Cyclophosphamide induced changes in certain hematological and biochemical parameters of adult male Rattus Norvegicus.

Background: Cyclophosphamide (CP), [2-(bis-/2-chloro-ethyl-amino)-tetrahydro-2H-1, 2, 3 oxazaphosphorine-2-oxide], is an alkylating chemotherapeutic agent, which is commonly used against malignancies, such as leukemia, lymphoma, breast, lung, prostrate, and ovarian cancer. The aim of this study is to evaluate the side effect of CP on male albino rat in response to certain hematological and hepatic and renal biochemical parameters. Methods: In this investigation, total 20 albino rats were divided in to two groups of ten each. Group first served as control received i.p. injection of 0.9 physiological saline fed with standard food and water ad libitum. While, Group second received a single dose (0.4ml/100g b/w) through i.p. injection of cyclophosphamide once in a week for a period of 7 and 35 days and hematological parameters i.e. Hb%, total count-RBCs, total count-WBCs along with some biochemical estimations i.e. protein and creatinine levels in liver and kidney were quantified after 7 and 35 days of the treatments. Results: The hematological parameters i.e. Hb%, total count-RBCs, total count –WBCs and protein and creatinine levels in liver and kidney were significantly lowered after 7 and 35 days treatment of cyclophosphamide. The lowering of these values was more prominent in later part of the experiment. Conclusion: Alteration in hematological parameters after cyclophosphamide exposure may impair the functional activities of liver and kidney of male Rattus norvegicus by interfering enzymatic metabolic activities and protein synthesis.