Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Awareness/ethics , Headache/diagnosis , Artificial Intelligence/trends摘要
ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the physicians' knowledge regarding the referral for dental screening prior to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Material and Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study using simple random sampling among 468 physicians from various specialties with diverse experience levels from different regions in Saudi Arabia. A self-reporting questionnaire was distributed among the physicians, which consisted of questions assessing the physicians' knowledge about oral health and complications in patients prior to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Statistical analysis was done after the data was collected employing SPSS, and p<0.05 was taken as significant. Results: Residents were more as expected (39.3%), followed by specialists (2.31%). The majority had a practice experience for more than five years (67.8%).The scores for the knowledge assessment showed that 51.3%, nearly half of the participants, had lower scores. The scores were statistically significant (p<0.05). Conclusion: General physicians and specialists should be aware of the dental complications and associated diseases in patients with malignancies and those undergoing chemo and radiotherapy. It is proposed that more awareness should be raised among physicians to rectify this lapse.
Subject(s)
Physicians/ethics , Awareness/ethics , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Drug Therapy , Neoplasms/radiotherapy , Mass Screening/instrumentation , Cross-Sectional Studies/methods , Surveys and Questionnaires , Data Interpretation, Statistical摘要
Abstract For asthma treatment in children, caregivers need good knowledge and attitudes regarding the disease and its treatment. This study aimed to determine the impact of cultural factors, the level of health education provided to patients and their families, as well as the impact of stigmatization on the treatment awareness of children with asthma in southern Jordan. A validated questionnaire was used to collect data from a sample of ninety-seven caregivers selected from three hospitals in southern Jordan. Open ended questions were answered after demonstrating the inhaler technique in and evaluated according to the instructions of the National Asthma Education and Prevention Program (NAEPP, 2013). The result revealed moderate knowledge of asthma with a mean score of (22.36/32), as well as moderate knowledge of asthma treatment (24.26/40). A high mean was found for the impact of cultural and environmental factors (22.93/28), whereas low impact was found for stigma with a mean value of (4.73/12). Therefore, to improve future asthma management, additional efforts are required to educate caregivers and improve their asthma awareness and rectify any falsehoods regarding asthma medications by health care providers.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Asthma/drug therapy , Child , Health Education/classification , Cultural Factors , Jordan/ethnology , Awareness/ethics , Pharmaceutical Preparations/administration & dosage , Christianity , Caregivers/ethics , Hospitals/standards摘要
dengue é uma doença febril aguda com etiologia viral típica e de evolução benigna que é grave quando se apresenta na forma hemorrágica. Sua transmissão ocorre pela picada do Aedes aegypti, em um ciclo humano-Aedes aegypti-humano. Sendo assim, o cuidado e a prevenção contra a dengue é uma prática que deve ser sempre incentivada, especialmente em áreas de risco, além de buscar incluir a população como partícipes nas ações de prevenção contra essa arbovirose. O artigo trata-se de um relato de experiência cujo objetivo é descrever a experiência desenvolvida e vivenciada pelos acadêmicos do curso de graduação em Medicina da UniFipMoc-Afya durante o projeto de extensão "Caminho Contra a Dengue" que ocorreu em maio de 2022 no Parque Municipal Cândido Canelas, localizado no bairro Canelas, Montes Claros MG. As ações realizadas tinham caráter socioeducativo, tendo como objetivo reconhecer e demarcar os determinantes da dengue dos bairros Canelas e Antônio Canelas, para se realizar uma sensibilização da comunidade local sobre as medidas preventivas contra a proliferação da doença e, dessa forma, contribuir para a integralização da saúde dos moradores. As estratégias empregadas trouxeram a reflexão, a problematização da pauta e a valorização de uma mudança de comportamento visando à diminuição da transmissão da dengue no bairro Antônio Canelas e no Canelas. Logo, esse conjunto de experiências proporcionou a possibilidade de promover um avanço no cuidado e na prevenção da dengue, colocando a própria comunidade como precursora e responsável pelos atos que irão fornecer uma promoção da saúde e melhorias em suas vidas.
Dengue is an acute febrile illness with a typical viral etiology and a benign course that is severe when it presents in the hemorrhagic form. Its transmission occurs through the bite of Aedes aegypti, in a human-Aedes aegypti-human cycle. Therefore, care and prevention against dengue is a practice that should always be encouraged, especially in risk areas, in addition to seeking to include the population as participants in prevention actions against this arbovirus. The article is an experience report whose objective is to describe the experience developed and lived by the academics of the undergraduate course in Medicine at UniFipMoc-Afya during the extension project "Caminho Contra a Dengue" that took place in May 2022 at Parque Municipal Cândido Canelas, located in the Canelas neighborhood, Montes Claros - MG. The actions carried out had a socio-educational character, with the objective of recognizing and demarcating the determinants of dengue in the Canelas and Antônio Canelas neighborhoods, in order to raise the awareness of the local community about preventive measures against the proliferation of the disease and, in this way, contribute to the integralization of the population. residents' health. The strategies used and employed brought reflection, problematization of the agenda and the appreciation of a change in behavior aimed at reducing dengue transmission in the Antônio Canelas and Canelas neighborhoods. Therefore, this set of experiences provided the possibility of promoting progress in the care and prevention of dengue, placing the community itself as a precursor and responsible for the acts that will provide health promotion and improvements in their lives.
