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Infection rate by TOXOPLASMA GONDII in free-range and broiler chickens in the states of Rio Grande do Norte and Paraíba, Brazil
Santos, Maria Cecilia Farias dos; Brito, Ramayana Morais de Medeiros; Vitor , Ricardo Wagner de Almeida; Andrade Neto, Valter.
  • Santos, Maria Cecilia Farias dos; Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte. Biosciences Center. Department of Microbiology and Parasitology. Natal, RN. BR
  • Brito, Ramayana Morais de Medeiros; Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte. Biosciences Center. Department of Microbiology and Parasitology. Natal, RN. BR
  • Vitor , Ricardo Wagner de Almeida; Federal University of Minas Gerais. Institute of Biological Sciences. Department of Parasitology. Belo Horizonte, MG. BR
  • Andrade Neto, Valter; Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte. Biosciences Center. Department of Microbiology and Parasitology. Natal, RN. BR
Rev. patol. trop ; 50(2): 1-15, jun. 2021. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1254525
ABSTRACT
Toxoplasmosis is a zoonosis caused by Toxoplasma gondii, a protozoan that has a cosmopolitan geographic distribution and low specificity for intermediate hosts. Domestic chickens are among the most important hosts in toxoplasmosis epidemiology, since they are potential sources of infection for humans, in addition to indicating environmental contamination by protozoa. In this work, we studied the prevalence of T. gondii infection in chickens in different breeding systems from distinct mesoregions of Rio Grande do Norte and Paraiba States broiler chickens from commercial farms and free-range chickens from small farms. Indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) and ELISA techniques were used for detecting specific antibodies in blood samples from the birds. There were no seropositive samples among the broilers tested, indicating that intensive management limited the chances of infection for these animals. Among the free-range chickens, the frequency of IgG anti-T. gondii detected by IFAT and ELISA were 37.9% and 40.4% respectively. Among the seropositive samples by IFAT, 33 (27.1%) were positive at a dilution of 116; in 132, 31 (25.4%); in 164, 24 (19.7%); 15 (12.3%) in 1128, and 19 presented titers greater than or equal to 1256 (15.6%). The substantial concordance observed between IFAT and ELISA signifies these methods are effective methodologies for the diagnosis of avian toxoplasmosis. The high prevalence of specific antibodies among poultry in the studied region highlights the potential risk of T. gondii transmission to humans through consumption of infected meat.
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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Seroepidemiologic Studies / Chickens / Toxoplasmosis / Infections Type of study: Risk factors Limits: Animals / Humans Country/Region as subject: South America / Brazil Language: English Journal: Rev. patol. trop Journal subject: Tropical Medicine / Pathology Year: 2021 Type: Article Affiliation country: Brazil Institution/Affiliation country: Federal University of Minas Gerais/BR / Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte/BR

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Seroepidemiologic Studies / Chickens / Toxoplasmosis / Infections Type of study: Risk factors Limits: Animals / Humans Country/Region as subject: South America / Brazil Language: English Journal: Rev. patol. trop Journal subject: Tropical Medicine / Pathology Year: 2021 Type: Article Affiliation country: Brazil Institution/Affiliation country: Federal University of Minas Gerais/BR / Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte/BR