摘要
In the management of public hospital,there are many methods to supervise,mainly divided into exter-nal supervision and internal management,aiming to improve the quality of medical management.With the develop-ment and progress of society,many hospitals are not only ensuring medical quality,but also continuously improving patients'humanistic care during medical treatment.As non-medical professionals,external supervisors,from the perspective of bystanders,provide reasonable suggestions to hospitals,which can help them better improve their medical experience during the medical service process.
摘要
The use of tyrosine kinase inhibitors （TKI） has been an important advance in the systemic treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma， but their sustained anti-angiogenic therapy leads to increased tumor hypoxia， accelerates the development of a hypoxic microenvironment and promotes the expressions of hypoxia-inducible factors （HIF）， thereby inducing drug resistance of tumor patients to TKI. This paper summarizes the mechanism of action of HIF mediating TKI resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma in aspects of metabolic reprogramming， abnormal expressions of cancer and cancer-associated genes， and ferroptosis， and sorts resistance response strategies to provide reference for clinical solutions to TKI resistance issues. As results show， HIF/ glycolysis axis inhibitors （isoflavonoid genistein， simvastatin， etc.） can improve TKI resistance based on metabolic reprogramming mechanism； oncogene-targeted inhibitors combined with TKI （the combination of capsaicin and sorafenib） can improve TKI resistance based on abnormal expression of cancer and cancer-related genes； fatty acid synthase inhibitor （orlistat） can improve TKI resistance based on ferroptosis mechanism.
摘要
Objective To investigate the correlation between gene polymorphisms of coagulation factor Ⅻ(FⅫ)rs1801020 and resistin rs1862513 and unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion(URSA).Methods A total of 189 patients diagnosed with URSA and 191 healthy postpartum women during the same period were selected from the obstetric clinic of Changning Maternity and Infant Health Hospital from January 2020 to December 2022.The probe PCR was used to detect gene polymorphisms of rs1801020 and rs1862513 in peripheral blood,and the differences in genotype distribution between the groups were observed.Results The frequencies of geno-types and alleles for F Ⅻ rs1801020 in the URSA-A group were 4.9％(CC),35.7％(CT),59.5％(TT),22.7％(C),and 77.3％(T),respectively.In the control A group,the frequencies were 8.0％(CC),47.1％(CT),44.9％(TT),31.5％(C)and 68.5％(T).The frequencies of genotypes and alleles for resistin rs1862513 in the URSA-B group were 11.3％(CC),47.3％(CG),41.4％(GG),34.9％(C)and 65.1％(G).In the control B group,the frequencies were 10.2％(CC),34.1％(CG),55.7％(GG),27.3％(C)and 72.7％(G).There was no significant difference in genotype frequency of the two loci(P＞0.05),but there was a sig-nificant difference in allele frequency(P＜0.05).The distribution frequency of F Ⅻ rs1801020 T allele in the URSA group was higher than that in the control group(X2=6.32,OR=1.567,95％CI:1.100-2.238,P=0.012).The distribution frequency of resistin rs1862513 G allele in URSA group was lower than that in con-trol group(X2=4.96,OR=1.433,95％CI:1.050-1.969,P=0.026).The mutation of F Ⅻ rs1801020 C to T was a risk factor for the occurrence of URSA,while the mutation of rs1862513 C to G was a protective factor for the occurrence of URSA(P＜0.05).The combined genotype analysis showed that compared to the popu-lation carrying the rs1801020 CC+rs1862513 CC genotype combination,the population carrying the rs1801020 TT+rs1862513 CG genotype had a significantly higher risk of URSA(OR=5.684,95％CI:1.210-30.920,P=0.035).Conclusion FⅫ rs1801020 T allele may increase the risk of URSA and resistin rs1862513 G al-lele may the risk of URSA.People with rs1801020 TT+rs1862513 CG genotype combination is more likely to develop URSA than those with rs1801020 CC+rs1862513 CC genotype combination.
