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Ultrasound and gross anatomy of the brachial plexus and major nerves of the forelimb. An anesthetic approach using the domestic rabbit (Oyctolagus cuniculus) as an experimental model1
Mencalha, Rodrigo; Sousa, Carlos Augusto dos Santos; Costa, Orlando; Abidu-Figueiredo, Marcelo.
  • Mencalha, Rodrigo; Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro. Seropédica. BR
  • Sousa, Carlos Augusto dos Santos; Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro. Seropédica. BR
  • Costa, Orlando; Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro. Seropédica. BR
  • Abidu-Figueiredo, Marcelo; Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro. Seropédica. BR
Acta cir. bras ; 31(4): 218-226, Apr. 2016. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-781330
ABSTRACT

PURPOSE:

To update the gross and sonographic anatomy and propose landmarks to perform ultrasound-guided (US-guided) axillary brachial plexus block (BPB) in rabbits.

METHODS:

Forty New Zeeland's rabbit (NZR) cadavers were dissected and the nerves were trimmed, identified, measured, and photographed. Additionally, in twenty NZRs, sonographic images of brachial plexus (BP) were performed through a simple-resolution ultrasound device. The US-guided block was achieved through a minimum volume of lidocaine necessary to surround the BP roots. The effectiveness of the brachial plexus block was assessed on sensitivity and motor functions.

RESULTS:

The BP resulted from connections between the ventral branches of the last four cervical spinal nerves and the first thoracic spinal nerve. In the axillary sonoanatomy, the BP appeared as an agglomerate of small, round hypoechoic structures surrounded by a thin hyperechoic ring. The amount of time and the minimum volume required to perform was 4.3 ± 2.3 min and 0.8 ± 0.3ml, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS:

The gross and sonographic anatomy of the BP showed uncommon morphological variations. Moreover, from sonographic landmarks, we showed complete reproducibility of the axillary US-guided brachial plexus block with simple resolution equipment and small volume of anesthetics required.
Subject(s)


Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Brachial Plexus / Models, Animal / Brachial Plexus Block Type of study: Diagnostic study / Prognostic study Limits: Animals Language: English Journal: Acta cir. bras Journal subject: General Surgery / Procedimentos Cir£rgicos Operat¢rios Year: 2016 Type: Article Affiliation country: Brazil Institution/Affiliation country: Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro/BR

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Brachial Plexus / Models, Animal / Brachial Plexus Block Type of study: Diagnostic study / Prognostic study Limits: Animals Language: English Journal: Acta cir. bras Journal subject: General Surgery / Procedimentos Cir£rgicos Operat¢rios Year: 2016 Type: Article Affiliation country: Brazil Institution/Affiliation country: Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro/BR