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Objective:Based on the needs of advanced nursing practice development, to establish an indicator system of role function of position of oncology genetic nurses suitable for our national condition, and to provide a basis for position establishing of nocology genetic nurses.Methods:Initial indexes were generated through the literature review and semi-structured interviews. From September to December 2022, two rounds of expert consultations and analytic hierarchy process were conducted to establish the evaluation index for role function of position of oncology genetic nurses.Results:A total of 43 experts were included in the study, the response rates of 2 rounds were 93.62%(44/47) and 97.73%(43/44), and the authority coefficients of the experts were 0.821 and 0.853. The Kendall′s coefficients of concordance for the 2 rounds of consultations were 0.100-0.150 (all P<0.01) and 0.101-0.237 (all P<0.01). Finally, the role function system of position for oncology genetic nurses was formed, which consisted of 5 first-level indexes, 17 second-level indexes and 86 third-level indexes. Conclusions:The system of role function of position for oncology genetic nurses is reasonable, scientific and reliable, professional and specific, which can provide a theoretical reference for the development of advanced nursing practice on hereditary oncology in China.
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Objective To retrieve,evaluate and summarize the best evidence of physical activity in patients with venous leg ulcer(VLU),and to provide the evidence for clinical practice of physical activity intervention for patients with VLU.Methods We systematically searched all relevant literature on the physical activity of patients with VLU,including clinical practice guidelines,clinical decision-making,systematic reviews,evidence summaries,expert consensuses,and original studies,from the guideline websites,databases,and professional association websites,with the search period from the database establishment to May 19,2023.2 researchers independently evaluated the quality of the literature,and included and extracted and integrated evidence based on the judgment of professionals.Results A total of 18 articles were included,consisting of 6 guidelines,2 clinical decisions,6 systematic reviews,3 expert consensuses and 1 original study.Finally,26 pieces of best evidence were summarized,categorizing into 8 aspects which include timing of physical activity,patient assessment before physical activity,mode of physical activity,time and frequency of physical activity,intensity of physical activity,effect evaluation of physical activity,quality control and tips.Conclusion This study summarizes the best evidence of physical activity in patients with VLU.It is recommended that health care professionals should formulate individualized physical activity programs based on the practical conditions and clinical situation,and fully consider the evaluation results of patients.
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Stable isotope tracer metabolomics tracks and analyzes the whole metabolic process of the body through the tracer atoms, which belongs to the frontier technology in the field of biomedicine. This technology is of great significance and value for explaining the pathogenesis of diseases, finding biomarkers of diseases and drug action targets. Taking the mechanism of glucose catabolism disorder in depression as an example, this paper systematically expounds the stable isotope tracer metabolomics technology and its application. The research idea of stable isotope tracer metabolomics based on unmarked metabolomics was put forward, and the research strategy of biological significance interpretation from four dimensions of metabolite isotope abundance, key metabolic enzymes, metabolic flow direction and metabolite flow was given, which broke through the bottleneck of stable isotope tracer metabolomics research technology based on overall animal experiment, and provided scientific basis for the promotion and application of this technology.
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A variety of full 2ʹ-F/OMe-modified siRNAs were designed and synthesized, and the activity against hepatocellular carcinoma Huh-7 and HepG2 cells was evaluated. K&A DNA/RNA H-8 synthesizer was used to synthesize siRNAs, and neutral cytidinyl lipid DNCA mixed with cationic lipid CLD were used to transfect siRNA. By RT-qPCR and CCK-8 assay, the target gene silence and the proliferation of Huh-7 and HepG2 cells were detected. The siRNAs loading into Ago2 protein was detected by RNA-binding protein immunoprecipitation. Drug uptake and cell apoptosis were detected by flow cytometry, and the expression of PLK1 protein was detected by Western blot. Partial full 2ʹ-F/OMe modified siRNAs, especial siPLK1A3, increased the uptake of Huh-7 cells, enhanced their binding to Ago2 and gene silencing activity, down-regulated PLK1 protein, as well as induced more Huh-7 cell apoptosis and proliferation inhibition activity. It provides important data for the development of novel siRNA modification patterns and anti-HCC formulations.
