Consumo de álcool em professores da rede pública estadual durante a pandemia da COVID-19 / Alcohol consumption in state public school teachers during the COVID-19 pandemics

RESUMO

OBJETIVO: Avaliar o consumo de álcool entre os professores da rede pública estadual do ensino básico antes e durante a pandemia da COVID-19 e os fatores associados aos que aumentaram o consumo de bebidas alcoólicas durante a pandemia. MÉTODOS: Inquérito epidemiológico do tipo websurvey, realizado com professores da educação básica das escolas da rede pública estadual de Minas Gerais. A coleta ocorreu de agosto a setembro/2020 via formulário digital e contou com o apoio da Secretaria de Estado de Educação. A variável dependente adotada foi o aumento no consumo de bebidas alcoólicas pelos professores durante a pandemia. Foi utilizada a regressão de Poisson, adotando nível de significância de 5%. RESULTADOS: Participaram do estudo 15.641 professores de 795 municípios mineiros. Em relação ao consumo de bebidas alcoólicas, antes da pandemia, 46,9% dos professores consumiam pelo menos uma vez por semana e durante a pandemia 7,1% relataram que estavam bebendo mais do que costumavam. Observou-se maior consumo de bebida alcoólica durante a pandemia entre os homens, com menor faixa etária, com maior renda familiar, os que tiveram muita dificuldade em realizar as atividades escolares, os insatisfeitos com o trabalho, os que começaram a ter problemas de sono e naqueles com algum familiar/amigo que desenvolveu sintomas graves da COVID-19. CONCLUSÕES: Os resultados evidenciaram que a maioria dos participantes manteve o seu consumo ou o diminuiu durante a pandemia, com 7,1% aumentando o uso de álcool. Esse aumento foi associado a fatores sociodemográficos e econômicos, condições de trabalho durante a pandemia, comportamentos/hábitos de vida e condições de saúde.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate alcohol consumption among state public elementary school teachers before and during the COVID-19 pandemic and the factors associated with who increased their alcohol consumption during the pandemic. METHODS: Websurvey-type epidemiological survey, carried out with primary education teachers from public schools in Minas Gerais. A probabilistic sample with proportionality for state teachers was estimated. The collection took place from August to September 2020 via digital form and had the support of the State Department of Education. The dependent variable adopted was the increase in the consumption of alcoholic beverages by teachers during the pandemic. Poisson Regression was used, adopting a significance level of 5%. RESULTS: 15,641 teachers from 795 Minas Gerais municipalities participated in the study. Regarding the consumption of alcoholic beverages, before the pandemic 46.9% of teachers consumed at least once a week and during the pandemic 7.1% reported that they were drinking more than they used to. Higher consumption of alcoholic beverages was observed during the pandemic among men, with a lower age group, higher family income, those who had great difficulty to carry out school activities, those dissatisfied with work, those who started having sleep problems and in those where a family member or friend developed symptoms serious problems of COVID-19. CONCLUSIONS: The results showed that most participants maintained their consumption or decreased it during the pandemic. This increase was associated with sociodemographic and economic factors, working conditions during the pandemic, behaviors/life habits and health conditions.