Performance funcional, composição corporal e medo de cair em idosas com desmineralização óssea caidoras e não caidoras. Existem diferenças? / Functional performance, body composition and fear of falling in fallers and non-fallers elderly women with bone demineralization. Are there differences?

RESUMO

Objetivou-se comparar performance funcional, composição corporal e medo de cair em idosas com desmineralização óssea caidoras e não caidoras. Estudo transversal, analítico com 19 idosas com baixa da densidade mineral óssea (DMO), sete apresentaram osteoporose e 12 tinham osteopenia. IMC=28,9 ± 4,3kg.m-2 , idade média de 70 ± 5 anos. As idosas foram alocadas em grupos quanto à queda Caidoras (n=9) e Não Caidoras (n=10). A avaliação da performance funcional englobou 1) Capacidade Funcional com a bateria Senior Fitness Test (SFT); 2) Variáveis da marcha captadas com o sensor inercial Wivar® Science durante o Teste de Caminhada de 10 metros (TC10M). Composição corporal DMO, gordura e massa magra foram analisadas através da Absortometria Radiológica de Dupla Energia (DEXA). Verificou-se o medo de cair com a Falls Efficacy Scale - Internacional ­ Brasil. Testou-se a comparação entre médias com teste t de Student e U de Mann Whitney. Quanto ao medo de cair, o escore total atingiu 28±11 pontos. Não houve diferença estatística entre as médias dos testes de capacidade funcional e marcha, exceto a simetria da marcha (p=0,017). Os grupos alcançaram resultados semelhantes de performance funcional, marcha e medo de cair. O estímulo e manutenção da função devem ser feitos como caráter preventivo no público em questão independente do evento queda ter ocorrido. A simetria da marcha pode ser uma variável complementar na avaliação de quedas em idosas com osteopenia e osteoporose.(AU)

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to compare functional performance, body composition and fear of falling in fallers and non-fallers elderly women with bone demineralization. This is a cross-sectional, analytical study with 19 elderly women with low bone mineral density (BMD), seven had osteoporosis and 12 had osteopenia. BMI = 28.9 ± 4.3 kg.m-2 , mean age 70 ± 5 years. The elderly were allocated by fall reported event in groups Fallers (n = 9) and Non-fallers (n = 10). Functional performance included 1) Functional Capacity mesuared by Senior Fitness Test (SFT) battery; 2) Walking variables captured by the inertial sensor Wivar® Science during the 10-meter Walk Test (TC10M). Body composition BMD, fat and lean mass were mesuared by Dual Energy Radiological Absortometry (DEXA). There fear of falling was acessed by Falls Efficacy Scale - International - Brazil. The comparison between means was made with Student's t test and Mann Whitney U test. As results, the total score for fear of falling reached 28 ± 11 points. There was no statistically significant difference between the means of functional capacity and gait tests. Only gait symmetry differed between groups (p = 0.017). Both groups achieved similar results of functional performance, gait and fear of falling. The stimulus and maintenance of the function must be done as a preventive character in the public in question regardless of the event that occurred. The gait symmetry may be a complementary variable to evaluate falls in elderly women with osteopenia and osteoporosis.(AU)