The effectiveness of pedicle navigation template with point-contact clamping fixation in complex pedicle of scoliosis / 中华骨科杂志

ABSTRACT

Objective:To explore the effect of a new 5-point positioning point contact clamping fixation pedicle navigation template in treating cases of scoliosis and complex pedicle.Methods:From February 2019 to February 2023, 30 patients with scoliosis and complicated pedicle were admitted for orthopedic surgery. There were 11 males and 19 females, with an average age of 16.54±6.23 years (range 7 to 35 years). A total 60 cases treated before February 2019 were matched as a control group, including 23 males and 37 females, with an average age of 16.72±6.34 years (range 6 to 35 years). During the operation, the 5-point positioning point-contact clamping fixation pedicle navigation template was used to guide the screws. Screw placement time, screw placement bleeding volume, fluoroscopy frequency, manual redirection frequency, Rao pedicle screw placement classification and accuracy, screw placement complications, and main curve correction rate were recorded.Results:All the 30 cases from the study group successfully underwent the surgery with a total of 354 screws placed, while in the control group a total of 727 screws were placed in 60 cases. The surgery times and intraoperative bleeding volumes for the study group and the control group were 279.45±57.72 min vs. 292.54±58.87 min and 921.57±371.32 ml vs. 932.83±376.65 ml with significant differences ( t=-2.13, P=0.022; t=-1.87, P=0.024). The time for screw placement from the start of skin incision to the placement of the last screw and the bleeding volume during screw placement in the study group and the control group was 82.87±24.46 min vs. 97.53±25.56 min and 72.25±43.66 ml vs. 106.53±61.22 ml with significant differences ( t=-2.66, P=0.031; t=-2.32, P=0.027). The screw placement fluoroscopy frequencies and manual redirection frequencies in the study group and the control group were 4.21±1.11 times vs. 6.32±1.81 times and 0.47±0.64 times vs. 0.93±0.86 times with significant differences ( t=-4.66, P<0.001; t=-2.78, P=0.018). According to the Rao pedicle screw placement classification, the study group had 329 screws classified as level I, 19 screws as level II, and 6 screws as level III. In the control group, there were 669 screws classified as level I, 45 screws as level II, 12 screws as level III, and 1 screw as level IV with no significant difference (χ 2=4.26, P=0.547). The screw placement accuracy and the main curve correction rate in the study group and the study group was 98.31%±3.10% vs. 98.21%±4.92% and 57.85%±9.46% vs. 6.64%±9.22% with no significant differences ( t=0.88, P=0.384; t=0.42, P=0.663). No complications of nerve damage, major vascular injury, cerebrospinal fluid leakage, infection, or death happened during surgery or postoperatively. There were no complications of internal fixation displacement, loosening, or breakage. The outcomes of the patients were good with significantly improved appearance and trunk balance after surgery. Conclusion:The new navigation template provided an accurate and safe way of placing screws in treating various deformities of the lamina articular process without extensive and complete dissection of the posterior structure, leading to reduced fluoroscopy and operation time.