Recent advances in lamellar liquid crystal emulsification methods encapsulating natural active substances for functional cosmetics / 药学学报

Due to the high similarity with the lipid layer between human skin keratinocytes, functional cosmetics with layered liquid crystal structure prepared by liquid crystal emulsification technology encapsulating natural active substances have become a hot research topic in recent years. This type of functional cosmetic often has a fresh and natural skin feel, excellent skin barrier repair function and efficient moisturizing effect, etc., showing great potential in cosmetic application. However, the present research on the application of liquid crystal emulsification technology to functional cosmetics is still in the initial stage, and there are fewer relevant reports with reference values. Based on the mentioned above, this review provides a comprehensive summary of functional cosmetics with layered liquid crystal structures prepared by liquid crystal emulsification technology from the following aspects: the structure of human skin, the composition of lamellar liquid crystal, the advantages of liquid crystal emulsification technology containing natural active substances used in the field of functional cosmetics, the preparation process, main components, influencing factors during the preparation and the market functional cosmetics with lamellar liquid crystal structure. Finally, the prospect of the application of liquid crystal emulsification technology in functional cosmetics is presented, to provide useful references for those engaged in the research of liquid crystal emulsification technology-related functional cosmetics.

Single-Lung Ventilation in Infants for Surgical Repair of Coarctation of The Aorta Without Cardiopulmonary Bypass

ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the effect of improving the operative field and postoperative atelectasis of single-lung ventilation (SLV) in the surgical repair of coarctation of the aorta (CoA) in infants without the use of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study. The clinical data of 28 infants (aged 1 to 4 months, weighing between 4.2 and 6 kg) who underwent surgical repair of CoA without CPB from January 2019 to May 2022 were analyzed. Fourteen infants received SLV with a bronchial blocker (Group S), and the other 14 infants received routine endotracheal intubation and bilateral lung ventilation (Group R). Results: In comparison to Group R, Group S exhibited improved exposure of the operative field, a lower postoperative atelectasis score (P<0.001), reduced prevalence of hypoxemia (P=0.01), and shorter durations of operation, mechanical ventilation, and ICU stay (P=0.01, P<0.001, P=0.03). There was no difference in preoperative information or perioperative respiratory and circulatory indicators before SLV, 10 minutes after SLV, and 10 minutes after the end of SLV between the two groups (P>0.05). Intraoperative bleeding, intraoperative positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP), and systolic pressure gradient across the coarctation after operation were also not different between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion: This study demonstrates that employing SLV with a bronchial blocker is consistent with enhanced operative field, reduced operation duration, lower prevalence of intraoperative hypoxemia, and fewer postoperative complications during the surgical repair of CoA in infants without the use of CPB.

Progress in research on pyroptosis and its role in hepatocellular carcinoma / 中国生物制品学杂志

@#Abstract：Pyroptosis is a new programmed cell death mode，which plays a dual role in the pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma（HCC）. On the one hand，inflammasomes causing pyroptosis and inflammatory mediators released during cell pyroptosis promote the occurrence and development of HCC；On the other hand，pyroptosis can inhibit the proliferation， metastasis and invasion of HCC cells. With the deepening of research，the role of pyroptosis in HCC has become increasingly prominent. This paper reviews the potential effects of pyroptosis on the progression of HCC and its role in anticancer therapy. Keywords：Pyroptosis；Inflammasome；Hepatocellular carcinoma（HCC）；Gasdermin D（GSDMD）

Advances in the diagnosis and treatment of retinal artery macroaneurysms / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

Retinal arterial macroaneurysm(RAM)is a kind of acquired retinal vascular disorder. The pathogenesis of RAM is not yet clear, and it is associated with some systemic conditions, including hypertension, arteriosclerosis and hyperlipidemia. RAM is prone to exudation or bleeding, leading to some other complications in the condition of hypertension due to the weak tube wall, and its clinical manifestations are complex and diverse, which makes it difficult to diagnose. RAM itself has a tendency of self-degeneration, and the prognosis of visual acuity is good if the lesion doesn't involve the macular area. However, when the macula is affected by exudation and/or bleeding, the vision is severely affected and some feasible treatments are needed. Understanding the typical imaging manifestations of RAM is helpful to make a definite diagnosis and give corresponding treatment measures. In this paper, the manifestations of RAM by various examination methods are reviewed and the corresponding treatments of different types of RAM are summarized, aiming to provide reference for the early diagnosis and treatment of RAM in the future.