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Entinostat plus exemestane in hormone receptor-positive (HR+) advanced breast cancer (ABC) previously showed encouraging outcomes. This multicenter phase 3 trial evaluated the efficacy and safety of entinostat plus exemestane in Chinese patients with HR + ABC that relapsed/progressed after ≥1 endocrine therapy. Patients were randomized (2:1) to oral exemestane 25 mg/day plus entinostat (n = 235) or placebo (n = 119) 5 mg/week in 28-day cycles. The primary endpoint was the independent radiographic committee (IRC)-assessed progression-free survival (PFS). The median age was 52 (range, 28-75) years and 222 (62.7%) patients were postmenopausal. CDK4/6 inhibitors and fulvestrant were previously used in 23 (6.5%) and 92 (26.0%) patients, respectively. The baseline characteristics were comparable between the entinostat and placebo groups. The median PFS was 6.32 (95% CI, 5.30-9.11) and 3.72 (95% CI, 1.91-5.49) months in the entinostat and placebo groups (HR, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.58-0.98; P = 0.046), respectively. Grade ≥3 adverse events (AEs) occurred in 154 (65.5%) patients in the entinostat group versus 23 (19.3%) in the placebo group, and the most common grade ≥3 treatment-related AEs were neutropenia [103 (43.8%)], thrombocytopenia [20 (8.5%)], and leucopenia [15 (6.4%)]. Entinostat plus exemestane significantly improved PFS compared with exemestane, with generally manageable toxicities in HR + ABC (ClinicalTrials.gov #NCT03538171).
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Objective:To investigate the efficacy and safety of promestriene vaginal gelatin capsules administered through different schemes in the treatment of postmenopausal female urethral syndrome.Methods:A total of 120 patients with postmenopausal female urethral syndrome who received treatment in General Hospital of Medical and Health Group of Cixi Third People's Hospital from January 2021 to June 2022 were included in this study. They were randomly divided into groups A and B ( n = 60/group). Group A was treated with vaginal gelatin capsules containing 10 mg promestriene once a day. Group B was treated with vaginal gelatin capsules containing 10 mg promestriene twice a day. Both groups were treated for 20 days as a course of treatment. The improvement of symptoms, lower urinary tract symptom score, quality of life score, estradiol level, follicle stimulating hormone level, and endometrial thickness were compared between the two groups. Results:After treatment, the scores of incomplete urination, urination interval, intermittent urination, dysuria, thinner urine line, urination force, and nocturnal urination times in group A were (2.51 ± 1.76) points, (2.66 ± 1.08) points, (2.61 ± 1.45) points, (2.48 ± 1.42) points, (2.85 ± 1.03) points, (2.48 ± 1.42) points, and (2.52 ± 1.72) points, respectively, which were significantly lower than (3.15 ± 1.35) points, (3.23 ± 1.14) points, (2.99 ± 1.57) points, (3.08 ± 1.09) points, (3.45 ± 1.72) points, (3.25 ± 1.08) points, and (3.21 ± 1.87) points, respectively, in group B ( t = 10.57, 9.78, 13.83, 10.34, 9.35, 12.34, 9.45, all P < 0.05). The quality of life score in group A was (2.45 ± 0.86) points, which was significantly lower than (3.51 ± 0.92) points in group B ( t = 5.45, P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in estradiol and follicle stimulating hormone levels and endometrial thickness between the two groups before and after treatment (all P > 0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups. Conclusion:Local application of promestriene vaginal gelatin capsules can improve the urethral syndrome in postmenopausal women. The once daily 10 mg promestriene vaginal gelatin capsule administration scheme can achieve better efficacy and safety than the twice daily administration scheme. The study is innovative, scientific, and worthy of clinical promotion.
