Eficácia das lactonas macrocíclicas sistêmicas ( ivermectina e moxidectina ) na terapia da demodicidose canina generalizada / Efficacy of systemics macrocyclic lactones ( ivermectin and moxidectin ) for the treatment of generalized canine demodicosis

RESUMO

Avaliou-se a eficácia de lactonas macrocíclicas (ivermectina e moxidectina) sobre a eventual ocorrência de efeitos colaterais e acompanharam-se, após a alta parasitológica, por 12 meses, os cães tratados, visando detectar a recidiva do quadro dermatopático. Dos 63 animais, 59 por cento eram fêmeas, 76 por cento apresentavam precisa definição racial e 67 por cento tinham pelame curto. A ivermectina (0,6mg/kg/dia) foi administrada por via oral a 31 cães, e a moxidectina (0,5mg/kg/cada 72 horas), pela mesma via, a 32 animais. Os tempos médios para a obtenção da primeira negativação do exame parasitológico do raspado cutâneo e para a consecução da alta foram, respectivamente, de 90 e 130 dias para a ivermectina e de 108 e 147 dias para a moxidectina. A ivermectina acarretou menos (16,1 por cento) efeitos colaterais em relação à moxidectina (37,5 por cento) (P=0,03). As recidivas foram, respectivamente, 10,3 por cento e 13 por cento para ivermectina e moxidectina. Não houve diferença entre os dois protocolos de terapia quanto aos percentuais de recidiva (P=0,67) e eficácia (P=0,61). Ambas as lactonas macrocíclicas mostraram-se eficazes ivermectina 89,7 por cento e moxidectina 87 por cento.

ABSTRACT

The efficacy of ivermectin and moxidectin for treatment of generalized canine demodicosis, was evaluated to detect the eventual occurrence of side effects caused by the use of these drugs, and to follow the treated dogs for 12 months after obtaining parasitologic cure. Of 63 dogs, 59 percent were females, 76 percent were defined as purebred and 67 percent had short hair. Ivermectin (0.6mg/kg/daily) was orally administered to 31 dogs and moxidectin (0.5mg/kg/every 72 hours) to 32 dogs. The average number of days to obtain the first negative skin scraping results and the parasitologic cure were, respectively, 90 and 130 days for ivermectin, and 108 and 147 days for moxidectin. Ivermectin caused fewer side effects (16.1 percent) than moxidectin (37.5 percent) (P<0.05). The percentages of relapse were, respectively, 10.3 percent and 13.0 percent when ivermectin and moxidectin were administered. No difference between protocols of therapy was found for percentage of relapse (P> or =0.67) and efficacy (P> or =0.61). Both drugs were effective and safe to treat generalized canine demodicosis ivermectin 89.7 percent and moxidectin 87.0 percent.