Bone Marrow Adipocytes Promote the Survival of Multiple Myeloma Cells and Up-Regulate Their Chemoresistance / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the effect of adipocytes in the bone marrow microenvironment of patients with multiple myeloma (MM) on the pathogenesis of MM.@*METHODS@#Bone marrow adipocytes (BMA) in bone marrow smears of health donors (HD) and newly diagnosed MM (ND-MM) patients were evaluated with oil red O staining. The mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) from HD and ND-MM patients were isolated, and in vitro co-culture assay was used to explore the effects of MM cells on the adipogenic differentiation of MSC and the role of BMA in the survival and drug resistance of MM cells. The expression of adipogenic/osteogenic differentiation-related genes PPAR-γ, DLK1, DGAT1, FABP4, FASN and ALP both in MSC and MSC-derived adipocytes was determined with real-time quantitative PCR. The Western blot was employed to detect the expression levels of IL-6, IL-10, SDF-1α, TNF-α and IGF-1 in the supernatant with or without PPAR-γ inhibitor.@*RESULTS@#The results of oil red O staining of bone marrow smears showed that BMA increased significantly in patients of ND-MM compared with the normal control group, and the BMA content was related to the disease status. The content of BMA decreased in the patients with effective chemotherapy. MM cells up-regulated the expression of MSC adipogenic differentiation-related genes PPAR-γ, DLK1, DGAT1, FABP4 and FASN, but the expression of osteogenic differentiation-related gene ALP was significantly down-regulated. This means that the direct consequence of the interaction between MM cells and MSC in the bone marrow microenvironment is to promote the differentiation of MSC into adipocytes at the expense of osteoblasts, and the cytokines detected in supernatant changed. PPAR-γ inhibitor G3335 could partially reverse the release of cytokines by BMA. Those results confirmed that BMA regulated the release of cytokines via PPAR-γ signal, and PPAR-γ inhibitor G3335 could distort PPAR-γ mediated BMA maturation and cytokines release. The increased BMA and related cytokines effectively promoted the proliferation, migration and drug resistance of MM cells.@*CONCLUSION@#The BMA and its associated cytokines are the promoting factors in the survival, proliferation and migration of MM cells. BMA can protect MM cells from drug-induced apoptosis and plays an important role in MM treatment failure and disease progression.

Mutational Spectrum and Prognosis Analysis of Young Patients with Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Based on Next-Generation Sequencing / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the mutational spectrum in young patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) based on next generation sequencing (NGS), and to provide a basis for in-depth understanding of the molecular biological characteristics and accurate prognosis of young DLBCL.@*METHODS@#From March 2009 to March 2021, 68 young DLBCL patients with complete initial diagnosis data from the Department of Hematology, The People's Hospital Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region were retrospectively analyzed, and their paraffin-embedded tissues were subjected to targeted sequencing analysis by NGS technology (including 475 Target genes), and the differences in gene mutation profiles and signaling pathways between high-risk patients with aaIPI ≥2 and low-intermediate risk patients with aaIPI <2 were compared.@*RESULTS@#A total of 44 high-frequency mutation genes were detected in 68 young DLBCL patients. By comparing the high-frequency mutation genes in aaIPI high-risk group and low-intermediate risk group, it was found that CARD11 mutation in aaIPI high-risk group was significantly higher than that in low-intermediate risk group (P =0.002), while MGA mutation (P =0.037) only appeared in the aaIPI high-risk group, and SPEN mutation (P =0.004) only appeared in the aaIPI low-intermediate risk group. The high-frequency mutation genes and clinical indicators of the aaIPI high-risk group were included in the survival analysis, and the results showed that TP53 (P =0.009, P =0.027), POU2AF1 (P =0.003, P =0.006) and CCND3 (P =0.040, P =0.014) genes mutations were associated with worse PFS and OS, while B2M was associated with better PFS (P =0.014) and OS (P =0.013). Multivariate COX regression analysis showed that the TP53, POU2AF1 and CCND3 were independent risk factors for PFS（P ＝0.021，P =0.005，P =0.020） and OS（P ＝0.042，P =0.010，P =0.013）.@*CONCLUSION@#The aaIPI staging combination with molecular biology markers is more conducive to accurately judging the prognosis of young DLBCL patients. TP53, POU2AF1 and CCND3 mutations predict worse survival in the patients with the aaIPI high-risk group.