摘要
Objective:To study the correlation of uridine diphosphate glucuronosyl transferase 1A1(UGT1A1) gene polymorphism and neonatal hyperbilirubinemia among Dai ethnic group in Yunnan province.Methods:From January 2020 to December 2022, Dai neonates with unexplained neonatal hyperbilirubinemia admitted to three hospitals in Yunnan Province were prospectively enrolled into the hyperbilirubinemia group. Neonates hospitalized during the same period without hyperbilirubinemia were selected as the control group. The serum total bilirubin levels were measured and UGT1A1 gene sequencing was performed in all neonates. The differences of genotype frequency and allele frequency of UGT1A1 gene in the two groups were analyzed. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the effects of each mutation on hyperbilirubinemia among Dai neonates.Results:A total of 92 neonates were in the hyperbilirubinemia group and 86 in the control group. No significant differences existed between the two groups on following items: gender, age at admission, gestational age (GA), birth weight (BW), feeding pattern, white blood cell count (WBC) and hemoglobin level ( P>0.05).Three mutation loci were detected in the hyperbilirubinemia group (c.211G>A, c.1091C>T and c.1456T>G), with frequencies 45.7%, 3.3% and 2.2%, respectively. Two mutation loci were detected in the control group (c.211G>A and c.1091C>T), with frequencies 17.4% and 1.2%. Correlation analysis showed that c.211G>A frequency (45.7%) and A allele frequency (23.9%) in the hyperbilirubinemia group were significantly higher than the control group ( P<0.05). No significant differences existed in the frequencies of c.1091C>T and c.1456T>G between the two groups ( P>0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that c.211G>A was risk factor of unexplained neonatal hyperbilirubinemia in Dai neonates ( OR=3.976, 95% CI 1.991-7.941). Conclusions:The most common mutation of UGT1A1 gene in Chinese Dai neonates with unexplained neonatal hyperbilirubinemia in Yunnan Province is c.211G>A, which increases the risk of hyperbilirubinemia.
摘要
Purpose/Significance To conduct the real world research on the application and impact of artificial intelligence(AI)technology in medical institutions,and to assist in intelligent governance decision-making in the field of medicine and health.Method/Process Taking Peking University Third Hospital as the research scene,the AI medical social experiment is carried out through literature meta-analysis,knowledge graph construction and mixed methodology research.Result/Conclusion Scholars at home and abroad are cautious and optimistic about the application of AI technology in the field of health.The research,development and application of AI technology in domestic public hospitals are very active,but small-scale field studies suggest that AI technology may lead to problems such as misleading decision-making and weakening of human subjectivity while improving the efficiency of diagnosis and treatment.In-telligent governance in the field of health,represented by AI technology,requires a long period and a wide range of sociological observa-tions.It is recommended to build a research base for medical AI technology R&D and supervision based on public hospitals,and continue to pay attention to issues such as human subjectivity,medical ethics and scientific and technological ethics in AI social governance.
摘要
OBJECTIVE To study the pharmacological basis of Schisandra chinensis in the treatment of allergic asthma. METHODS The common components of 10 batches of S. chinensis from different habitats were analyzed by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS. Furthermore， the allergic asthma model was established by intraperitoneal injection of ovalbumin （OVA） and aluminum hydroxide for stimulation combined with atomization exitation； general behavioral observation and the contents of interferon γ （IFN-γ）， interleukin-4 （IL-4） and immunoglobulin E （IgE） in serum were taken as criteria for evaluating the therapeutic effect of S. chinensis from different habitats in the treatment of allergic asthma. Correlation coefficients between common peak area and efficacy evaluation index of each batch of medicinal material were analyzed through grey correlation degree and Pearson correlation analysis. RESULTS A total of 21 common components were identified in 10 batches of S. chinensis from different habitats. After administration of S. chinensis， symptoms such as shortness of breath， sneezing and curling of rats were alleviated. In addition， the content of IFN-γ was significantly increased while the contents of IL-4 and IgE in serum were distinctly decreased （P＜0.01）. Grey correlation analysis showed that 11 common components had high correlation coefficients with IFN-γ， IL-4 and IgE （rˉ＞0.8）. Pearson correlation analysis showed that 8 components were significantly positively correlated with the content of IFN-γ （P＜ 0.05）， and 9， 8 components were significantly negatively correlated with the content of IL-4 and IgE （P＜0.05）. Based on the results of grey correlation degree and Pearson correlation analysis， 7 components such as peak 3， 4， 6， 7， 9， 19 and 20， were highly related to S. chinensis in the treatment of allergic asthma. CONCLUSIONS Schisandrol A， schisandrin B， schisandrin C， gomisin M2， gomisin J， pregomisin and angeloylgomisin H are the potential pharmacodynamic substance basis of S. chinensis in the treatment of allergic asthma.
