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Photosynthetic index and nitrogen assimilation in rapeseed seedlings transplanted in soil with ammonium glufosinate / Índice fotossintético e assimilação de nitrogênio em plântulas de colza transplantadas em resposta a resíduos de glufosinato presentes no solo
Cui, Cui; Xie, Xurong; Wang, Liu-Yan; Wang, Rui-Li; Lei, Wei; Lv, Jun; Chen, Liuyi; Gao, Huan-Huan; Ye, Sang; Huang, Linya; Zhou, Qing-Yuan.
  • Cui, Cui; Southwest University. College of Agronomy and Biotechnology. Chongqing. CN
  • Xie, Xurong; Southwest University. College of Agronomy and Biotechnology. Chongqing. CN
  • Wang, Liu-Yan; Southwest University. College of Agronomy and Biotechnology. Chongqing. CN
  • Wang, Rui-Li; Southwest University. College of Agronomy and Biotechnology. Chongqing. CN
  • Lei, Wei; Southwest University. College of Agronomy and Biotechnology. Chongqing. CN
  • Lv, Jun; Southwest University. College of Agronomy and Biotechnology. Chongqing. CN
  • Chen, Liuyi; Southwest University. College of Agronomy and Biotechnology. Chongqing. CN
  • Gao, Huan-Huan; Southwest University. College of Agronomy and Biotechnology. Chongqing. CN
  • Ye, Sang; Southwest University. College of Agronomy and Biotechnology. Chongqing. CN
  • Huang, Linya; Southwest University. College of Agronomy and Biotechnology. Chongqing. CN
  • Zhou, Qing-Yuan; Southwest University. College of Agronomy and Biotechnology. Chongqing. CN
Ciênc. rural (Online) ; 50(4): e20180911, 2020. graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1089571
ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Herbicide application is an effective weed control method for mitigating crop yield loss; however, herbicide overuse can cause toxicity in non-target plants. The present study evaluated the effects of glufosinate at recommended dose for agricultural application (0.45 kg ha-1) and at overuse dose (0.90 kg ha-1) glufosinate application on photosynthetic performance and nitrogen assimilation of the rapeseed varieties D148 and Zhongshuang 11 (ZS11). Both glufosinate concentrations significantly decreased the content of chlorophyll and nitrogenous compounds, except free proline, and the activity of glutamine synthetase and glutamate synthase, and increased the activity of glutamic acid dehydrogenase in both varieties. When the concentration of glyphosate was 0.45kg ha-1, the nitrogen assimilation of the two varieties decreased, which indicated that the recommended dosage inhibited the nitrogen assimilation of the two varieties; however, the increase of net photosynthetic rate of D148 and the decrease of that of ZS11 mean that D148 is more tolerant to the recommended dose of glyphosate than ZS11. The 0.90 kg ha-1 dosage was toxic to both rapeseed varieties. Overall, our results indicated that herbicide overuse inhibited the photosynthetic rate and nitrogen assimilation in rapeseed seedlings, and it is essential to apply a suitable glufosinate dose based on the variety grown to minimize adverse effects on crops and environment.
RESUMO
RESUMO A aplicação de herbicidas é um método eficaz de controle de ervas daninhas para mitigar a perda de produtividade das culturas. No entanto, o uso excessivo de herbicidas pode causar toxicidade em plantas não alvo. O presente estudo avaliou os efeitos da dose recomendada para aplicação agrícola (0.45 kg ha-1) e dose excessiva (0.90 kg ha-1) de glufosinato no desempenho fotossintético e assimilação de nitrogênio das variedades de colza D148 e Zhongshuang 11 (ZS11). Ambas as concentrações de glutamato diminuíram significativamente o teor de clorofila e compostos azotados, exceto a prolina livre, e a atividade de síntese da glutamina e de síntese de glutamato, e aumentaram a atividade de desidrogenase do ácido glutâmico em ambas as variedades. Quando a concentração de glifosato foi 0.45 kg ha-1, a assimilação de azoto das duas variedades diminuiu, o que indicou que a dosagem recomendada de glifosato inibiu a assimilação de azoto das duas variedades de colza. Entretanto, a taxa fotosintética líquida do D148 aumentou enquanto o do ZS11 diminuiu, o que significa que o D148 é mais tolerante a dose recomendada de glifosato do que o ZS11. A dose de 0.90 kg ha-1 de glifosato foi prejudicial para as mudas de duas variedades de colza. Em geral, os nossos resultados indicam que o uso excessivo de glufosinato inibe a taxa fotossintética e a assimilação de nitrogênio em mudas de colza, sendo essencial aplicar uma dose adequada deste herbicida com base na variedade cultivada para minimizar os efeitos adversos nas culturas e no meio ambiente.


Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Language: English Journal: Ciênc. rural (Online) Journal subject: Sa£de Ambiental Year: 2020 Type: Article / Project document Affiliation country: China Institution/Affiliation country: Southwest University/CN

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Language: English Journal: Ciênc. rural (Online) Journal subject: Sa£de Ambiental Year: 2020 Type: Article / Project document Affiliation country: China Institution/Affiliation country: Southwest University/CN