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Objective To detect the expressions of interleukin-1β(IL-1β)in peripheral blood and programmed death molecule 1(PD-1)in esophageal cancer tissues and to analyze their influence on clinicopathological features and prognosis of patients.Methods A total of 127 patients with esophageal cancer who underwent surgical treatment at the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology from January 2018 to May 2020 were collected and divided into two groups:the survival group(n= 95)and the death group(n= 32),based on their survival status 3 years after surgery.Clinical data of the patients were collected.The expressions of PD-1 and programmed death ligand 1(PD-L1)in esophageal cancer tissues were detected through immunohistochemistry,while the levels of IL-6,IL-1β,and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)in peripheral blood were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Cox regression analysis was performed to identify the risk factors for death 3 years after surgery.The 3-year Kaplan-Meier survival curves of patients with different expressions of IL-1βand PD-1 were plotted,and the survival rates among the three groups were compared using the log-rank test.Results In the death group,the proportions of patients with age≥60 years old,lymph node metastasis,infiltration into the muscle layer,tumor diameter>3 cm,IL-1β high level,TNF-αhigh level,and PD-1 positive expression were higher than those in the survival group.Conversely,the proportions of patients with high IL-6 levels were lower than those in the survival group,with statistically significant differences between the groups(P<0.05).Infiltration into the myometrium,tumor diameter>3 cm,high IL-1β level,and PD-1 positive expression were identified as independent risk factors for postoperative death.The 3-year survival rates were 92.4%,13.3%,and 84.2%for patients in the normal IL-1β+PD-1 negative group,high IL-1β+PD-1 positive group,and normal IL-1β+PD-1 positive group/high IL-1β+PD-1 negative group,respectively.Significant differences existed between the groups(χ2=82.318,P<0.01),with the highest survival rate observed in the normal IL-1β+ PD-1 negative group and the lowest in the high IL-1β+ PD-1 positive group.Conclusion Positive expression of PD-1 and a high level of IL-1βwere identified as independent risk factors for death in patients with esophageal cancer.Notably,patients with positive expression of PD-1+high levels of IL-1βexhibited a low survival rate.
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Objective To explore the potential biological functions and prognostic prediction values of non-apoptotic regulated cell death genes (NARCDs) in lung adenocarcinoma.Methods Transcriptome data of lung adenocarcinoma were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Omnibus databases. We identified differentially expressed NARCDs between lung adenocarcinoma tissues and normal tissues with R software. NARCDs signature was constructed with univariate Cox regression analysis and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator Cox regression. The prognostic predictive capacity of NARCDs signature was assessed by Kaplan-Meier survival curve, receiver operating characteristic curve, and univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses. Functional enrichment of NARCDs signature was analyzed with gene set variation analysis, Gene Ontology, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes. In addition, differences in tumor mutational burden, tumor microenvironment, tumor immune dysfunction and exclusion score, and chemotherapeutic drug sensitivity were analyzed between the high and low NARCDs score groups. Finally, a protein-protein interaction network of NARCDs and immune-related genes was constructed by STRING and Cytoscape software. Results We identified 34 differentially expressed NARCDs associated with the prognosis, of which 16 genes (ATIC, AURKA, CA9, ITGB4, DDIT4, CDK5R1, CAV1, RRM2, GAPDH, SRXN1, NLRC4, GLS2, ADRB2, CX3CL1, GDF15, and ADRA1A) were selected to construct a NARCDs signature. NARCDs signature was identified as an independent prognostic factor (P < 0.001). Functional analysis showed that there were significant differences in mismatch repair, p53 signaling pathway, and cell cycle between the high NARCDs score group and low NARCDs score group (all P < 0.05). The NARCDs low score group had lower tumor mutational burden, higher immune score, higher tumor immune dysfunction and exclusion score, and lower drug sensitivity (all P < 0.05). In addition, the 10 hub genes (CXCL5, TLR4, JUN, IL6, CCL2, CXCL2, ILA, IFNG, IL33, and GAPDH) in protein-protein interaction network of NARCDs and immune-related genes were all immune-related genes. Conclusion The NARCDs prognostic signature based on the above 16 genes is an independent prognostic factor, which can effectively predict the clinical prognosis of patients of lung adenocarcinoma and provide help for clinical treatment.
