摘要
Introducción: Algunos estudios han encontrado relación entre exceso de peso y baja fuerza de prensión relativa. En países de ingresos socioeconómicos medianos y bajos hay pocas evidencias que evalúen la fuerza prensil y su relación con la composición corporal en población pediátrica. Objetivo: Evaluar la correlación entre la fuerza prensil y la composición corporal de escolares de Bucaramanga, Colombia. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio piloto de corte transversal, analítico, correlacional. Participaron niños en edad escolar de Bucaramanga, Colombia. Las principales variables dependientes fueron masa muscular, agua corporal total, proteínas (kg) y el porcentaje de grasa corporal. La variable independiente correspondió a la fuerza prensil. Se usó el coeficiente de correlación de Spearman para explorar la relación entre variables. Resultados: El promedio de la fuerza prensil en el total de la muestra fue de 13,8 ± 3,2 Newton. Se encontraron correlaciones positivas y estadísticamente significativas entre la fuerza prensil y la masa musculoesquelética (r = 0,73), agua corporal total (r = 0,73) y proteínas (r = 0,74). Discusión: Nuestros resultados son consistentes con evidencias previas que identifican a la fuerza prensil como un indicador de la composición corporal, específicamente en las variables de masa musculoesquelética y proteínas. Conclusión: Los niños en el tercil más alto de fuerza prensil presentan los terciles más altos de masa musculoesquelética, agua corporal total y proteínas.
Introduction: Some studies have found a relationship between excess weight and low relative grip strength. In countries with medium and low socioeconomic income, there is little evidence evaluating grip strength and its relationship with body composition in the pediatric population. Objective: To evaluate the correlation between grip strength and body composition of schoolchildren from Bucaramanga, Colombia. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional, analytical, correlational pilot study was conducted. Schoolchildren from Bucaramanga, Colombia participated. The main dependent variables were muscle mass, total body water, protein (kg), and percentage of body fat. The independent variable corresponded to the prehensile force. Spearman's Correlation Coefficient was used to explore the relationship between variables. Results: The average prehensile force in the total sample was 13.8±3.2 Newton. Positive and statistically significant correlations were found between grip strength and musculoskeletal mass (r=0.73), total body water (r=0.73), and protein (r=0.74). Discussion: Our results are consistent with previous evidence that identifies grip strength as an indicator of body composition, specifically in the variables of musculoskeletal mass and protein. Conclusion: Children in the highest tertile of prehensile strength present the highest tertiles of skeletal muscle mass, total body water, and protein.
摘要
Abstract@#Previous epidemiological studies indicated that weight of schoolbag in most countries is far higher than that recommended guidelines. Heavy schoolbags seriously affect the healthy development of the musculoskeletal system of adolescents, which not only leads to abnormal posture e.g. rounded shoulders, hunchback and head forward, but also is one of the main causes of adolescent musculoskeletal diseases such as cervical spondylosis, low back pain and scoliosis. However, adolescents and their parents do not fully understand the harm of heavy schoolbags, let alone the health knowledge regarding the choice and use of schoolbags. Therefore, the review introduces current evidence regarding the association between schoolbag and adolescent musculoskeletal system diseases, as well as schoolbag selection and use, with the aim to arouse the attention of teenagers and their parents and relevant health education departments.
摘要
INTRODUCTION: Rheumatic diseases have high occurrence in older adults, which may lead to a reduction in independence and quality of life. OBJECTIVE: To calculate prevalence and to identify factors associated with rheumatic diseases in older adults of the urban area of a municipality in Southern Brazil. METHODS: Cross-sectional population-based study, conducted in 2008 in the city of Bagé-RS, Brazil with older adults aged 60 years or over. The outcome was defined from the question "Has any doctor told you that you have rheumatism, arthritis or arthrosis?" Poisson regression was used for the crude and adjusted analysis. RESULTS: A total of 1,593 participants were interviewed. 27.3% (95% CI 25.0-29.5) reported having medical diagnosis of at least one of the rheumatic diseases studied. In the adjusted analysis, it was found that female sex (RP=2.86; 95% CI 2.28-3.59; p≤0.001), without schooling (RP=1.24; 95% CI 1.0-1.58; p=0.047), not living alone (RP=1.29; 95% CI 1.03-1.61; p=0.024), poor self-perception of health (PR=1.54; 95% CI 1.63-2.02; p=0.001), spinal problems (PR=1,96; 95% CI 1.67-2.31; p≤0.001), fall in the last year (PR=1.22; 95% CI 1.04-1.43; p=0.013), incapacity for instrumental activities of daily living (PR=1.20; 95% CI 1.02-1.41; p=0.028) and healthcare appointment in the last 3 months (PR=1.20; 95% CI 1.01-1.42; p=0.035) were associated with the presence of rheumatic diseases (rheumatism, arthritis and arthrosis). CONCLUSION: It is suggested that care of musculoskeletal problems of the spine should be increased, in order to reduce falls and functional disability in older adults, based on actions focused on the prevention of these problems.
INTRODUÇÃO: As doenças reumáticas têm alta ocorrência na população idosa, o que pode levar à redução da independência e da qualidade de vida. OBJETIVO: Determinar a prevalência e identificar os fatores associados às doenças reumáticas em idosos da zona urbana de um município do Sul do Brasil. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de estudo transversal de base populacional, realizado em 2008 na cidade de Bagé-RS, Brasil, com idosos com 60 anos ou mais. O desfecho foi definido a partir da pergunta "Algum médico já disse que você tem reumatismo, artrite ou artrose?" A regressão de Poisson foi usada para a análise bruta e ajustada. RESULTADOS: Foram entrevistados 1.593 idosos. Destes, 27,3% (IC 95% 25,0-29,5) relataram ter diagnóstico médico de pelo menos uma das doenças reumáticas estudadas. Na análise ajustada, constatou-se que o sexo feminino (RP=2,86; IC 95% 2,28-3,59; p≤0,001), sem escolaridade (RP=1,24; IC 95% 1,0-1,58; p=0,047), não vive sozinho (RP=1,29; IC 95% 1,03-1,61; p=0,024), autopercepção de saúde ruim (RP=1,54; IC 95% 1,63-2,02; p=0,001), problemas de coluna (RP=1,96; IC 95% 1,67-2,31; p≤0,001), queda no último ano (RP=1,22; IC 95% 1,04-1,43; p=0,013), presença de incapacidade para atividades instrumentais de vida diária (RP=1,20; IC 95% 1,02-1,41; p=0,028) e consulta médica nos últimos 3 meses (RP=1,20; IC 95% 1,01-1,42; p=0,035) estiveram associados à presença de doenças reumáticas (reumatismo, artrite e artrose). CONCLUSÃO: Sugere-se que os cuidados com os problemas musculoesqueléticos da coluna devem ser aumentados, a fim de reduzir as quedas e a incapacidade funcional em idosos, com base em ações voltadas para a prevenção desses problemas.