摘要
Objective To summarize the clinical,electrophysiological and imaging features of frontal opercular epilepsy.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 5 cases with frontal opercular epilepsy,who were treated at the Department of Functional Neurology,Shenzhen Second People's Hospital from December 2020 to December 2022.Among these cases,4 cases were underwent stereotactic-EEG(SEEG)guided radiofrequency thermocoagulation.The clinical,electrophysiological,and imaging characteristics of these 5 cases were summarized.Results The 5 cases had an onset age ranging from 2 to 17 years and a disease duration ranging from 1 to 20 years.All of them experienced daily seizures,especially at night.The seizure duration was less than 30 seconds,and consciousness recovered rapidly.Among the cases,3 exhibited hypermotor seizures of typeⅠorⅡ,characterized by body turning along the horizontal body axis.Two of them experienced laughter during the seizures,while 1 showed a fearful expression.The remaining 2 cases presented with symmetric tonic seizures,involving the facial muscles.One case reported indescribable aura,and 2 cases had autonomic symptoms.During the interictal period,all 5 cases showed epileptic discharges predominantly in the frontal region on EEG,with lateralization value present in only 2 cases.During the ictal period,4 cases demonstrated general low volatility and fast activity(LVFA),while 1 case showed low-frequency rhythmic sharp and slow waves originating from the lesioned side.Four cases underwent SEEG,which revealed seizure starting from the frontal operculum and adjacent electrodes with LVFA,rapidly spreading to the insula,insular opercular,and medial frontal lobe.Positive changes were observed in the MRI of 4 cases,including 2 cases with possible cortical dysplasia,1 case with tuberous sclerosis,and 1 case with encephalomalacia foci.All 4 cases underwent SEEG guided radiofrequency thermocoagulation,resulting in seizure frequency reduction.Conclusions Frontal opercular epilepsy is mainly characterized by hypermotor seizure with body turning along the horizontal body axis or symmetric tonic seizure.These seizure may be accompanied by emotional symptom or facial muscle tonic,but aura and autonomic symptom are less common.The lateralization value of EEG is limited in frontal opercular epilepsy.SEEG indicates early involvement of the insula,insular opercular,and medial frontal lobe.
摘要
@#Objective To investigate the value of endovascular therapy for cognitive dysfunction in patients with moderate or severe vertebrobasilar artery stenosis. Methods A total of 78 patients with cognitive dysfunction due to basilar artery stenosis who were treated in the Outpatient and Inpatient Department of Neurology,People's Hospital of Rizhao,China from March 2019 to November 2022 were prospectively enrolled and divided into endovascular stenting(EVS) group and non-EVS group according to whether they underwent endovascular therapy. Before and after treatment,attention and processing speed-trail making test(TMT)-A,executive function-TMT-B,and mini-mental state examination(MMSE) were conducted. These neuropsychological tests were carried out again after 6 months of follow-up. Computed tomography perfusion examination was performed twice before and after treatment to evaluate the patients' cerebral blood perfusion. The clinical data of the two groups were compared to summarize the therapeutic effect on cognitive dysfunction. Results A total of 78 patients,aged(45.03±13.00)years,with a male-to-female ratio of 1.79∶1,were included in the study. There were no significant differences between the EVS group and the non-EVS group in age,sex,years of education,hypertension,diabetes,stroke history,smoking history,and drinking history(P>0.05). Within one week after treatment,MMSE improvement was significantly different between the EVS group and the non-EVS group(P<0.001). There were no significant differences in the changes in TMT-A and TMT-B between the two groups(P>0.05). After 6 months of follow-up,the improvements in MMSE,TMT-A,and TMT-B in the EVS group were better than those in the non-EVS group(P<0.05). In the EVS group,cerebral blood perfusion was significantly improved,the time to peak was significantly shortened,and the cerebral blood flow was increased. No similar changes were observed in the non-EVS group. Conclusion Endovascular stenting for vertebrobasilar artery stenosis has a certain clinical value in improving cognitive function,and the effect becomes more obvious with the extension of time.
摘要
Objective:To determine the equilibrium solubility and n-octanol/water partition coefficients (Papp)of cinnamon acid and cinnamaldehyde. Methods:The equilibrium solubility of cinnamon acid and cinnamaldehyde in different solutions was determined by HPLC,and their n-octanol/water partition coefficients were determined by a shaking flask method combined with HPLC-DAD. Results:When the pH of solution was 7.8,the equilibrium solubility of cinnamon acid was the largest,while that of cinnamaldehyde was the largest in pH 6.8 solution. The scopes of lgPappof cinnamon acid and cinnamaldehyde in different buffer solutions(pH 1.2-7.8) were -1.04-2.27 and 0.29-1.67, respectively, while those in n-octanol/water solvent were 0.85 and 1.26, respectively. Conclusion:The method is simple,accurate and fast to predicate the absorption of chemical components. In gastrointestinal physiological environment,cinnamaldehyde has good absorption, while cinnamon acid is with poor absorption in stomach and with better absorption in intestinal.
摘要
Abstract A novel luminol electrochemiluminescence strategy based on titanium dioxide/carbon nanotubes ( TiO2/CNTs) nanocomposites for detection of glucose was developed. First, the TiO2/CNTs nanocomposites were prepared by a sol-gel method and modified on the glassy carbon electrode. The electrochemiluminescence ( ECL) signal could be greatly enhanced when the electrode was established by the nanocomposites, which finally resulted in the increased sensitivity. Glucose oxidase calalyzed the oxidation of glucose to form H2 O2 , and the H2 O2 reacted with luminol to produce the ECL signal. Thus the above system was proved to be efficient for glucose detection. The modified electrode exhibited excellent ECL signals and a good linear range of 1. 0í10-7-5. 0í10-6 mol/L with a detection limit of 5. 2í10-8 mol/L towards glucose detection. This strategy was successfully demonstrated as a sensitive, rapid, simple and cost-effective method to detect glucose. Meanwhile, the TiO2/CNTs nanocomposites offered a novel material for the signal enhancement in electrochemiluminescence sensor.