The role of mitochondrial autophagy-related receptor proteins and signaling pathways in the prevention and treatment of sarcopenia through exercise / 中国组织工程研究

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND:Sarcopenia is an age-related degenerative syndrome,and the relationship between mitochondrial autophagy and exercise in preventing and treating sarcopenia has been demonstrated.However,there is a lack of comprehensive reviews detailing the specific receptor proteins and signaling pathways involved in the role of exercise in sarcopenia prevention and treatment. OBJECTIVE:To comprehensively introduce the specific receptor proteins and signaling pathways related to mitochondrial autophagy and their role in the prevention and treatment of sarcopenia through exercise. METHODS:A literature search was conducted between February 1,2023,and April 1,2023,covering literature from database inception to April 2023.Databases included the Web of Science,PubMed,China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),WanFang Data,and VIP.Keywords used for the search included sarcopenia,muscle wasting,aging,elderly,mitochondria,mitochondrial function,proteins,pathways,and others.After strict inclusion and exclusion criteria,76 articles were ultimately included. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Sarcopenia is a disease characterized by a decline in muscle mass and function with age,and its pathogenesis involves neuro-muscular functional decline,chronic inflammation,acid-base imbalance,and mitochondrial dysfunction.Mitochondrial autophagy is an important process for clearing damaged mitochondria in cells,in which receptor proteins and signaling pathways are involved in the regulation of mitochondrial autophagy.Exercise can promote the occurrence of mitochondrial autophagy by regulating the activity of these receptor proteins and signaling pathways,thereby playing an important role in the prevention and treatment of sarcopenia.Exercise can induce mitochondrial autophagy in sarcopenia by upregulating AMPK,phosphorylating ULK1,and reducing mitochondrial energy,enhancing the expression of mitochondrial autophagy-related proteins associated with AMBRA1,and regulating the PINK1/Parkin pathway,to improve mitochondrial dysfunction caused by sarcopenia.In addition,exercise can activate the mTOR pathway to promote muscle growth and increase glucose uptake,thereby preventing and treating sarcopenia.Future studies are needed to further investigate the specific mechanisms and regulatory pathways of mitochondrial autophagy-related receptor proteins and signaling pathways in the prevention and treatment of sarcopenia by exercise,and to conduct more clinical trials in humans,thereby to promote further development in this field.