Topical Hypopigmenting Agents for Pigmentary Disorders and Their Mechanisms of Action
Annals of Dermatology
; : 1-6, 2012.
Article
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| ID: wpr-122686
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ABSTRACT
Melanin is produced in melanocytes and stored in melanosomes. In spite of its beneficial sun-protective effect, abnormal accumulation of melanin results in esthetic problems. Hydroquinone, competing with tyrosine, is a major ingredient in topical pharmacological agents. However, frequent adverse reactions are amongst its major limitation. To solve this problem, several alternatives such as arbutin, kojic acid, aloesin, and 4-n-butyl resorcinol have been developed. Herein, we classify hypopigmenting agents according to their mechanism of action; a) regulation of enzyme, which is subdivided into three categories, i) regulation of transcription and maturation of tyrosinase, ii) inhibition of tyrosinase activity, and iii) post-transcriptional control of tyrosinase; b) inhibition of melanosome transfer, and c) additional mechanisms such as regulation of the melanocyte environment and antioxidant agents.
Palabras clave
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Índice:
WPRIM
Asunto principal:
Arbutina
/
Pironas
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Resorcinoles
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Tirosina
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Cromonas
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Monofenol Monooxigenasa
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Hipopigmentación
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Melanosomas
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Glucósidos
/
Hidroquinonas
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Annals of Dermatology
Año:
2012
Tipo del documento:
Article