Differential transcription of mating-type genes during sexual reproduction of natural Cordyceps sinensis / 中国中药杂志

Natural Cordyceps sinensis as an insect-fungal complex, which is developed after Ophiocordyceps sinensis infects a larva of Hepialidae family. Seventeen genotypes of O. sinensis have been identified in natural C. sinensis. This paper summarized the literature reports and GenBank database regarding occurrence and transcription of the mating-type genes of MAT1-1 and MAT1-2 idiomorphs in natural C. sinensis, in Hirsutella sinensis(GC-biased Genotype #1 of O. sinensis), to infer the mating pattern of O. sinensis in the lifecycle of natural C. sinensis. The mating-type genes and transcripts of MAT1-1 and MAT1-2 idiomorphs were identified in the metagenomes and metatranscriptomes of natural C. sinensis. However, their fungal sources are unclear because of co-colonization of several genotypes of O. sinensis and multiple fungal species in natural C. sinensis. The mating-type genes of MAT1-1 and MAT1-2 idiomorphs were differentially present in 237 H. sinensis strains, constituting the genetic control of the O. sinensis reproduction. Transcriptional control of the O. sinensis reproduction includes: differential transcription or silencing of the mating-type genes of MAT1-1 and MAT1-2 idiomorphs, and the MAT1-2-1 transcript with unspliced intron I that contains 3 stop codons. Research on the H. sinensis transcriptome demonstrated differential and complementary transcriptions of the mating-type genes of MAT1-1 and MAT1-2 idiomorphs in Strains L0106 and 1229, which may become mating partners to accomplish physiological heterothallism. The differential occurrence and transcription of the mating-type genes in H. sinensis are inconsistent with the self-fertilization hypothesis under homothallism or pseudohomothallism, but instead indicate the need of mating partners of the same H. sinensis species, either monoecious or dioecious, for physiological heterothallism, or heterospecific species for hybridization. Multiple GC-and AT-biased genotypes of O. sinensis were identified in the stroma, stromal fertile portion(densely covered with numerous ascocarps) and ascospores of natural C. sinensis. It needs to be further explored if the genome-independent O. sinensis genotypes could become mating partners to accomplish sexual reproduction. S. hepiali Strain FENG experienced differential transcription of the mating-type genes with a pattern complementary to that of H. sinensis Strain L0106. Additional evidence is needed to explore a hybridization possibility between S. hepiali and H. sinensis, whether they are able to break the interspecific reproductive isolation. Genotypes #13～14 of O. sinensis feature large DNA segment reciprocal substitutions and genetic material recombination between 2 heterospecific parental fungi, H. sinensis and an AB067719-type fungus, indicating a possibility of hybridization or parasexuality. Our analysis provides important information at the genetic and transcriptional levels regarding the mating-type gene expression and reproduction physiology of O. sinensis in the sexual life of natural C. sinensis and offers crucial reproductive physiology evidence, to assist in the design of the artificial cultivation of C. sinensis to supplement the increasing scarcity of natural resource.

Vision therapy system 4D combined with stereoscopic 3D training technology for the treatment of amblyopia / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM:To investigate the effect of vision therapy system 4D combined with stereoscopic 3D technology training for the treatment of amblyopia.METHODS: Prospective study. A total of 102 children with amblyopia who attended the clinic from January 2018 to January 2022 were selected, and they were randomly assigned into two groups by computer, with 51 cases in each group. Control group received stereoscopic 3D technology training, while observation group participated in vision therapy system 4D on the basis of control group. Then the overall effective rate, binocular visual function, spherical equivalent(SE), axial length(AL), mean corneal curvature(Km), best corrected visual acuity(BCVA)and visual evoked potential were compared between two groups.RESULTS: The overall efficacy rate was 94.1% in observation group, which was obviously higher than control group(74.5%; P&#x003C;0.05). The improvement in binocular vision parameters simultaneous perception, total fusion, and stereoacuity were all more remarkable in observation group than in control group(P&#x003C;0.05). The △SE, △AL and △Km yielded no statistical difference between two groups(P&#x003E;0.05). The latency of two spatial frequencies(1°grid and 15'grid)showed a decline in both groups, and the decline was more notable in observation group than in control group(P&#x003C;0.05). In both groups, BCVA improved, and the improvement was more significant in observation group compared with control group(P&#x003C;0.05).CONCLUSION: Application of vision therapy system 4D combined with stereoscopic 3D technology training for amblyopia can effectively ameliorate the visual acuity, promote the reconstruction of simultaneous perception, total fusion, and stereoacuity without additional risk of myopic shift, and improve visual pathway function in children.

