Influence of dialysis duration and parathyroid hormone on the clinical and radiographic oral conditions of pre-transplant patients with chronic kidney disease

ABSTRACT

Aim: To evaluate the oral conditions of patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing dialysisand to determine the influence of dialysis duration and bone metabolism on the prevalence andseverity of the alterations found. Methods: The simplified oral hygiene index (OHI-S), prevalenceof dental caries (decayed, missing filled teeth index, DMFT), and the periodontal screening andrecording (PSR) index were evaluated in 154 patients. Parathyroid hormone (PTH), calcium,phosphorus and urea measurements, as well as panoramic radiographs, were obtained from allpatients. To evaluate the effect of duration of dialysis treatment on oral health, the patients weredivided into two groups (1) <5 years and (2) > 5 years. Regarding blood levels of PTH, patientswere divided into three groups (1) 0-149 pg/mL, (2) 150-584 pg/mL, and (3) >585 pg/mL. TheOHI-S identified the accumulation of biofilm and calculus around the teeth. Results: Gingivalinflammation was found in 100% of dentate patients, with 2 being the predominant PSR score(72.3%). The DMFT index was high (17.52). Dental calculus was the most common radiographicfinding (70.8%). No significant correlation was observed between dialysis duration, biochemicalalterations, and oral health. Conclusions: Most patients undergoing dialysis presented precariousoral hygiene, periodontal inflammation, and bone alterations. However, these manifestationswere not influenced by the duration of dialysis or bone metabolism.