A Case Report of Rare Complications after Epicardial Permanent Pacemaker Implantation in an Infant: Airway Compression, Skin Necrosis, and Bowel Perforation

ABSTRACT

Insertion of an epicardial pacemaker is a useful treatment for pediatric patients with an abnormal heart rhythm. However, there are limitations and concerns when implanting epicardial pacemakers in infants and neonates due to their small body size. We report a patient who experienced rare complications after implantation of a permanent pacemaker.