Exploration of transcriptome SSR markers and its application in genetic diversity assessment of Asarum sieboldii / 中国中药杂志

To explore the genetic diversity of Asarum sieboldii this study developed SSR markers based on transcriptome sequencing results and five populations of A.sieboldii from different regions were used as samples for genetic diversity assessment using software such as GenALEx 6.5, NTSYS 2.1, and Structure 2.3.4. The results showed that 16 SSR markers with high polymorphism and good repeatability were selected from the A.sieboldii transcriptome. Primers designed based on the flanking sequences of these markers successfully amplified 56 polymorphic fragments from 150 individual samples of the five A.sieboldii populations. On average, each primer amplified 3.5 polymorphic fragments, ranging from 2 to 8. The mean values of expected heterozygosity(H_e), Shannon's diversity index(I), Nei's gene diversity index(H), and the polymorphic information content(PIC) were 0.172, 0.281, 0.429, and 0.382, respectively. The mean population differentiation coefficient(F_(ST)) was 0.588, consistent with the analysis of molecular variance(AMOVA) results, which indicated greater genetic variation among A.sieboldii populations(69%) than that within populations(31%). The percentage of polymorphic loci(PPL) ranged from highest to lowest as SNJ>LN>SY>SZ>TB. Principal coordinate analysis(PCoA) and UPGMA clustering analysis further revealed genetic clustering of A.sieboldii individuals based on their geographical distribution, consistent with the results of the structure clustering analysis. In summary, the SSR markers developed from the transcriptome effectively assessed the genetic differentiation and population structure of natural A.sieboldii populations, revealing a relatively low genetic diversity in A.sieboldii, with genetic variation primarily observed at the population level and a correlation between population differentiation and geographic distance.

Analysis of high risk factors and establishment of risk score model for postpartum massive blood transfusion / 中国输血杂志

【Objective】 To screen the risk factors of severe postpartum hemorrhage that can be found at 32 weeks of pregnancy through univariate and multivariate analysis and establish the risk prediction diagram. 【Methods】 A retrospective analysis was performed on pregnant women who gave birth and received blood transfusion in Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from 2019 to 2021. According to the blood transfusion volume during and after operation, the patients were divided into low/moderate transfusion group (transfusion volume <2 000 mL) and massive-transfusion group (transfusion volume ≥2 000 mL), and the basic information of puerperal, single high risk factor, measures of operation and use of blood preparations were recorded. The differences of physiological and pathological factors between the low/moderate transfusion group and the massive transfusion group were analyzed by univariate analysis. Multivariate analysis and nomogram were performed on the statistically significant factors to calculate the consumption of blood components and hemostatic measures in the massive transfusion group. 【Results】 There were significant differences in age, number of pregnancies, advanced age at first delivery, history of abortion, scar uterus, pernicious placenta previa, placenta accreta, eclampsia/pre-eclampsia and acquired coagulopathy between the low/moderate transfusion group (n=930) and the massive transfusion group (n=108) (P<0.05), among which the number of pregnancies, advanced age for the first delivery, pernicious placenta previa, placenta accreta, and eclampsia/pre-eclampsia were independent risk factors for severe postpartum hemorrhage at 32 weeks of gestation. The scores of risk factors for massive blood transfusion from high to low were placenta accreta, primiparity at advanced age, eclampsia/pre-eclampsia, pernicious placenta previa, number of pregnancies≥4 and scar uterus. 【Conclusion】 The possibility of severe postpartum hemorrhage can be accurately evaluated in the third trimester (around 32 weeks) by univariate analysis, multivariate analysis and nomogram drawing. Among the puerpera underwent blood transfusion, the risk factors for massive hemorrhage included pregnancies ≥4 times, primiparity at advanced age, pernicious placenta previa, placenta accreta, and eclampsia/pre-eclampsia. The model based on these factors has a good prediction effect on massive hemorrhage.

Preparation, physicochemical characterization and cytocompatibility study of self-assembled silk fibroin nanoparticles / 药学学报

This study aimed to prepare silk fibroin nanoparticles (SF-NPs) and assess the physicochemical properties and biocompatibility of the formulation. An optimized and simplified solvent displacement method was employed to obtain SF-NPs. Single-factor prescription screening, such as silk fibroin (SF) solution concentration, the ratio of SF solution to organic solvent, ultrasonication power and time, and different types of organic phases, was used to optimize the formulation. The characterization of the optimal formulation included particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), zeta potential, morphology, and stability. The in vitro cell compatibility of the nanoparticles was evaluated using CCK-8 and Calcein-AM/PI cell viability staining. The results showed that when SF concentration was 20 mg·mL-1, volume ratio of aqueous phase to acetone was 1∶6, ultrasonic power was 80 W and ultrasonic time was 3 min, the best SF-NPs was obtained. The nanoparticles prepared in this study exhibit a near-spherical shape, with a uniform size distribution, having an average size of 144.8 nm, a PDI of 0.174, and a zeta potential of -27.35 mV. Results from in vitro cell experiments demonstrate excellent cell compatibility of SF-NPs, showing the ability to promote cell proliferation. The SF-NPs which were successfully prepared in this study exhibit uniform particle size and excellent biocompatibility.

