Uso dos serviços de saúde e adesão ao distanciamento social por adultos com doenças crônicas na pandemia de COVID-19, Brasil, 2020 / Use of health services and adherence to social distancing by adults with Noncommunicable Diseases during the COVID-19 pandemic, Brazil, 2020

RESUMO

Resumo Este estudo investiga a associação entre diagnóstico autorreferido de Doença Crônica Não Transmissível (DCNT) e adesão ao distanciamento social e utilização dos serviços de saúde durante a pandemia de COVID-19. Estudo transversal com adultos brasileiros que participaram da ConVid Pesquisa de Comportamentos, realizada de 24 de abril a 24 de maio de 2020, via web (n = 45.161). Considerou as DCNT diabetes, hipertensão, doença respiratória, doença do coração e câncer. Avaliou a utilização de serviços de saúde e a adesão ao distanciamento social. Estimou as prevalências e razões de prevalências ajustadas (RPa). 33,9% (IC95% 32,5-35,3) referiu uma ou mais DCNT. Indivíduos com DCNT tiveram maior adesão ao distanciamento social intenso (RPa1,07; IC95%1,03-1,11), procuraram mais o serviço de saúde (RPa1,24; IC95%1,11-1,38) e tiveram mais dificuldades para marcar consulta (RPa1,52; IC95%1,35-1,71), conseguir atendimento de saúde (RPa1,50; IC95%1,22-1,84) e medicamentos (RPa2,17; IC95%1,77-2,67), realizar exames (RPa1,78; IC95%1,50-2,10) e intervenções programadas (RPa1,65; IC95%1,16-2,34). A presença de DCNT associou-se à maior adesão ao distanciamento social, procura por atendimento de saúde e dificuldade na utilização dos serviços de saúde.

ABSTRACT

Abstract The present study investigates the association between the self-reported diagnosis of noncommunicable disease (NCD) and the adherence to social distancing and the use of health services during the COVID-19 pandemic. This was a cross-sectional study with Brazilian adults who participated in the ConVid- Behavior Survey, conducted online between April 24 and May 24, 2020(n = 45.161). This studyconsidered the following NCDs diabetes, hypertension, respiratory disease, heart disease, and cancer, and evaluated the use of health services and the adherence to social distancing, as well as estimated the prevalences and adjusted prevalence ratio (aPR); 33,9% (95% CI 32,5-35,3) referred to one or more NCD. Individuals with NCDsshowed a greater adherence to intense social distancing (aPR 1,07;95% CI 1,03-1,11), sought out health services more often (aPR1,24; 95% CI1,11-1,38), and found greater difficultyin scheduling doctor's appointments (aPR1.52; 95% CI 1,35-1,71), receiving healthcare treatment (APR1,50;95% CI1,22-1,84) and medication (APR2,17;95% CI1,77-2,67), and performing examinations (APR1,78;95% CI1,50-2,10) and scheduled interventions (APR1,65;95% CI1,16-2,34). The presence of NCDs was associated with social distancing, seeking out health care, and difficulty in using health services.