ABSTRACT
Objective:
To study the effect of
sublingual immunotherapy on
children with
mite allergic rhinitis.
Methods:
Four hundred and ninety
patients with
mite allergic rhinitis have been recruited by
Beijing Children′s
Hospital from March 2014 to September 2019 and divided into 4 groups of young
children group, different
treatment duration group, individualized
dose adjustment group and multiple
allergy evaluation group, the clinical scores of total nasal symptoms score (TNSS), visual analogue scale scores (VAS) and total medication score were recorded at the first visit, 12 months, 24 months and 36 months
after treatment, and the combined symptom and medication score(CSMS) score was calculated.
Results:
A total of 374
patients (76.32%) completed this study.Among them, the CSMS(2.20±1.61, 2.50±1.78), TNSS(2.80±2.32, 3.60±2.71) and VAS(3.50±1.16, 3.90±1.43) in ≤3-year-old group and
children over 3-year-old group of young
children set after use of 12 months were significantly lower than the score at the first
time of
diagnosis (respectively CSMS 4.50±1.44, 5.30±1.32; TNSS 6.20±1.89, 7.50±2.19; VAS 5.40±2.33, 5.90±1.61). In addition, in the duration and
efficacy set, the
patients who completed the
immunotherapy for 36 months can only be observed in the 3-year group, the scores were TNSS(0.90±0.97), VAS (1.30±1.19), CSMS (1.70±1.28); the scores of
patients who completed the
immunotherapy for 24 months in 2-year group and 3-year group were TNSS (2.10±0.95, 2.00±0.97), VAS (3.00±1.56, 3.10±1.68) and CSMS (3.10±1.15, 2.90±1.19) and the
patients who completed 12-month
immunotherapy were scored in 1-year group, 2-year group and 3-year group with TNSS(3.20±1.27, 3.10±1.41, 3.20±1.41), VAS(4.50±2.11, 4.70± 2.19, 4.50±2.17) and CSMS(4.20±1.39, 3.70±1.32, 4.10±1.39) respectively;
patients with poor
efficacy in
sublingual immunotherapy achieved a score
similar to the
control group after 6 months of
dose adjustment (equals to 12 months
after treatment), that were CSMS(2.90±1.56, 2.90±1.88, 2.40±1.69), TNSS(4.70±2.98, 3.90±2.77, 3.80±2.45) and VAS(4.20±1.29, 4.50±1.65, 4.20±1.14) of 4 drops group, 5 drops group and
control group;
sublingual immunotherapy for
patients with multiple
allergens for 2 years finally achieved
similar efficacy to
patients with single
allergen, with CSMS (2.30±0.50, 2.10±1.01, 1.90±1.01), TNSS (3.50±2.62, 3.70±2.62, 3.20±2.82) and VAS (4.50±1.00, 4.10±1.57, 3.80±1.54) in single
allergen group, combined with 1-2
allergens group and combined with 3+
allergens group.
Conclusions:
Sublingual immunotherapy plays a corresponding
role in the
treatment of low-age
children, multiple
allergy children, and some
children get better after
dose adjustment.