Effects and mechanism of Morus alba L. (Sangzhi) alkaloids combined with metformin on glucose metabolism in diabetic KKAy mice / 药学学报

To investigate the effects and mechanism of the combination of Morus alba L. (Sangzhi) alkaloids(SZ-A) and metformin (Met) on glucose metabolism in type 2 diabetic mice, KKAy mice were divided into four groups according to the glucose and lipid indexes: control group (control), Morus alba L. (Sangzhi) alkaloids group (SZ-A, 100 mg·kg-1), metformin group (Met, 100 mg·kg-1) and combined administration group (combination, Comb, 100 mg·kg-1 SZ-A + 100 mg·kg-1 Met). All groups were administered by gavage once daily for 7 weeks accompanied with monitoring food intake, water intake, body weight as well as glycemia. Additionally, oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), insulin tolerance test (ITT) and oral sodium pyruvate tolerance test (OPTT) were performed at week 2, week 5, week 6, respectively. The experiments were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of the Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College (00004332). We determined the weight and lipid content of liver, and then performed the histopathological analysis after sacrificed. Furthermore, Western blot assay was used to detect the protein levels of key molecules of PI3K/PDK1/Akt/GLUT signaling pathway in liver, muscle and adipose tissue. Compared to the SZ-A or Met monotherapy group, SZ-A + Met significantly improved the glucose metabolism disorder, which was showed in reduced food intake, water intake, the level of fasting blood glucose, postprandial blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) of KKAy mice, as well as improved glucose tolerance, enhanced insulin sensitivity and inhibited gluconeogenesis. In addition, SZ-A + Met obviously up-regulated the protein expression levels in PI3K/PDK1/Akt/GLUT signaling pathway in liver, muscle and adipose tissue of KKAy mice. Moreover, the liver lipid accumulation and blood aminotransferase level of KKAy mice in the combined administration group were significantly reduced. Therefore, we concluded that the combination of SZ-A and Met improved glucose metabolism and inhibited the occurrence and development of T2DM via promoting glucose uptake and utilization, suggesting that the combination of SZ-A and Met is a more useful treatment for T2DM.

Pharmacokinetic effects of metformin hydrochloride, food and alcohol on Ramulus Mori (Sangzhi) alkaloids / 药学学报

Ramulus Mori (Sangzhi) alkaloids (SZ-A) are a group of polyhydroxy alkaloids extracted and isolated from the traditional Chinese medicine mulberry twig, which is mainly used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). In addition to acting as a glycosidase inhibitor in the small intestine after oral administration, SZ-A can also be absorbed into blood and widely distributed to target organs related to diabetes, exerting multiple pharmacological effects. It is important to elucidate the possible pharmacokinetic influences of SZ-A for its clinical rational applications, such as drug interactions, the effects of food and alcohol on the absorption of SZ-A. However, studies in this area are limited. Therefore, the pharmacokinetic interactions between orally administrated SZ-A (50 mg·kg-1) and metformin hydrochloride (Met, 200 mg·kg-1) in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were examined. Then, the effect of food (standard feed) on the pharmacokinetics of SZ-A was investigated using fasting administration of SZ-A (50 mg·kg-1) in rats as a control. Finally, we investigated the pharmacokinetic characteristics of SZ-A (50 mg·kg-1) in different concentrations alcohol solutions using aqueous solution of SZ-A administered to rats as a control to evaluate the effect of alcohol on the bioabsorption of SZ-A. The results showed no significant pharmacokinetic interactions between SZ-A and Met after combination treatment. The standard feed had little effect on the pharmacokinetic profile of SZ-A. Alcohol retarded the absorption of SZ-A, resulting in a significant decrease in the Cmax of SZ-A. The decrease was greater at higher alcohol concentrations; however, no significant difference was observed in the AUC0-t. These results support the clinical rational applications of SZ-A. All animal protocols were approved by the Ethics Committee of Kangtai Medical Laboratory Service Hebei Co., Ltd. (Hebei, China) (No. MDL2022-01-17-1).