摘要
Diabetic kidney disease is an important microvascular complication of diabetes and the leading cause of end-stage renal disease. Its pathological characteristics mainly include epithelial mesenchymal transition(EMT) in glomerulus, podocyte apoptosis and autophagy, and damage of glomerular filtration barrier. Transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β)/Smad signaling pathway is specifically regulated by a variety of mechanisms, and is a classic pathway involved in physiological activities such as apoptosis, proliferation and differentiation. At present, many studies have found that TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway plays a key role in the pathogenesis of diabetic kidney disease. Traditional Chinese medicine has significant advantages in the treatment of diabetic kidney disease for its multi-component, multi-target and multi-pathway characteristics, and some traditional Chinese medicine extracts, traditional Chinese medicines and traditional Chinese medicine compound prescription improve the renal injury of diabetic kidney disease by regulating TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway. This study clarified the mechanism of TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway in diabetic kidney disease by expounding the relationship between the key targets of the pathway and diabetic kidney disease, and summarized the research progress of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of diabetic kidney disease by interfering with TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway in recent years, to provide reference for drug research and clinical treatment of diabetic kidney disease in the future.
Subject(s)
Humans , Diabetic Nephropathies/genetics , Medicine, Chinese Traditional , Kidney/pathology , Transforming Growth Factor beta/metabolism , Signal Transduction , Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition , Smad Proteins/metabolism , Transforming Growth Factor beta1/metabolism , Diabetes Mellitus/genetics摘要
Objective To observe the value of micro flow imaging(MFI)for diagnosing closed liver trauma in pigs.Methods A self-made impactor was used to impact the liver of 15 healthy pigs under general anesthesia and establish pig models of closed liver trauma.Conventional ultrasound,MFI and contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS)were used to observe the location,extent and degree of liver trauma.Afterwards,the pigs were executed and the livers were removed,and the liver lesions were observed.According gross pathological findings,the diagnostic efficacy of MFI was analyzed.Results Gross pathology showed a total of 29 liver traumas in 15 pigs.The accuracy rate of conventional ultrasound,MFI and CEUS for diagnosing liver trauma in pigs was 37.93％(11/29),82.76％(24/29)and 96.55％(28/29),respectively.Significant difference was found between conventional ultrasound and MFI,also between conventional ultrasound and CEUS(both P＜0.05),but not between MFI and CEUS(P＞0.05).MFI showed no obvious blood flow signal in more than half pig liver trauma sites,while showed"spring like"in 1 pig and scattered blood flow signals in 5 pigs.On CEUS,liver trauma sites in pigs present as low or no perfusion,while"jet like"contrast agent overflow from the liver was noticed in 1 pig and"spring like"contrast agent overflow in 5 pigs,forming liquid dark areas around the liver or in abdominal cavity.Conclusion MFI had certain value for diagnosing closed liver trauma in pigs,hence being comparable to CEUS.