El dengue es una enfermedad febril aguda de etiología vírica típica y evolución benigna que es grave cuando se presenta en forma hemorrágica. Su transmisión se produce por la picadura de Aedes aegypti, en un ciclo humano-Aedes aegypti-humano. Así, el cuidado y la prevención contra el dengue es una práctica que siempre debe ser incentivada, especialmente en las zonas de riesgo, y buscar incluir a la población como partícipe de las acciones preventivas contra esta arbovirosis. El artículo es un relato de experiencia cuyo objetivo es describir la experiencia desarrollada y vivida por estudiantes de pregrado de medicina de la UniFipMoc-Afya durante el proyecto de extensión "Camino Contra el Dengue", que tuvo lugar en mayo de 2022 en el Parque Municipal Cândido Canelas, ubicado en Canelas, Montes Claros - MG. Las acciones realizadas tuvieron un carácter socioeducativo, con el objetivo de reconocer y demarcar los determinantes del dengue en los barrios Canelas y Antônio Canelas, a fin de sensibilizar a la comunidad local sobre las medidas preventivas contra la proliferación de la enfermedad y contribuir así a la integralización de la salud de los residentes. Las estrategias empleadas propiciaron la reflexión, la problematización del tema y la valorización de un cambio de comportamiento dirigido a reducir la transmisión del dengue en los barrios Antônio Canelas y Canelas. Así, este conjunto de experiencias proporcionó la posibilidad de promover un avance en la atención y prevención del dengue, colocando a la propia comunidad como precursora y responsable de actos que proporcionarán una promoción de la salud y mejoras en sus vidas.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Universities , Dengue/prevention & control , Projects , Population , Students, Medical , Awareness/ethics , Public Health/education , Aedes , Research Report , Health Promotion摘要
ABSTRACT Objective: The availability of hazardous products in households increases the risks of poisoning. The present study aimed to assess the frequency and associated factors of the availability and storage of hazardous products in residences in the metropolitan region of Manaus. Methods: Population-based and cross-sectional study conducted in 2015 with adults selected with three-stage probabilistic sampling. Participants were interviewed face-to-face. Prevalence ratio (PR) of the presence of hazardous products (presence of chumbinho [illegal anti-cholinesterase rodenticide], artisanal cleaning products, and unsafe storage of these products and medications) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) were calculated with Poisson regression with robust variance, weighted by the complex sampling method adopted. Results: A total of 4,001 participants was included, of which 53.0% (95%CI 51.5-54.6) reported presence of hazardous products in their households, 36.3% (95%CI 34.8-37.8) had unsafe storage, 16.2% (95%CI 15.1-17.4) had artisanal cleaning products, and 8.2% (95%CI 7.4-9.1) had chumbinho. Households with children ≤5 years old had safer storage (PR=0.78; 95%CI 0.71-0.86) and more artisanal products (PR=1.30; 95%CI 1.11-1.51). Presence of artisanal products was higher in lower educational levels (PR=2.20; 95%CI 1.36-3.57) and lower economic classifications (PR=1.63; 95%CI 1.25-2.13). Conclusions: Over half of the households in the metropolitan region of Manaus kept hazardous products; one-third stored them unsafely. Artisanal cleaning products and chumbinho were frequently present. Households with children had safer storage of products, and socioeconomic factors affected the availability of such hazardous products.