Preliminary study on thyroid ultrasound image restoration algorithm based on deep learning / 中华超声影像学杂志

Objective:To explore the feasibility of deep learning-based restoration of obscured thyroid ultrasound images.Methods:A total of 358 images of thyroid nodules were retropectively collected from January 2020 to October 2021 at Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, and the images were randomly masked and restored using DeepFillv2. The difference in grey values between the images before and after restoration was compared, and 6 sonographers (2 chief physicians, 2 attending physicians, 2 residents) were invited to compare the rate of correctness of judgement and detection of image discrepancies. The ultrasound features of thyroid nodules (solid composition, microcalcifications, markedly hypoechoic, ill-defined or irregular margins, or extrathyroidal extensions, vertical orientation and comet-tail artifact) were extracted according to the Chinese Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (C-TIRADS). The consistency of ultrasound features of thyroid nodules before and after restoration were compared.Results:The mean squared error of the images before and after restoration ranged from 0.274 to 0.522, and there were significant differences in the rate of correctness of judgement and detection of image discrepancies between physicians of different groups(all P<0.001). The overall accuracy rate was 51.95%, the overall detection rate was 1.79%, there were significant differences also within the chief physicians and resident groups (all P<0.001). The agreement rate of all ultrasound features of the nodules before and after image restoration was higher than 70%, over 90% agreement rate for features such as solid composition and comet-tail artifact. Conclusions:The algorithm can effectively repair obscured thyroid ultrasound images while preserving image features, which is expected to expand the deep learning image database, and promote the development of deep learning in the field of ultrasound images.

Effect of modified Shengxian Decoction on extravascular lung water index and lung injury prediction score of patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome caused by sepsis / 国际中医中药杂志

Objective:To observe the effect of modified Shengxian Decoction on extravascular lung water index (EVLWI) and lung injury prediction score (LIPS) in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) caused by sepsis.Methods:Prospective cohort study. A total of 200 patients with ARDS caused by sepsis who were hospitalized in Baoshan Branch, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2019 to May 2021 were selected and divided into the observation group and control group by random number table method, with 100 in each group. The patients in the control group were given rountin western medicine treatment according to the guidelines, and the patients in the observation group were treated with modified Shengxian Decoction on the basis of the treatment in the control group. Both groups were treated for 7 days as a course of treatment. The PH value, oxygen volume index (FiO 2), oxygen partial pressure (PaO 2), arterial carbon dioxide partial pressure (PaCO 2) of the two groups before and after treatment, calculate the oxygenation index (PaO 2/FiO 2) were observed and compared. The C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels were observed by ELISA, the procalcitonin (PCT) levels was detected by double antibody sandwich immunoluminescence method. The APACHE Ⅱ score and LIPS score, EVLWI and cardiac index (CI) of the two groups were observed and compared. The mechanical ventilation time and ICU hospitalization time of the two groups were compared. Results:After treatment, the PaCO 2 level [(37.15 ± 5.42) mmHg vs. (38.24 ± 3.24) mmHg, t=2.03] of the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group, and the oxygenation index (292.34 ± 78.91 vs. 236.54 ± 70.58, t=5.27) was significantly higher than that of the control group ( P<0.05). After treatment, the levels of hs-CRP [(35.21 ± 6.73) mg/L vs. (48.97 ± 8.52) mg/L, t=12.67], IL-6 [(40.57 ± 8.51) ng/L vs. (47.61 ± 9.97) ng/L, t=5.37] and PCT [(0.75 ± 0.21) μg/L vs. (1.14 ± 0.38) μg/L, t=8.98] in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group ( P<0.01). After treatment, the APACHE Ⅱscore (11.14 ± 0.54 vs. 14.67 ± 0.89, t=33.91], LIPS score (2.21 ± 0.73 vs. 4.59 ± 0.88, t=20.82), and EVLWI [(6.19 ± 0.42) ml/kg vs. (8.24 ± 0.78) ml/kg, t=23.14) of the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group, and the CI level [(4.49 ± 1.27) L/(min?m 2) vs. (3.61 ± 0.88) L/(min?m 2), t=5.70] was significantly higher than that of the control group ( P<0.01). The mechanical ventilation time and ICU stay in the observation group were shorter than those in the control group ( t=3.66, 5.74, P<0.01). Conclusion:The modified Shengxian Decoction can reduce the level of inflammation indexes in patients with ARDS caused by sepsis, reduce EVLWI and LIPS scores, improve blood gas analysis indexes, and shorten the time of mechanical ventilation and ICU hospitalization.