摘要
Objective To study the changes in intestinal structure and function of Parkinson's dis-ease(PD)model in cynomolgus monkeys so as to provide scientific basis for exploring the mecha-nism and intervention of constipation and other intestinal symptoms in PD patients.Methods Six male cynomolgus monkeys were subjected,and three of them received intracarotid injection of MPTP for manifestations of typical PD motor symptoms.The monkeys with the Kurlan score reached 10 and persisting for over 3 months without abrogation were identified as PD model(PD group).The other three monkeys served as control group.The brain and ileum tissue samples were collected from the two groups of monkeys.Immunohistochemical staining with tyrosine hydroxy-lase(TH)was used to determine the number of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra of the brain and the changes in peripheral TH of the intestine.HE staining was employed to observe the structure of the intestine.Intestinal permeability was evaluated by atresia occlusive zone pro-tein 1(ZO-1),and intestinal peristalsis function was assessed with intestinal pacemaker cell bio-markers oncogene c-kit and protein gene product 9.5(PGP9.5).Results When compared with the control group,the PD group had significantly less number of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons in the left and right sides(133.13±108.63 vs 957.21±225.56,t=5.705,P=0.005;155.74±62.48 vs 917.52±161.14,t=7.611,P=0.002),lower expression of TH in the ileal intermuscular plexus(0.79±0.01 vs 0.73±0.01,t=5.149,P=0.007),reduced villus density with irregular arrange-ment,scattered structure,and detachment of goblet cells,and increased expression of ZO-1(0.28± 0.01 vs 0.22±0.02,P=0.006)and c-kit(0.21±0.01 vs 0.18±0.01,P=0.007)in the ileum muco-sa,but there was no such difference in the expression of PGP9.5 between the two groups(0.31± 0.08 vs 0.38±0.06,P=0.322).Conclusion Intestinal barrier integrity is damaged in PD mon-keys,with damaged villi,increased intestinal permeability and decreased peristalsis,and peristaltic function related intermuscular neurons are not involved.
摘要
Objective:To study the clinical application of jejunal feeding tube (J-tube) for early enteral nutrition after surgical treatment of upper digestive tract malformation in newborns.Methods:From January 2019 to December 2021, newborns with upper digestive tract malformation received stage Ⅰ small bowel resection and anastomosis in our hospital were enrolled in this prospective randomized controlled study. According to different types of postoperative nutritional support, these patients were randomly assigned into J-tube group and control group using block randomization method. The J-tube group were given enteral nutrition vis J-tube within 48-72 h after surgery and the control group were given oral feeding after the recovery of gastrointestinal function. Calories and proteins intake, growth indicators, duration of hospital stay and parenteral nutrition, time needed for full oral feeding and complications were compared between the two groups.Results:A total of 24 patients were in J-tube group and 28 in controlled group. No significant differences existed on the general status between the two groups ( P>0.05). The average daily intake of calories and proteins in j-tube group in the first week after surgery were significantly higher than control group [(108.7±8.3) kcal/(kg·d) vs. (97.9±7.0) kcal/(kg·d), (3.4±0.3) g/(kg·d) vs. (3.1±0.2) g/(kg·d)] ( P<0.05). No significant differences existed in the average daily intake of calories and proteins during the second postoperative week between the two groups ( P>0.05). Compared with control group,J-tube group showed increased growth velocity in head circumference and weight over time ( P<0.05), while the trend over time in length growth was not significant ( P>0.05). No significant differences existed in the duration of hospital stay and parenteral nutrition, time needed for full oral feeding and complications between the two groups ( P>0.05). Conclusions:Enteral nutrition via J-tube 48-72 h after surgery is safe and feasible in the postoperative nutritional management of newborns with upper digestive tract malformation. This strategy may promote physical growth after surgery without increasing the incidences of complications.
摘要
Preeclampsia is a kind of idiopathic disease during pregnancy. Its pathogenesis may involve many factors, such as mother, placenta and fetus. The study found that the abnormal metabolism of blood glucose and blood lipid during pregnancy may be closely related to the onset of preeclampsia. This paper reviews the research progress of abnormal glycolipid metabolism in preeclampsia at home and abroad in order to better guide the management of related aspects during pregnancy.