Subject(s)
Humans , Prognosis , Apoptosis , Regulated Cell Death , Adenocarcinoma of Lung/genetics , Lung Neoplasms/genetics , Tumor Microenvironment摘要
This study investigated the effect of multi-glycosides of Tripterygium wilfordii(GTW) on renal injury in diabetic kidney disease(DKD) rats through Nod-like receptor protein 3(NLRP3)/cysteine-aspartic acid protease-1(caspase-1)/gsdermin D(GSDMD) pyroptosis pathway and the mechanism. To be specific, a total of 40 male SD rats were randomized into the normal group(n=8) and modeling group(n=34). In the modeling group, a high-sugar and high-fat diet and one-time intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin(STZ) were used to induce DKD in rats. After successful modeling, they were randomly classified into model group, valsartan(Diovan) group, and GTW group. Normal group and model group were given normal saline, and the valsartan group and GTW group received(ig) valsartan and GTW, respectively, for 6 weeks. Blood urea nitrogen(BUN), serum creatinine(Scr), alanine ami-notransferase(ALT), albumin(ALB), and 24 hours urinary total protein(24 h-UTP) were determined by biochemical tests. The pathological changes of renal tissue were observed based on hematoxylin and eosin(HE) staining. Serum levels of interleukin-1β(IL-1β) and interleukin-18(IL-18) were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). Western blot was used to detect the expression of pyroptosis pathway-related proteins in renal tissue, and RT-PCR to determine the expression of pyroptosis pathway-related genes in renal tissue. Compared with the normal group, the model group showed high levels of BUN, Scr, ALT, and 24 h-UTP and serum levels of IL-1β and IL-18(P<0.01), low level of ALB(P<0.01), severe pathological damage to kidney, and high protein and mRNA levels of NLRP3, caspase-1, and GSDMD in renal tissue(P<0.01). Compared with the model group, valsartan group and GTW group had low levels of BUN, Scr, ALT, and 24 h-UTP and serum levels of IL-1β and IL-18(P<0.01), high level of ALB(P<0.01), alleviation of the pathological damage to the kidney, and low protein and mRNA levels of NLRP3, caspase-1, and GSDMD in renal tissue(P<0.01 or P<0.05). GTW may inhibit pyroptosis by decreasing the expression of NLRP3/caspase-1/GSDMD in renal tissue, thereby relieving the inflammatory response of DKD rats and the pathological injury of kidney.
Subject(s)
Rats , Male , Animals , Diabetic Nephropathies/genetics , Interleukin-18/metabolism , Glycosides/pharmacology , Tripterygium , NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein/metabolism , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Caspase 1/metabolism , Pyroptosis , Uridine Triphosphate/pharmacology , Kidney , Valsartan/pharmacology , RNA, Messenger/metabolism , Diabetes Mellitus摘要
Purpose To investigate the expression of SMOC2 in papillary thyroid carcinomas(PTC)and its efficacy in joint diagnosis with CK19,Galectin-3,MC and BRAF V600E.Methods Bioinformatics was uesd to analyze the mR-NA expression differences of SMOC2 in PTC and benign thyroid tissues in the Gene Expression Omnibus database and The Canc-er Genome Atlas database.Detection of SMOC2 protein expres-sion in paraffin tissue of 75 cases of PTC and 45 cases of papilla-ry thyroid hyperplasia(PTH)was used by using EnVision meth-od,combined with CK19,Galectin-3,and MC and BRAF V600E for sensitivity and specificity analysis.Results The bioinformatics analysis results showed that the mRNA expression level of SMOC2 in PTC tissue was significantly lower than that in benign thyroid tissue(P<0.05),and the area under the curve(AUC)predicted by SMOC2 for PTC diagnosis was 0.910(P<0.001).The immunohistochemical results showed that the ex-pression of SMOC2 in PTC was significantly lower than that in PTH tissue(P<0.001),and the AUC of SMOC2 for PTC diag-nosis was 0.898(P<0.001).The AUC of SMOC2 combined with CK19,Galectin-3,MC and BRAF V600E in the diagnosis of PTC was 1.000(P<0.001),and the AUC values of the combination of other markers were lower than 1.000.Conclu-sion The expression of SMOC2 in PTC is significantly de-creased,which can be used as an important marker for the diag-nosis and differential diagnosis of PTC.Combined with CK19,Galectin-3,MC and BRAF V600E,the sensitivity and specifici-ty of PTC can be improved to a certain extent.
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Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of tenofovir alafenamide fumarate(TAF)in the treatment of patients with decompensated hepatitis B cirrhosis.Methods We retrospective analyzed 41 patients with decompensated hepatitis B cirrhosis receiving TAF antiviral therapy for 24 weeks at Wuwei Tumor Hospital in Gansu province from June 2022 to June 2023.Primary endpoint was proportion of patients achieving virologic response(HBV DNA<20 IU/mL).Other endpoints included changes in ALT,AST,TBIL,Child-Pugh score(CTP),and MELD score from baseline to week 24.In terms of safety,changes in Scr,eGFR and adverse events from baseline to week 24 were observed.Results Of 41 patients,73.2%were male(n = 30),with mean age of 53.49 years.24 weeks after treatment with TAF,HBV DNA was undetectable in 90.2%of the patients.The median levels of ALT,AST and total bilirubin(TBIL)were 50.70 U/L,48.70 U/L and 26.40 μmol/L respectively at base-line,and reduced significantly to 31.50 U/L,37.8 U/L and 23.8 μmol/L(P<0.05)respectively after 24-week therapy with TAF.CTP score was improved in 58.6%of the patients(n = 24),and so was MELD score in 63.4%of the patients(n = 26)at week 24.The median serum creatinine and eGFR were 58.5 μmol/L and 106.15 mL/(min·1.73 m2)respectively at baseline,and creatinine and eGFR were stable during treatment.No drug-related adverse events or severe adverse events occurred during treatment,neither did creatinine and eGFR liver transplan-tation,HCC or death.Conclusions Our clinical studies demonstrated better effectiveness and safety of TAF for decompensated CHB patients.