Influence of swimming training on fitness indicators in children / Influência do treinamento de natação sobre os indicadores de aptidão física em crianças / Influencia del entrenamiento de natación en los indicadores de aptitud física de los niños

ABSTRACT Introduction The specialized technical teaching and swimming training methods for children are the basis for improving the effect of swimming training and reducing the occurrence of sports injuries. In recent years, swimming physical training technology in China has developed rapidly. Swimming physical training for children can improve the comprehensive sports quality of young people. Objective In this paper, the indexes of 50m butterfly and 50m breaststroke were determined. These data quantitatively examine the effect of the program on swimming performance. Methods 18 children and adolescent swimmers participated in the sample analyzed in this study. In this paper, 18 participants were divided into experimental and control groups. These groups have four swimming styles: butterfly, breaststroke, backstroke, and freestyle. Results After two months of coordination exercises, the performance of butterfly and frog swimming was partially improved. There were significant differences in the data (P<0.05). Conclusion The fitness training process can improve the overall quality of athletes. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.

RESUMO Introdução O ensino técnico especializado e os métodos de treinamento em natação para crianças são a base para melhorar o efeito do treinamento de natação e reduzir a ocorrência de lesões esportivas. Nos últimos anos, a tecnologia de treinamento físico em natação na China se desenvolveu rapidamente. O treinamento físico da natação para crianças pode melhorar a qualidade esportiva integral dos jovens. Objetivo Neste artigo, foram determinados os índices de 50m de borboleta e 50m de peito. Estes dados examinam quantitativamente o efeito do programa sobre o desempenho da natação. Métodos Um total de 18 crianças e adolescentes nadadores participaram da amostra analisada neste estudo. Neste trabalho, 18 participantes foram divididos em grupos experimentais e de controle. Estes grupos têm quatro estilos de natação: borboleta, nado de peito, nado de costas e estilo livre. Resultados Após dois meses de exercícios de coordenação, o desempenho do nado borboleta e do nado sapo foi parcialmente melhorado. Houve diferenças significativas nos dados (P<0,05). Conclusão O processo de treinamento de aptidão física pode melhorar a qualidade global dos atletas. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos - investigação dos resultados do tratamento.

RESUMEN Introducción La enseñanza técnica especializada y los métodos de entrenamiento en natación para niños son la base para mejorar el efecto del entrenamiento de natación y reducir la aparición de lesiones deportivas. En los últimos años, la tecnología del entrenamiento físico de la natación en China se ha desarrollado rápidamente. El entrenamiento físico de natación para niños puede mejorar la calidad deportiva integral de los jóvenes. Objetivo En este trabajo se determinaron los índices de 50 metros mariposa y 50 metros braza. Estos datos examinan cuantitativamente el efecto del programa en el rendimiento de la natación. Métodos Un total de 18 niños y adolescentes nadadores participaron en la muestra analizada en este estudio. En este trabajo, 18 participantes fueron divididos en grupos experimentales y de control. Estos grupos tienen cuatro estilos de natación: mariposa, braza, espalda y estilo libre. Resultados Tras dos meses de ejercicios de coordinación, el rendimiento de la natación en mariposa y rana mejoró parcialmente. Hubo diferencias significativas en los datos (P<0,05). Conclusión El proceso de entrenamiento físico puede mejorar la calidad general de los deportistas. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos - investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.

Progress and prospect in the clinical translation of cancer nanomedicine / 药学学报

Nanotechnology has shown broad application prospects in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer. Currently, nearly 80 cancer nanomedicines are under clinical investigation, and many have been approved with enhanced anti-tumor efficacy and decreased side effects. However, the presence of various barriers in related basic research, process control and clinical trials lead to extremely low translation rate. From the perspective of clinical commercialization, we summarized the progress, clinical status, challenges and opportunities of cancer nanomedicine, and presented a cutting-edge prospect on the rational design of nanomedicine and clinical trial strategies.

DNA methylation diversity analysis of Lycium barbarum samples from different cultivation areas based on MSAP / 中国中药杂志

Obvious epigenetic differentiation occurred on Lycium barbarum in different cultivation areas in China. To investigate the difference and change rule of DNA methylation level and pattern of L. barbarum from different cultivation areas in China, the present study employed fluorescence-assisted methylation-sensitive amplified polymorphism(MSAP) to analyze the methylation level and polymorphism of 53 genomic DNA samples from Yinchuan Plain in Ningxia, Bayannur city in Inner Mongolia, Jingyuan county and Yumen city in Gansu, Delingha city in Qinghai, and Jinghe county in Xinjiang. The MSAP technical system suitable for the methylation analysis of L. barbarum genomic DNA was established and ten pairs of selective primers were selected. Among amplified 5'-CCGG-3' methylated sites, there were 35.85% full-methylated sites and 39.88% hemi-methylated sites, showing a high degree of epigenetic differentiation. Stoichiometric analysis showed that the ecological environment was the main factor affecting the epigenetic characteristics of L. barbarum, followed by cultivated varieties. Precipitation, air temperature, and soil pH were the main ecological factors affecting DNA methylation in different areas. This study provided a theoretical basis for the analysis of the epigenetic mechanism of L. barbarum to adapt to the diffe-rent ecological environments and research ideas for the introduction, cultivation, and germplasm traceability of L. barbarum.

