normal control group were 90.50％ vs.91.30％vs.84.26％,9.50％ vs.8.70％ vs.15.74％ respectively.Compared with the control group,GG genotype and GA + AA genotype were different between in asthma group and asthma complicated with metabolic syndrome group.The patients with GG genotype showed 2.056 (x2 =4.599,P =0.032,OR =2.056,95％ CI =1.057-3.999) and 2.161 folds (x2 =4.907,P =0.027,OR =2.161,95 ％ CI =1.084-4.311) risk in asthma group and asthma complicated with metabolic syndrome group than that with GA + AA genotype.In terms of leptin levels,in asthma group,female were significant higher than that of control group (P =0.037,P =2.93),while in asthma complicated with metabolic syndrome group,male and female were significantly higher than control group (P =0.001,0.000 ; P =4.530,4.690).Conclusion The polymorphisms of LEPR gene locus Gln223 Arg are related with asthma.Genotype GG carrier is susceptible for the disease.In female,serum leptin is positive relationship with asthma group,especially in asthma complicated with metabolic syndrome.
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Objective To explore the association between inflammatory cytokines and islet β-cell function in chronic persistent asthma patients. Methods 112 adults with persistent asthma and 60 healthy volunteers were enrolled in this study. According to the severity of disease, all subjects were divided into persistent-mild group and persistent-moderate group. Plasma tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), interleukin6(IL-6) and C-reactive protein (CRP) were determined. Oral glucose tolerance and insulin releasing test were performed. The ratio of the area under the curve of insulin to area under the curve of glucose ( AUC1/AUCG ), homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance ( HOMA-IR), insulin sensitivity index( ISI),homeostasis model assessment for β-cell function (HBCI) and early insulin secretion index(△I30/△G30)were calculated. The values of forced expiratory volume in l second ( FEV1 ), forced vital capacity(FVC)and FEV1/FVC were recorded. Results In patient groups, the values for plasma TNF-α, IL-6, CRP,AUC1, AUC1/AUCG, HOMA-IR, HBCI significantly increased compared with those in control group, while ISI declined ( t =2. 02～13.62, P ＜0. 05). Multiple step regression analysis showed that HOMA-IR was positively correlated with CRP, LDL-C, BMI, AUC1, TNF-α( P ＜0. 01 orP ＜0. 05), but negatively correlated with FEV1 ( P ＜ 0. 05 ). Conclusion The results indicated that inflammatory cytokines ( TNF-α,IL-6,CRP) might result in insulin resistance in asthma patients who had hyperinsulinism at the same time.
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0.05),but the above 3 groups were superior to FC group in the EIP incidence,pain degree and curative effect (P
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OBJECTIVE:To observe the clinical efficacy of herbal desensitizer in the treatment of dentine hypersensitivity. METHODS: 126 patients with dentine hypersensitivity were enrolled: 64(a total of 172 diseased teeth) were randomly assigned to trial group to be treated with herbal desensitizer,and 62(158 diseased teeth) to control group to be treated with sodium fluoride glycerin. The clinical effects observation was scheduled immediately,3 and 6 months after the treatment. Then the results were analyzed using statistics software.RESULTS: Significant differences were found between the trial group and the control group in clinical effects (P
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Objective To study the effect of grape seed procyanidin extract(GSPE) on the cell cycle arrest in human bladder cancer BIU87 cells and investigate the underlying molecular mechanism.Methods BIU87 cells were treated with different concentrations of GSPE(50,100 and 200 ?g/ml) and cultured for 24 h.The untreated group served as control.Flow cytometry was used to evaluate the cell cycle,and RT-PCR and Western blotting were used to detect the mRNA and protein expressions of CyclinD1 and cyclin-dependent kinase 4(CDK4).Results GSPE inhibited the cell growth through cell cycle arrest at G1 phrase in a dose-dependent manner.Semi-quantitated RT-PCR and Western blot analyses indicated that GSPE decreased CyclinD1 and CDK4 expressions in a dose-dependent fashion(P