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Objective To observe the effect of acupuncture on lung tissue of asthma model rats ofα-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA),fibronectin(FN)expression levels.Methods A total of 40 male SPF Sprague-Dawley(SD)rats were randomly divided into normal control group,model group,drug group and acupuncture group,with 10 rats in each group.On the 1st and 8th days of the experiment,the normal control group was intraperitoneally injected with 1 mL of 0.9％ sodium chloride solution,and the model group was intraperitoneally injected with 1 mL of 10％ compound ovalbumin solution to sensitize.On the 15th day of the experiment,the normal control group was nebulized with 0.9％ sodium chloride solution for 20 minutes,and the model group was nebulized with 1％ ovalbumin solution for 20 minutes to stimulate asthma.After successful modeling,the normal control group and the model group were not treated,and the drug group was intraperitoneally injected with 0.05％ dexamethasone sodium phosphate solution,once a day,for 10 days.In the acupuncture group,Feishu,Dazhui and Fengmen acupoints were punctured once every 2 days for 7 times.The mRNA expression of signal transducer and activator of transcription 6(STAT6),the protein and positive expression of transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1),and the levels ofα-SMA,FN and peripheral blood T lymphocyte populations(CD3+,CD4+,CD8+)in the lung tissues of the four groups were compared.Results Compared with the normal control group,STAT6 mRNA expression,TGF-β1 protein and positive expression,the positive expression ofα-SMA,FN and T lymphocyte populations(CD3+,CD8+)in peripheral blood in model group were significantly increased[STAT6 mRNA(2-ΔΔCt):13.12±2.20 vs.1.02±0.20,TGF-β1 protein expression(A value):0.10±0.01 vs.0.06±0.01,TGF-β1 positive expression(A value):0.11±0.01 vs.0.08±0.01,α-SMA positive expression(A value):19.65±1.37 vs.7.74±0.81,FN positive expression(A value):18.40±0.79 vs.6.50±0.60,CD3+:0.70±0.03 vs.0.59±0.02,CD8+:0.39±0.02 vs.0.20±0.02,all P<0.05],and CD4+in model group was significantly decreased(0.32±0.02 vs.0.39±0.03,P<0.05);STAT6 mRNA expression and TGF-β1 protein expression,the positive expression ofα-SMA and FN and T lymphocyte populations(CD3+,CD8+)in peripheral blood in the drug group and acupuncture group were significantly lower than those in the model group,CD4+in the drug group and acupuncture group was significantly higher than that in the model group,and the changes in the acupuncture group was more significant than those in the drug group[STAT6 mRNA(2-ΔΔCt):3.01±0.55 vs.5.64±0.65,TGF-β1 protein expression(A value):0.06±0.01 vs.0.09±0.01,TGF-β1 positive expression(A value):0.08±0.01 vs.0.09±0.01,α-SMA positive expression(A value):12.33±0.50 vs.14.99±0.53,FN positive expression(A value):9.91±0.61 vs.13.19±0.66,CD3+:0.60±0.03 vs.0.65±0.04,CD4+:0.39±0.02 vs.0.36±0.02,CD8+:0.21±0.04 vs.0.28±0.03,all P<0.05].Conclusion For asthma model rats,acupuncture at Feishu,Dazhui and Fengmen acupoints can significantly stimulate the nerves and muscles of lung tissue,promote blood circulation in the lung,enhance lung function,improve the health status of lung tissue,reduce the content of the positive expression ofα-SMA and FN,and improve airway remodeling.