Prevention from PICC-related venous thrombosis in the upper limbs of malignant tumor patients with moxibustion combined with plucking at Jiquan (HT 1): a randomized controlled trial / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To observe the clinical effect of moxibustion combined with plucking technique at Jiquan (HT 1) for preventing peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC)-related venous thrombosis in the upper limbs of malignant tumor patients.@*METHODS@#A total of 80 malignant tumor patients undergoing PICC were randomized into an observation group and a control group, 40 cases in each one. In the control group, the routine care for PICC was exerted. In the observation group, besides the routine care, moxibustion combined with plucking technique at Jiquan (HT 1) was added. Mild moxibustion was exerted along the venous distribution of PICC (avoiding the entry site) for 10 to 15 min, and then, the circling moxibustion was applied to Quchi (LI 11), Xuehai (SP 10) and Tianfu (LU 3), 3 to 5 min at each acupoint. Finally, plucking technique was given at Jiquan (HT 1) for 5 to 10 min. This combined therapy was intervened since the 2nd day of PICC placement, once daily, 5 times a week, for 3 weeks totally. The incidence of the PICC-related venous thrombosis in the upper limbs was compared between the two groups on day 42 of placement. On day 2, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35 and 42 of PICC placement, the peak systolic velocity (PSV) and the end-diastolic velocity (EDV) of the subclavicular vein on the placement side were observed separately in the two groups.@*RESULTS@#The incidence of the PICC-related venous thrombosis in the upper limbs in the observation group was lower than that in the control group (2.5% [1/40] vs 17.5% [7/40], P<0.05). From day 7 to 35 of PICC placement, PSV of the subclavicular vein on the placement side was higher than that on the day 2 of PICC placement in the observation group (P<0.05). On day 28 and 42 of PICC placement, PSV of the subclavicular vein on the placement side was lower than that on the day 2 of PICC placement in the control group (P<0.05). In the observation group, EDV of the subclavicular vein on the placement side was higher than that on the day 2 of PICC placement from day 7 to 28 of PICC placement (P<0.05). In the control group, EDV of the subclavicular vein on the placement side from day 28 to 42 of PICC placement was lower than that on the day 2 of PICC placement (P<0.05). From day 7 to 42 of PICC placement, PSV and EDV of the subclavicular vein on the placement side in the observation group were all higher than those in the control group (P<0.01, P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#The combined treatment of moxibustion with plucking technique at Jiquan (HT 1) can effectively prevent PICC-related venous thrombosis in the upper limbs and improve venous blood flow velocity in malignant tumor patients.

Advances of targeted delivery vectors for inducing browning of white adipose tissue / 药学学报

Obesity has become an important inducer of many public diseases such as diabetes, endocrine disorders, and so on. Anti-obesity treatment has become a hot topic. Inhibiting fat synthesis and promoting fat decomposition are important ways of drug anti-obesity treatment. With the in-depth study of the distribution, morphology and function of adipose tissue, brown adipose tissue containing multi-compartment fat drops and rich mitochondria have attracted people's attention. Beige adipocytes which are similar to brown adipocytes in morphology and function have aroused great interest, such cells can be transformed from white adipocytes by external stimulation or browning agents. This process is called "white fat browning". The expression of promoting energy consumption proteins in these cells increase, so that the function of adipocytes changes from energy storage to energy consumption to increase excessive energy consumption in the body and reduce lipid accumulation. The browning of white adipose tissue has brought new ideas for obesity treatment, but the systemic administration of browning agent has the risk of adverse reactions to non-target tissues such as heart and central nervous system, which limits its application in inducing white fat browning. Browning agents to white adipose tissue can reduce its adverse reactions and improve its bioavailability by constructing a drug delivery system targeting white adipose tissue. In this review, the mechanism on browning of white adipose tissue, the commonly used browning agents and the targeted delivery carriers that induce browning of white adipose tissue are summarized.