Parkinson's Disease and Osteoporosis

ABSTRACT

Parkinson's disease(PD) is characterized clinically by bradykinesia, rigidity, tremor, and disturbance of posture and equilibrium. A higher incidence of fractures in PD patient has been reported, however the studies of musculoskeletal complications in PD have been negligible. The purposes of this study were to investigate the incidence of osteoporosis and spinal compression fracture in PD patients and to evaluate whether the incidence were affected by the severity of PD. Bone mineral density(BMD) in 21 patients(5 males and 16 females) with idiopathic PD was measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry(DXA) and compared with an age adjusted control group(32 females). The patients were divided into two groups according to the Hoehn and Yahr(H-Y) stage as mild or severe and the BMD was compared. Simple x-ray studies of thoracolumbar spine were performed to find out the presence of spinal compression fractures. The results showed that the BMD of PD patients was significantly lower than control subjects. The PD patients with high H-Y stage(severe group) had lower BMD scores with no statistical significance. The spinal compression fractures were noted mainly at mid-thoracic area and thoraco-lumbar junction. Spinal t-score in patients with a compression fracture was significantly reduced. No significant correlation exists between back pain and a compression fracture.