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Objective:To explore the role and preliminary mechanism of heparin-binding protein (HBP) in the development of acute pancreatitis (AP) through clinical analysis and animal models.Methods:(1) Clinical research: Blood samples were collected from AP patients admitted to the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University from January 1 to December 31, 2021 within 30 min of admission, including 20 patients with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) and 20 patients with non-severe acute pancreatitis (NSAP). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the levels of HBP, syndecan-1 and hyaluronic acid (HA). Modified CT severity index (MCTSI), another 20 healthy volunteers were selected as controls (HC). Spearman correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between HBP and syndecan-1, HA and MCTSI. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate HBP to predict AP severity. (2)Animal experiment: The rat model of acute pancreatitis was prepared by intraperitoneal injection of L-arginine. In the normal control group (NC, n=8), the low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) intervention group ( n=8), and the acute pancreatitis group ( AP, n=8), the rats were euthanized 12 h later, and peripheral venous blood was collected to detect the levels of HBP, syndecan-1 and HA. Lung tissue and pancreas tissue were collected to observe the pathological damage, and the polysaccharide coating damage of vascular endothelial cells was observed under a fluoroscopy electron microscope. Results:The level of HBP at admission was significantly higher in the AP group than in the HC group, and the increase in the SAP group was more obvious. Correlation analysis showed that HBP was positively correlated with syndecan-1, HA and MCTSI. Animal studies found that the levels of HBP, syndecan-1 and HA in the AP group were significantly higher than those in the NC group. The pancreatic pathological score showed that the AP group was significantly increased, and the fluoroscopy electron microscope showed that the vascular polysaccharide coating was complete in the NC group, and the structure of the AP group was severely damaged. After LMWH intervention, the structure shedding and damage were significantly reduced, and the difference was statistically significant.Conclusions:HBP can promote the progression of AP, which is related to the destruction of the polysaccharide coating structure of endothelial cells and the increase of vascular permeability caused by HBP.
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Objective: To analyze the mortality trend and characteristics of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) among residents in China from 2004 to 2020. Methods: From the area, gender, region, and age dimensions, the Joinpoint regression model was used to analyze the trend of COPD mortality rate from 2004 to 2020, extracted from the China Death Surveillance Dataset. Results: From 2004 to 2020, the mortality rate and age-adjusted mortality rate of COPD showed a downward trend (AAPC=-3.68%, P<0.001; AAPC=-7.27%, P<0.001), which were consistent with urban and rural subpopulations (mortality rate: AAPC=-3.62%, P=0.009, AAPC=-3.23%, P=0.014; age-adjusted mortality rate: AAPC=-7.26%, P<0.001, AAPC=-6.78%, P<0.001). The mortality rate of COPD in rural was higher than that of urban subpopulations (P<0.001). Also, the mortality rate and age-adjusted mortality rate of COPD showed a downward trend in males and females (mortality rate: AAPC=-3.00%, P<0.001, AAPC=-4.37%, P<0.001; age-adjusted mortality rate: AAPC=-6.73%, P<0.001, AAPC=-8.11%, P<0.001), and the COPD mortality rate for male was generally higher than female (P<0.001). Meanwhile, the mortality rate of COPD in eastern, central and western regions also showed a downward trend (AAPC=-3.87%, P<0.001; AAPC=-3.12%, P<0.001; AAPC=-1.37%, P=0.001), and western regions were significantly higher than that in central (P<0.001) and eastern (P<0.001) regions. The mortality rate of COPD in the age group of Chinese people showed a downward trend in<45, 45-59, and≥60 years groups (AAPC=-9.48%, P<0.001; AAPC=-9.03%, P<0.001; AAPC=-5.91%, P<0.001). Among them,≥60 years groups was significantly higher than that in<45 (P<0.001) and 45-59 (P<0.001) years groups, and the decline rate was slowest. Conclusion: In China, the mortality rate of COPD decreases from 2004 to 2020, and more efforts are needed to reduce COPD mortality, especially in western regions, rural populations, males and the elderly.
