Iodine nutrition status of Baoji population from 2016 to 2022 / 中华地方病学杂志

ABSTRACT

Objective:To analyze the iodine nutrition status of the population in Baoji City, Shaanxi Province after adjusting the salt iodine content, and evaluate the effectiveness of current prevention and control measures for iodine deficiency disorders (IDD).Methods:IDD surveillance data in Baoji City from 2016 to 2022 (from the Baoji Center for Disease Control and Prevention and the Baoji Maternity and Child Care Hospital) were collected, iodine content in urine of children aged 8 to 10, pregnant women and household salt was analyzed, and the thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) of neonatal heel blood was determined. Mann-Kendall test and linear trend χ 2 test were used to test the trend. Results:A total of 26 812 salt samples were tested from 2016 to 2022, with a median salt iodine concentration of 24.09 mg/kg and a qualified iodine salt consumption rate of 97.84% (26 234/26 812). A total of 17 877 urine samples of children aged 8 to 10 were tested, with a median urine iodine of 218.41 μg/L, 8 935 urine samples of pregnant women were tested, with a median urine iodine of 184.59 μg/L, and 121 607 blood samples of newborns were tested, with a median TSH of 2.00 mU/L. With the increase of years, there was no significant trend in the median of salt iodine, child urine iodine and maternal urine iodine ( Ztrend = 1.80, - 1.50, 0.30, P > 0.05), however, the median of neonatal TSH showed an overall downward trend ( Ztrend = - 1.97, P = 0.048). As the years increase, the proportion of qualified iodized salt (18 - 33 mg/kg of salt iodine), adequate iodine content of children (100 - 299 μg/L of urine iodine) and appropriate iodine content of pregnant women (150 - 249 μg/L of urine iodine) showed an increasing trend (χ 2trend = 122.74, 26.56, 28.43, P < 0.001), however, the proportion of TSH > 5.0 mU/L in neonatal heel blood decreased linearly (χ 2trend = 1 634.43, P < 0.001). Conclusions:From 2016 to 2022, the salt iodine content and iodine nutrition level of the population in Baoji City have met the national standard for eliminating IDD. It is recommended to strengthen the health education of scientifically eating iodized salt and supplementing iodine.