Serum zinc, copper, selenium, and lead levels in children with chronic renal failure

ABSTRACT

In the last two centuries, chronic kidney disease [CKD] and renal failure [RF] have been considered as the main medical problems which were fatal in many cases. Trace elements such as selenium, copper, and zinc are the components of biological enzymes which have a crucial role in decreasing reactive oxygen. The levels of these trace elements reduce in CKD patients. Close and careful nutritional support of children with CKD, particularly in the early stages of the disease, is necessary