An Update of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Antagonists in the Treatment of Advanced Prostate Cancer

ABSTRACT

For decades, androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) was the cornerstone treatment for advanced prostate cancer. ADT using gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist or antagonist acts by blocking the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal system with different mechanism. Both injectable GnRH agonist and antagonist are currently used as a standard of care. The novel oral GnRH antagonist has recently approved and it may have a promising alternative to the conventional ADT. This review will focus on the history of drug development, efficacy and safety profiles for GnRH antagonists in patients with prostate cancer.