RESUMO Objetivo: A disponibilidade de produtos perigosos em domicílios aumenta os riscos de intoxicações. Este estudo objetivou avaliar a frequência e os fatores associados à disponibilidade e armazenamento de produtos perigosos em residências da Região Metropolitana de Manaus. Métodos: Estudo transversal de base populacional realizado em 2015 com adultos selecionados por amostragem probabilística em três estágios. Os participantes foram entrevistados pessoalmente. A razão de prevalência (RP) da presença de produtos perigosos (presença de chumbinho [rodenticida anticolinesterase ilegal], produtos de limpeza artesanais e armazenamento inseguro desses produtos e de medicamentos) e intervalos de confiança de 95% (IC95%) foram calculados por regressão de Poisson com variância robusta, ponderada pela amostragem complexa adotada. Resultados: 4.001 participantes foram incluídos, dos quais 53,0% (IC95% 51,5-54,6) reportaram a presença de produtos perigosos em seus domicílios, 36,3% (IC95% 34,8-37,8) apresentaram armazenamento inseguro, 16,2% (IC95% 15,1-17,4) possuíam produtos de limpeza artesanais e 8,2% (IC95% 7,4-9,1) possuíam chumbinho. Os domicílios com crianças menores de 5 anos apresentaram armazenamento mais seguro (RP=0,78; IC95% 0,71-0,86) e mais produtos artesanais (RP=1,30; IC95% 1,11-1,51). Presença de produtos artesanais foi maior em menores níveis de escolaridade (RP=2,20; IC95% 1,36-3,57) e menores classificações econômicas (RP=1,63; IC95% 1,25-2,13). Conclusões: Mais da metade dos domicílios da Região Metropolitana de Manaus possuía produtos perigosos; um terço os armazenava sem segurança. Produtos de limpeza artesanais e chumbinho estavam frequentemente presentes. Os domicílios com crianças apresentaram armazenamento mais seguro de produtos e fatores socioeconômicos afetaram a disponibilidade de tais produtos perigosos.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Poisoning/epidemiology , Urban Population/statistics & numerical data , Hazardous Substances/poisoning , Health Surveys/statistics & numerical data , Household Products/poisoning , Poisoning/mortality , Poisoning/prevention & control , Socioeconomic Factors , Awareness/ethics , Brazil/epidemiology , Residence Characteristics , Family Characteristics , Prevalence , Cross-Sectional Studies , Health Surveys/trends , Educational Status , Household Products/statistics & numerical data摘要
To determine the awareness level regarding bioethical issues among graduate and Post graduate students and faculty of Hazara University Mansehra Pakistan. The study was carried out at the campus of Hazara University Mansehra, Pakistan. it was a questionnaire based survey. Most of the participants were graduate students having relatively better knowledge of Science and Technology as 90.4% of them were found to be familiar with the term "Bioethics". it was encouraging to note that students at this level of education had positive opinion about the role of Science and Technology and had accepted its importance in their daily lives. The fact that the students are eager to learn more about bioethical issues was borne out by our data as 96% students were of the opinion that Bioethics should be taught regularly in the classes. There was a general agreement among the respondents that the government's policies on Bioethical issues are not satisfactory and that the issues need to be addressed; albeit within the frame work of religious [Islamic] teachings. The survey indicated that Cloning, Organ donation, GMO's, Contraception, Abortion and Stem Cell Research are regarded as the most important bioethical issues. Curriculum of educational institutions including Universities, Colleges and Schools should include appropriate courses on bioethics. The society in general needs to debate the issues through conferences, seminars, workshops and media for enhancing awareness, allaying fears and formulating opinions based on correct information
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Awareness/ethics , Bioethics/education , Religion and Science , Education, Graduate , Schools , Directed Tissue Donation/ethics , Contraception/ethics , Organisms, Genetically Modified , Stem Cells , Cloning, Organism/ethics , Abortion, Induced/ethics , Surveys and Questionnaires , Students摘要
O objetivo da tese é investigar a constituição da interioridade a partir de uma abordagem externalista. Os processos pelos quais o autoconhecimento é constituído são considerados como estando associados ao desenvolvimento da perspectiva da primeira pessoa. Adotar uma perspectiva de primeira pessoa é tornar-se capaz de fazer referência a si mesmo e conhecer seus próprios estados mentais e corporais. A autoconsciência e o autoconhecimento foram tradicionalmente subsumidos à idéia de Descartes da autoridade da primeira pessoa. Segundo a tese cartesiana, teríamos acesso privilegiado e não-empírico aos nossos estados mentais que se expressaria por meio de um conhecimento. A tese central do externalismo afirma, ao contrário, que o conteúdo dos estados mentais é constituído, em parte, pelas relações com o ambiente. A adoção da tese externalista coloca em dúvida a suposição cartesiana de que temos acesso privilegiado aos conteúdos de nossos pensamentos, restringindo, assim, a autoridade da primeira pessoa. O externalismo perceptivo de Davidson, por exemplo, oferece uma solução ternária eu-intérprete-mundo para as origens do autoconhecimento. A tese de Davidson é apresentada como reconciliando o autoconhecimento e as idéias centrais do externalismo. São apresentados dois modelos da gênese externa do eu: 1) os modelos ecológicos que propõem um desenvolvimento do sentido de eu como uma função das interações do eu com o ambiente; 2) o modelo psicológico de Winnicott que propõe a emergência do sentido de eu a partir de uma relação ternária entre o eu, os outros e os objetos transicionais. Defendemos a tese de que o modelo psicológico de Winnicott é o mais adequado para descrever a conceitualização epistemológica de Davidson das origens externalistas do autoconhecimento.