Subject(s)
Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Adult , Asian People , China/epidemiology , Mortality , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive , Rural Population , Urban Population摘要
Objective: To analyze the mortality trend and characteristics of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) among residents in China from 2004 to 2020. Methods: From the area, gender, region, and age dimensions, the Joinpoint regression model was used to analyze the trend of COPD mortality rate from 2004 to 2020, extracted from the China Death Surveillance Dataset. Results: From 2004 to 2020, the mortality rate and age-adjusted mortality rate of COPD showed a downward trend (AAPC=-3.68%, P<0.001; AAPC=-7.27%, P<0.001), which were consistent with urban and rural subpopulations (mortality rate: AAPC=-3.62%, P=0.009, AAPC=-3.23%, P=0.014; age-adjusted mortality rate: AAPC=-7.26%, P<0.001, AAPC=-6.78%, P<0.001). The mortality rate of COPD in rural was higher than that of urban subpopulations (P<0.001). Also, the mortality rate and age-adjusted mortality rate of COPD showed a downward trend in males and females (mortality rate: AAPC=-3.00%, P<0.001, AAPC=-4.37%, P<0.001; age-adjusted mortality rate: AAPC=-6.73%, P<0.001, AAPC=-8.11%, P<0.001), and the COPD mortality rate for male was generally higher than female (P<0.001). Meanwhile, the mortality rate of COPD in eastern, central and western regions also showed a downward trend (AAPC=-3.87%, P<0.001; AAPC=-3.12%, P<0.001; AAPC=-1.37%, P=0.001), and western regions were significantly higher than that in central (P<0.001) and eastern (P<0.001) regions. The mortality rate of COPD in the age group of Chinese people showed a downward trend in<45, 45-59, and≥60 years groups (AAPC=-9.48%, P<0.001; AAPC=-9.03%, P<0.001; AAPC=-5.91%, P<0.001). Among them,≥60 years groups was significantly higher than that in<45 (P<0.001) and 45-59 (P<0.001) years groups, and the decline rate was slowest. Conclusion: In China, the mortality rate of COPD decreases from 2004 to 2020, and more efforts are needed to reduce COPD mortality, especially in western regions, rural populations, males and the elderly.
Subject(s)
Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Adult , Asian People , China/epidemiology , Mortality , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive , Rural Population , Urban Population摘要
Aim To investigate the effect of heroin use in male rats of F0 generation on heroin addiction and relapse in rats of Fl generation and the underlying mechanism. Methods Male rats of F0 generation were treated with different doses of heroin (1, 3, 9 mg • kg
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Currently, the resistance of first-line anti-tuberculosis drugs has made the prevention and treatment of tuberculosis increasingly difficult, posing a serious threat to global public health. Several studies have shown that efflux pumps are one of the important causes for bacteria to develop multi-drug resistance and extremely-drug resistance, and efflux pump inhibitors can inhibit the efflux of antibacterial drugs, thereby reducing bacterial drug resistance. Numerous natural products and synthetic compounds have been reported to possess efflux pump inhibitory activity, but they have not been applied in clinical settings because of their toxicity, pharmacokinetic properties, etc. Therefore, we summarized the efflux pump inhibitory activity, antimicrobial activity, and structure-activity relationships of reported efflux pump inhibitors against Mycobacterium tuberculosis in recent years, providing references for the development of new efflux pump inhibitors with better activity and lower toxicity.
摘要
OBJECTIVE@#To explore the therapeutic effect and safety of acupoint thread embedding therapy in treatment of simple obesity of stomach heat and damp obstruction.@*METHODS@#A total of 144 patients with simple obesity of stomach heat and damp obstruction were randomized into an acupoint thread embedding group (72 cases, 3 cases dropped off and 1 case removed) and a sham-embedding group (72 cases, 6 cases dropped off and 3 cases removed). On the base of the lifestyle adjustment, the acupoint thread embedding therapy with PGLA thread was applied to Tianshu (ST 25), Zhongwan (CV 12), Ganshu (BL 18), Shuidao (ST 28), etc. in the acupoint thread embedding group, while in the sham-embedding group, the acupoint selection and operation were all same as the acupoint thread embedding group, but without PGLA thread embedded. In either group, the treatment was given once every 2 weeks, consecutively for 12 weeks and the follow-up was conducted for 3 months after treatment. Separately, before and after treatment as well as in follow-up, the obesity indices (body mass index [BMI], waist circumference [WC], waist-to-hip ratio [WHR] and fat percentage [F%]) were observed in the two groups. Before and after treatment, the indices of blood glucose and insulin (fasting blood glucose [FBG], fasting insulin [FINS] and insulin resistance index [HOMA-IR]), adipocyte factor indices (adiponectin, leptin [LP] and serine protease inhibitor [Vaspin]) and inflammatory factor indices (tumor nercosis factor [TNF-α], interleukin-1β [IL-1β] and interleukin-6 [IL-6]) were observed separately in the two groups. The therapeutic effect and safety were compared between the two groups.@*RESULTS@#After treatment and in follow-up, except WC and WHR in the sham-embedding group, BMI, WC, WHR and F% were all reduced as compared with those before treatment in the two groups (P<0.01, P<0.05), and the values in the acupoint thread embedding group were lower than the sham-embedding group (P<0.01). After treatment, except FBG, LP and Vaspin in the sham-embedding group, FBG, FINS, HOMA-IR, LP and Vaspin were all reduced as compared with those before treatment in the two groups (P<0.01, P<0.05), and adiponectin was increased as compared with that before treatment (P<0.01, P<0.05); the improvements in the acupoint thread embedding group were more significant than the sham-embedding group (P<0.01). After treatment, the levels of serum TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 in the acupoint thread embedding group were reduced as compared with the values before treatment and those in the sham-embedding group separately (P<0.01). The total effective rate was 89.7% (61/68) in the acupoint thread embedding group, higher than 19.0% (12/63) in the sham-embedding group (P<0.01). There was no severe adverse reaction reported in the two groups.@*CONCLUSION@#Acupoint thread embedding therapy with PGLA thread can alleviate obesity, regulate glucose metabolism and adipocyte factors activity, improve insulin resistance and inhibit the expression of pro-inflammatory factors in the patients with simple obesity with stomach heat and damp obstruction, and this therapy presents a satisfactory safety in treatment.