摘要
Objective:To study the operation pattern and valuable experiences of the internationally renowned Proof-of-Concept Center(PoCC), and to improve the construction and management of PoCC in clinical medicine of our country.Methods:The data of basic structure, operation model, and performance in the health field of major PoCCs in the United States and Europe were compiled by literature review, policy combing, and official website search, and analyzed and summarized in combination with the basic national conditions and our practical experience.Results:The fundamental function of a PoCC consists of research and development support, science and technology evaluation, and communication services. The key points of building a PoCC include clear targets of service, widely opened resources, diversified operation patterns, and professional personnel.Conclusions:In China, PoCCs in the clinical medicine field could be built upon public hospitals with the full participation of physicians. Interdisciplinary cooperation, flexible mechanism, and versatile talents in technical management are also essential.
摘要
To explore the process management strategies of standardized residency training based on the development of information management platform, combining with the management practices, this study has sorted out and analyzed process management contents, and integrated process management concepts and contents into the development of information management platform. The development of information management platform taking the process management as the core has contributed to the update and implementation of standardized residency training policies, building of a multi-role interactive bridge, guarantee of information accuracy, and promotion of the construction of quality assurance system, thus providing an effective tool to ensure the quality of training, which is of great significance to cultivate outstanding physicians.
摘要
With the deepening of China′s medical reform, in order to further improve the utilization efficiency of medical resources, public hospitals have actively explored the establishment of different forms of hospital groups, made many useful attempts in the group operation mode, and accumulated a lot of experience. Taking the group construction practice of Peking University Third Hospital as an example, the authors probed into effective implementation paths for group construction of public hospitals from the aspects of management mode, governance structure, resource sharing, homogeneous management among others. By creating a management model of compact hospital districts, compact community health service centers, and semi compact trusteeship branches, the group had constantly refined the development path of discipline construction, and promoted the comprehensive integration and development of medicine, education, research. On such basis, the group had paved a solid and effective path in the aspects of expanding the influence of the hospital, and promoting the implementation of hierarchical medical service, for references in high-quality development of public hospitals.
摘要
Objective:To explore the development path of improving the intangible assets management, and promoting science and technology transfer of public hospitals.Methods:Analyze and summarize problems and challenges in the identification and disposal of intangible assets related to scientific and technological achievements in the process of technology transfer based on policy research, literature review and practical experience reflection.Results:So far, the identification and measurement norms of intangible assets are not operable enough. Assets evaluation remains controversial and nonstandard.Conclusions:It is recommended to improve the management systems of science and technology transfer and related financial affairs including strengthening the awareness of intangible assets protection, standardizing the management system of intangible assets and optimizing the informatization construction of financial management.
摘要
ObjectiveTo observe the therapeutic effect of Yiyuan Qiwei pills （YYQW） on diabetes mellitus-induced induced erectile dysfunction （DMED） in rats and explore its regulation on the nitric oxide （NO）-cyclic guanosine monophosphate （cGMP） signaling pathway. MethodFifty-five healthy SD male rats of clean grade aged 2-3 months underwent intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin （STZ） to induce the DMED model， and another 10 healthy SD male rats of clean grade aged 2-3 months were assigned to the control group. The model rats were randomly divided into a model group， a sildenafil group （5 mg·kg-1， ig）， and low-， medium-， and high-dose YYQW groups （1.5， 3.0， 6.0 g·kg-1， ig）. The rats in the model group and the control group were given normal saline by gavage at 10 mL·kg-1， once a day for two months. After intervention， the penile erectile function of rats in each group was measured by a pressure detection system. The pathological changes and ultrastructure of penile corpus cavernosum were observed by hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining and transmission electron microscopy， respectively. The level of NO in the corpus cavernosum was detected by nitrate reductase. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） was used to detect the levels of cGMP and advanced glycation end products （AGEs）. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR） was used to detect the mRNA expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase （eNOS）， neurogenic nitric oxide synthase （nNOS）， total nitric oxide synthase （NOS）， and phosphodiesterase type5 （PDE5） in rat penile tissues. The expression of above proteins was detected by Western blot. ResultCompared with the control group， the model group showed decreased intracavernous pressure （ICP）， NO， and cGMP levels， reduced mRNA and protein expression of nNOS and NOS， and increased PDE5 mRNA and protein expression （P<0.05）. Compared with the model group， the sildenafil group and the YYQW groups displayed increased ICP， NO， and cGMP levels， elevated mRNA and protein expression levels of nNOS and NOS， and reduced PDE5 mRNA and protein expression levels （P<0.05）. There were no pathological changes in the tissues and cell ultrastructure of the corpus cavernosum in the control group， while serious pathological changes were observed in the model group. Additionally， the sildenafil group and the YYQW groups were superior to the model group， the optimal effect was observed in the high-dose YYQW group. ConclusionYYQW can improve the penile erectile function of DMED rats and reduce the pathological damage of corpus cavernosum. The mechanism may be related to the promotion of nNOS and NOS expression， the inhibition of PDE5 expression， and the activation of the NO/cGMP signaling pathway.
