摘要
[Objective]To explore an individualized treatment measure enjoying more practical,effective and safe characteristics through evaluating the efficacy and safety of combined medications of low-dose urokinase,low-molecular weight heparin nadroparin calcium and ozagrel sodium in treating patients with acute cerebral infarction.[Methods]One-hunderd patients with acute cerebral infarction patients were recruited in this trail,and grouped according to different treatment times:Group A (n=40,from January 2005 to February 2008,being selected into the group in accordance with standards of China Guideline for Cerebrovascular Disease Prevention and Treatment) and Group B (n=60,from March 2008 to June 2011,being selected into the group in accordance with indications for onset time within 24 h and allowing age more than 75 years).Standard thrombolytic therapy (high dose urokinase) was performed on Group A and combined medications of low-dose urokinase,low-molecular weight heparin nadroparin calcium and ozagrel sodium (triple antithrombotic therapy) were performed on group B.National Institute of Health Neurological Deficit Scale (NIHSS) and Evaluation Standard of Clinical Efficacy were used to evaluate the recovery of neurological function before treatment and 24 h,7 and 14 d after treatment.[Results] NIHSS scores after therapy rapidly decreased in both groups as compared with those before treatment (P＜0.05).The NIHSS scores of Group B at 24 h,and 7 and 14 d after treatment were significantly decreased as compared with those of Group A (P＜0.05).The efficacy rate of Group B was significantly higher than that of Group A (P＜0.05).Intraparenchymal hemorrhage rate was 10.0％ (4/40) in Group A and 3.3％ (2/60) in Group B.[Conclusion] Triple antithrombotic therapy is more effective and relatively safer than standard thrombolytic therapy in treatment of patients with acute cerebral infarction.
摘要
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the efficacy and safety of mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) plus prednisone on refractory nephrotic syndrome (RNS) in children.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>One hundred and forty-two children with RNS from ten clinical trial centers were divided into two groups: MMF (n=87) and control (n=55). The MMF group patients were administered with oral MMF (30-40 mg/kg daily) for at least 6 months. Afterwards the patients who responded to MMF received another 6 months MMF treatment at a dosage of 10-20 mg/kg daily. The controls were treated with pulse intravenous infusion of cyclophosphamide (CTX) (10 mg/kg daily) for 2 days every 2 weeks for 3 months. Then CTX was administered at a dosage of 500 mg/m2 once a month 4, 7 and 10 months after treatment. While the patients received MMF or CTX treatment, they were treated with oral prednisone (0.5-1 mg/kg daily) for 2 to 3 months, and then the dosage of prednisone was gradually reduced. Urinary protein, liver and renal functions, and side effects of drugs were examined at regular intervals for one year.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of the 87 patients, 58 achieved complete remission, 16 achieved partial remission, 9 achieved early remission and 4 had no response to treatment. In the control group, 35 achieved complete remission, 9 achieved partial remission, 1 achieved early remission and 10 had no response to treatment. The total remission rate in the MMF group (95.4%) was significantly higher than that in the control group (81.8%) (P<0.01). After treatment 67 patients (65.4%) in the MMF group had negative proteinuria compared with 36 patients (65.4%) in the control group (P>0.05). MMF was found to be more effective in reducing proteinuria, and improving hypoproteinemia, oliguria, hyperlipemia, and edema than CTX. MMF was better tolerated with lower incidences of adverse reactions than CTX.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The combined therapy of MMF and prednisone is more effective and tolerable than pulse intravenous infusion of CTX for treatment of RNS in children.</p>
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Immunosuppressive Agents , Therapeutic Uses , Mycophenolic Acid , Therapeutic Uses , Nephrotic Syndrome , Drug Therapy , Prednisone , Therapeutic Uses , Prospective Studies摘要
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is extremely species specific and does not replicate in experimental animal tissues.To overcome the problem and establish suitable animal models for studying antiviral strategies,the expression of HCMV UL49 gene was explored in mice.UL49-GFP gene was subcloned into the adenovirus shuttle plasmid pDC316,the products(pDC316-UL49-GFP)were co-transfected with helper plasmid pBHGloxE1,3Cre into HEK293 cell lines by liposome reagent,recombinant adenovirus(Ad-UL49-GFP) was generated and confirmed by PCR and Western blot.Ad-UL49-GFP was propagated in 293 cells and purified.The titer of viral stocks was determined by end-point dilution assay.The purified adenoviruses were delivered into mice via the tail vein injection.Fluorescence quantitative PCR and Western blot experiments were used to examine the tissue distribution and duration of UL49 gene expression.The results showed that the recombinant adenovirus were present in vivo.The expression level in tissues arranged in descending order was liver,spleen,kidney,heart and lung.3 days after injection,the liver,spleen,kidney,heart and lung expressed protein UL49 in high lever and then declined gradually.14 days after injection,UL49 protein expression was disappear in some organs except liver and spleen.In conclusion,transgene animal model carrying UL49 gene was successfully established.Therefore,the system may be suitable for selecting anti-HCMV drugs targeting UL49 gene.