Subject(s)
Humans , Acupuncture Points , Acupuncture Therapy , Body Mass Index , Hot Temperature , Obesity/therapy , Stomach摘要
Objective:To understand the needs, problems and challenges of medical personnel in the hospital for scientific research, propose tailored management measurements and suggestions for the hospital.Methods:The questionnaire was prepared by " Questionnaire Star" , the convenience sampling method was used, and information was collected by WeChat online chat group. Factor analysis and multi-dimensional preference analysis were adopted to analyze information collected.Results:Four main factors that affect the scientific research of medical personnel were identified. The most significant impact is the lack of information platform, followed by the lack of environmental atmosphere, lack of personal capacity and lack of personal interest. The research needs of medical personnel are divided into two categories: one is the more basic skill needs, which are mainly targeted at female, nurses, undergraduates, 5~10 years′ working experiences, medium-grade professional title, and people with no knowledge and experience in research. The other one is the needs of skill improvement, which are mainly targeted at younger, physicians, early career, lower professional titles, and had certain research knowledge.Conclusions:So far, there is a lot of space for improvement. It is recommended to promote the capacity building by training, strengthen the research team building and construct of research communication platform, at the same time, update the scientific research management system.
摘要
Hypertension is the most important risk factor for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases， affecting the structures and functions of important organs of the body， such as the heart， brain， and kidney. At present， the prevalence of hypertension in China remains high. How to effectively curb the incidence of hypertension and reduce target organ damage in patients with hypertension is an urgent challenge that needs to be addressed. Traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）， by virtue of its unique efficacies and advantages， is increasingly applied around the world. In TCM， "wind" is considered as a major constant factor in the development of hypertension. Some scholars believe that hypertension is located in collaterals， and the lesions of collaterals are also important reasons for the occurrence and development of hypertension. Collateral diseases and pathogenic wind are closely related to the development of hypertension as well as target organ damage in the heart， brain， and kidney. From the six-meridian syndrome differentiation for febrile diseases， "collateral" and "wind" are closely related to the Jueyin， with collateral diseases classified into Jueyin diseases and pathogenic wind beginning in the Jueyin. The occurrence， development， and persistence of hypertension are closely related to Jueyin diseases. The present study analyzed the pathogenesis and treatment of hypertension from "collateral" and "wind" of the Jueyin， and specifically discussed the relationship between hypertension and "collateral" and "wind" of the Jueyin. It is believed that the internal depression of wind and fire in the Jueyin results in the upward impulse of liver fire， and the deficiency of Jueyin can trigger the internal movement of liver wind and stirring wind due to collateral deficiency. External contraction in the Jueyin due to the induction of external wind is the important pathogenesis of the development of hypertension and the damage to target organs such as the heart， brain， and kidney. The therapeutic methods for both "collateral" and "wind" were also discussed based on the primary prescription for Jueyin， Wumei Pills. Six-meridian syndrome differentiation can guide the therapeutic principles for all diseases and inspire posterity. Exploring the pathogenesis and treatment of hypertension from “collateral" and "wind" of the Jueyin is of great significance in guiding the prevention and treatment of hypertension， reducing target organ damage in patients with hypertension， and improving the prognosis of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.