摘要
ObjectiveTo observe the therapeutic effect of Yiyuan Qiwei pills （YYQW） on diabetes mellitus-induced induced erectile dysfunction （DMED） in rats and explore its regulation on the nitric oxide （NO）-cyclic guanosine monophosphate （cGMP） signaling pathway. MethodFifty-five healthy SD male rats of clean grade aged 2-3 months underwent intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin （STZ） to induce the DMED model， and another 10 healthy SD male rats of clean grade aged 2-3 months were assigned to the control group. The model rats were randomly divided into a model group， a sildenafil group （5 mg·kg-1， ig）， and low-， medium-， and high-dose YYQW groups （1.5， 3.0， 6.0 g·kg-1， ig）. The rats in the model group and the control group were given normal saline by gavage at 10 mL·kg-1， once a day for two months. After intervention， the penile erectile function of rats in each group was measured by a pressure detection system. The pathological changes and ultrastructure of penile corpus cavernosum were observed by hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining and transmission electron microscopy， respectively. The level of NO in the corpus cavernosum was detected by nitrate reductase. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） was used to detect the levels of cGMP and advanced glycation end products （AGEs）. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR） was used to detect the mRNA expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase （eNOS）， neurogenic nitric oxide synthase （nNOS）， total nitric oxide synthase （NOS）， and phosphodiesterase type5 （PDE5） in rat penile tissues. The expression of above proteins was detected by Western blot. ResultCompared with the control group， the model group showed decreased intracavernous pressure （ICP）， NO， and cGMP levels， reduced mRNA and protein expression of nNOS and NOS， and increased PDE5 mRNA and protein expression （P<0.05）. Compared with the model group， the sildenafil group and the YYQW groups displayed increased ICP， NO， and cGMP levels， elevated mRNA and protein expression levels of nNOS and NOS， and reduced PDE5 mRNA and protein expression levels （P<0.05）. There were no pathological changes in the tissues and cell ultrastructure of the corpus cavernosum in the control group， while serious pathological changes were observed in the model group. Additionally， the sildenafil group and the YYQW groups were superior to the model group， the optimal effect was observed in the high-dose YYQW group. ConclusionYYQW can improve the penile erectile function of DMED rats and reduce the pathological damage of corpus cavernosum. The mechanism may be related to the promotion of nNOS and NOS expression， the inhibition of PDE5 expression， and the activation of the NO/cGMP signaling pathway.
