The role of TGFβ1, Smad4, and TβR II in the initiation and progression for gallbladder carcinoma / 肿瘤

ABSTRACT

Objective: To investigate the relationship between the expressions of the transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1), Smad4, and TβR II in the different stages of gallbladder carcinoma and discuss their roles in the development of gallbladder carcinoma. Methods: Immunohistochemical SP method was used to examine the expression of TGF-β1, Smad4, and TβR II in 30 cases of gallbladder carcinoma, 11 cases of gallbladder adenoma, and 30 cases of cholecystitis. The relationship between the expressions of TGF-β1, Smad4 and TβR II and the clinicopathological features of gallbladder carcinoma were analyzed. Results: The positive rates of TGF-β1, Smad4 and TβR II was 73.3%, 20%, and 16.7% in 30 cases of gallbladder carcinoma; 90.9%, 63.7%, and 54.5% in 11 cases of gallbladder adenoma; 96.7%, 93.3%, and 90% in 30 cases of cholecystitis. The expression of TGF-β1 was significantly lower in gallbladder carcinoma than that in cholecystitis (P<0.05). The expressions of Smad4 and TPR H were significantly lower in gallbladder carcinoma than that in cholecystitis (P<0.05). Gallbladder carcinoma at stages I and II had lower TGF-β1 expression but higher Smad4 and TβR II expression than those at stage III and V (P<0.05). TGF-β1 expression was significantly higher (94.1%) in gallbladder carcinoma with metastasis than that without metastasis (P<0.05). Conclusion: The decreased expression of TGF-β1 in gallbladder carcinoma may be related with the cell malignant transformation and uncontrolled growth. Over-expression of TGF-β could not inhibit the proliferation of gallbladder carcinoma which may be due to the decreased expression of Smad4 and TβR II. The high expression of TGF-β1 is related with the progression, invasion, and metastasis of gallbladder carcinoma.