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Antiulcerogenic effects of selected African nightshades (Solanum nigrum Linn. ) genotypes on the rat stomach: a morphologic and morphometric study / Efectos antiulcerogénicos de genotipos seleccionados de solanáceas Africanas (Solanum nigrum Linn. m) en el estómago de ratas: un estudio morfológico y morfométrico
Mureithi, Pauline M; Kavoi, Boniface M; Onyango, Cecilia M; Mathiu, Mbaabu P.
  • Mureithi, Pauline M; University of Nairobi. Faculty of Veterinary Medicine. Department of Veterinary Anatomy and Physiology. Nairobi. KE
  • Kavoi, Boniface M; University of Nairobi. Faculty of Veterinary Medicine. Department of Veterinary Anatomy and Physiology. Nairobi. KE
  • Onyango, Cecilia M; University of Nairobi. Faculty of Agriculture. Department of Plant Science and Crop Protection. Nairobi. KE
  • Mathiu, Mbaabu P; University of Nairobi. Faculty of Veterinary Medicine. Department of Veterinary Anatomy and Physiology. Nairobi. KE
Int. j. morphol ; 38(4): 940-946, Aug. 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1124880
ABSTRACT
Solanum nigrum (SLN), commonly known as African nightshade, is used as a vegetable as well as in the management and treatment of various ailments including gastric ulcers. We analyzed, both grossly and microscopically using H&E, Masson's trichrome and PSA staining methods, the protective effects of aqueous leaf extracts of three Kenyan SLN genotypes namely S. scabrum (SSB), S. sarrachoides (SSR) and S. villosum (SVL) on ethanol-induced gastric lesions in rats. There was evidence of gastro-protection by all the three genotypes with the SSB showing the highest ulcer inhibition score (76.37 %) followed by SSR (72.51 %) and SVL (63.30 %). SLN-pretreated rats showed less areas of gastric mucosal surface erosion. Additionally in the pretreated animals, the depth of the ulcers were markedly reduced, reaching only the gastric pit region except in those treated with SVL where the ulcers penetrated slightly more deeply to affect the gastric glands. Compared with controls, the mean microscopic ulcer index decreased 5.07, 3.55 and 2.37-fold in rats pretreated with SSB, SSR and SVL extracts respectively. Results of this work show extracts of the three SLN genotypes to have antiulcerogenic potential but at varied strengths, thus confirming earlier reports that phytoconstituents and hence the efficacy of a medicinal plant may be influenced by genetic factors.
RESUMEN
Solanum nigrum (SLN), comúnmente conocida como la solanácea africana, se usa como vegetal, para el tratamiento de diversas dolencias incluyendo las úlceras gástricas. Analizamos de forma macro y microscópica, de forma macroscópica y microscópica, utilizando para ello tinciones de H&E, tricrómico de Masson y PSA los efectos protectores de extractos acuosos de hojas de tres genotipos SLN de Kenia S. scabrum (SSB), S. sarrachoides (SSR) and S. villosum (SVL) en lesiones gástricas inducidas por etanol en ratas. Hubo evidencia de gastroprotección por parte de los tres genotipos con el SSB mostrando el puntaje más alto de inhibición de la úlcera (76,37 %) seguido de SSR (72,51 %) y SVL (63,30 %). Las ratas tratadas previamente con SLN mostraron menos áreas de erosión de la superficie de la mucosa gástrica. Además, en los animales pretratados, la profundidad de las úlceras se redujo notablemente, llegando solo a la región del fondo gástrico, excepto en aquellos tratados con SVL donde las úlceras penetraron un poco más profundamente para afectar las glándulas gástricas. En comparación con los controles, el índice medio de úlcera microscópica disminuyó 5,07, 3,55 y 2,37 veces en ratas pretratadas con extractos de SSB, SSR y SVL, respectivamente. Los resultados de este trabajo muestran que los extractos de los tres genotipos de SLN tienen potencial antiulcerogénico en diferentes concentraciones, lo que confirma informes anteriores que los fitoconstituyentes y la eficacia de una planta medicinal pueden estar influenciados por factores genéticos.
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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Stomach Ulcer / Plant Extracts / Solanum nigrum / Anti-Ulcer Agents Limits: Animals Country/Region as subject: Africa Language: English Journal: Int. j. morphol Journal subject: Anatomy Year: 2020 Type: Article Affiliation country: Kenya Institution/Affiliation country: University of Nairobi/KE

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Stomach Ulcer / Plant Extracts / Solanum nigrum / Anti-Ulcer Agents Limits: Animals Country/Region as subject: Africa Language: English Journal: Int. j. morphol Journal subject: Anatomy Year: 2020 Type: Article Affiliation country: Kenya Institution/Affiliation country: University of Nairobi/KE