摘要
ObjectiveTo observe the effects of Hedysarum polysaccharides（HPS）on the signaling pathways of B-cell lymphoma 2 （Bcl-2）， cysteinyl aspartate-specific protease 3 （Caspase-3）， and Bcl-2-associated X protein （Bax） in Schwann cells（SCs）cultured in high glucose，and explore the possible mechanism of HPS against diabetic peripheral neuropathy（DPN）. MethodFour SD suckling mice aged 5-7 days were randomly divided into a normal group，a high-glucose group，an HPS + high-glucose group，and an α-lipoic acid（α-LA）+ high-glucose group. SCs were extracted from the sciatic nerve and cultured in a 37 ℃，5% CO2 incubator. After the cells reached 80% confluence，Cell Counting Kit-8（CCK-8）was used to screen the experimental concentrations suitable for high glucose，HPS， and α-LA interventions. Western blot and Real-time polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR）were used to detect the protein and mRNA expression of Bcl-2，Bax，and Caspase-3. The apoptosis rate of SCs was detected by flow cytometry using Annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate （FITC）/propidium iodide （PI）. ResultAs revealed by Western blot and real-time PCR，compared with the normal group，the high-glucose group showed reduced protein and mRNA expression of Bcl-2 and increased protein and mRNA expression of Bax and Caspase-3（P<0.01）. Compared with the high-glucose group，the HPS + high-glucose group and the α-LA + high-glucose group showed increased protein and mRNA expression of Bcl-2 and decreased protein and mRNA expression of Bax and Caspase-3（P<0.01）. As displayed by the results of flow cytometry using Annexin V/PI， compared with the normal group，the high-glucose group showed increased apoptosis rate；compared with the high-glucose group，the HPS + high-glucose group and the α-LA + high-glucose group showed reduced apoptosis rate（P<0.01）. ConclusionHPS can alleviate the apoptotic response of SCs，and its mechanism may be related to the inhibition of the activation of the Bcl-2/Caspase-3 signaling pathway.
摘要
ObjectiveTo improve the current standard of Belladonnae Herba in the 2020 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia. MethodTaking hyoscyamine sulfate， atropine sulfate and scopoletin as reference substances， and ethyl acetate-methanol-concentrated ammonia（17∶4∶2）as developing solvent， thin layer chromatography （TLC） was applied in the qualitative identification of Belladonnae Herba. The moisture， total ash and ethanol-soluble extract of Belladonnae Herba were determined based on the general principles in the 2020 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia （volume Ⅳ）. The contents of hyoscyamine sulfate and scopolamine hydrobromide were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography （HPLC） with mobile phase of acetonitrile-54 mmol·L-1 phosphate buffer solution （14∶86）， flow rate of 1.0 mL·min-1 and detection wavelength at 210 nm. ResultThe spots in the TLC were clear with good separation and specificity. Hyoscyamine sulfate and scopolamine hydrobromide showed a good linearity with peak area in the range of 0.024 7-0.789 6 g·L-1 （r=0.999 9） and 0.003 9-0.124 0 g·L-1 （r=0.999 9）， the average recoveries of these two ingredients were 100.29% （RSD 1.6%） and 99.04% （RSD 1.4%）， respectively. The limits for moisture， total ash in Belladonnae Herba should be less than 13.0% and the limit for the ethanol-soluble extract should be more than 10.0%. Due to the low content and wide variation of scopolamine hydrobromide， the content of hyoscyamine sulfate should not be less than 0.098%. ConclusionThe established method is simple， specific and reproducible， which can be used to improve the quality control standard of Belladonnae Herba.
摘要
In the development of chemo-immunotherapy, many efforts have been focusing on designing suitable carriers to realize the co-delivery of chemotherapeutic and immunotherapeutic with different physicochemical properties and mechanisms of action. Besides, rapid drug release at the tumor site with minimal drug degradation is also essential to facilitate the antitumor effect in a short time. Here, we reported a cancer cell membrane-coated pH-responsive nanogel (NG@M) to co-deliver chemotherapeutic paclitaxel (PTX) and immunotherapeutic agent interleukin-2 (IL-2) under mild conditions for combinational treatment of triple-negative breast cancer. In the designed nanogels, the synthetic copolymer PDEA-co-HP-β-cyclodextrin-co-Pluronic F127 and charge reversible polymer dimethylmaleic anhydride-modified polyethyleneimine endowed nanogels with excellent drug-loading capacity and rapid responsive drug-releasing behavior under acidic tumor microenvironment. Benefited from tumor homologous targeting capacity, NG@M exhibited 4.59-fold higher accumulation at the homologous tumor site than heterologous cancer cell membrane-coated NG. Rapidly released PTX and IL-2 enhanced the maturation of dendritic cells and quickly activated the antitumor immune response in situ, followed by prompted infiltration of immune effector cells. By the combined chemo-immunotherapy, enhanced antitumor effect and efficient pulmonary metastasis inhibition were achieved with a prolonged median survival rate (39 days).