Evolución neurológica y funcional en pacientes con polineuropatía de paciente crítico: revisión de literatura y reporte de casos / Neurological and functional evolution in critical illness polyneuropathy: literature review and report of cases

ABSTRACT

Patients with prolonged ICU stay may have a critical illness polyneuropathy (CIP) which corresponds to an acute sensory-motor axonal neuropathy that occurs in severely ill patients between 60 to 100 percent of cases. While most patients have good recovery, reports suggest that between 30 and 40 percent of patients with critical illness polyneuropathy have long-term sequelae, which generate motor limitations that could impact its functionality. The functional outcome of neurological pathology depends on clinical factors, familiy-social factors and access to rehabilitation. Knowing the functional prognosis of the disease is key to organizing the rehabilitation plans. The current literature only reports of neurological recovery as a factor associated with better function in patients with critical illness polyneuropathy. This article reviews clinical and pathogenic aspects of the CIP, neurological and functional changes described in the literature and presents 6 cases of patients admitted to rehabilitation last year.